Direct-Acting Oral Anticoagulants and Potential Inconsistencies with FDA-Approved Dosing for Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation: A Retrospective Real-World Analysis Across Nine US Healthcare Systems.

Background: Direct-acting oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are recommended to reduce risk of stroke and systemic embolism in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). However, DOAC dosing inconsistent with FDA-approved product labels is common and associated with poor clinical outcomes.

Objectives: Identify DOAC dosing inconsistent with FDA-approved product labels in ambulatory care patients with NVAF; identify variables associated with dosing lower and higher than label.

Influence of heme propionates on the nitrite reductase activity of myoglobin.

The heme propionates in myoglobin (Mb) form a H-bonding network among several residues within its second-sphere coordination, providing a key structural role towards Mb's functional properties. Our work aims to understand the role of the heme propionates on the nitrite reductase (NiR) activity (e.g.

Anatomy Scholars Program for Medical Students Entering a Surgical Residency.

A near-peer teaching experience for upper-level medical students could help prepare them for surgical residency by providing specific education opportunities and exposure to the field of surgery. Five medical students were selected to be near-peer teachers (NPTs) in gross anatomy, and then they reflected on their experiences. The NPTs spent the majority of effort in a teaching role, and reported improved NTS, anatomy knowledge, and dissection skills.

Risk of Recall Among Medical Devices Undergoing US Food and Drug Administration 510(k) Clearance and Premarket Approval, 2008-2017.

Importance: The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) uses 510(k) clearance and premarket approval (PMA) pathways to ensure device safety before marketing. Premarket approval evaluates high-risk medical devices and requires clinical trials, whereas 510(k) clearance evaluates moderate-risk devices and relies on benchtop (nonclinical and biomechanical) and descriptive data. Existing literature suggests that the clinical trials required by PMA are associated with reduced risk of recall compared with devices granted 510(k) clearance.

Hemorrhage-Control Training in Medical Education.

Objectives: To evaluate and analyze the efficacy of implementation of hemorrhage-control training into the formal medical school curriculum. We predict this training will increase the comfort and confidence levels of students with controlling major hemorrhage and they will find this a valuable skill set for medical and other healthcare professional students.

Methods: After IRB and institutional approval was obtained, hemorrhage-control education was incorporated into the surgery clerkship curriculum for 96 third-year medical students at the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences using the national Stop The Bleed program.

The role of Trp side chains in tuning single proton conduction through gramicidin channels.

We present an extensive set of measurements of proton conduction through gramicidin A (gA), B (gB), and M (gM) homodimer channels which have 4, 3, or 0 Trp residues at each end of the channel, respectively. In gA we find a shoulder separating two domains of conductance increasing with concentration, confirming the results of Eisenman, G., B.

Comparison of gramicidin A and gramicidin M channel conductance dispersities.

To explore the possible role of Trp side chains in gramicidin channel conductance dispersity, we studied the dispersity of gramicidin M (gM), a gramicidin variant in which all four tryptophan residues are replaced with phenylalanine residues, and its enantiomer, gramicidin M(-) (gM(-)), and compared them to that of gramicidin A (gA). The conductances of highly purified gM and gM(-) were studied in alkali metal solutions at a variety of concentrations and voltages, in seven different types of lipid, and in the presence of detergent. Like gA channels, the most common gM channel conductance forms a narrow band.

Cloning, sequencing, and enhanced expression of the dihydropteroate synthase gene of Escherichia coli MC4100.

The Escherichia coli gene coding for dihydropteroate synthase (DHPS) has been cloned and sequenced. The protein has 282 amino acids and a compositional molecular mass of 30,314 daltons. Increased expression of the enzyme was realized by using a T7 expression system.

Object play and exploration in children with and without disabilities: a longitudinal study.

The development of object play was examined in 40 children (20 with and 20 without disabilities). The children with disabilities were assessed at ages 11, 15, 19, and 27 months; the children without disabilities, at 6, 11, 15, and 27 months. At each assessment, the children were videotaped during 20 minutes of play with their mothers in a controlled environment.

Feelings of depression and parenting competence of mothers of handicapped and nonhandicapped infants: a longitudinal study.

Relations of maternal depression and feelings of parenting competence with measures of child characteristics and mother's social support system were examined across time. Full assessments were made of mothers of handicapped infants at infant ages 11, 15, 19, and 27 months and mothers of nonhandicapped infants at infant ages 6, 11, 15, 19, and 27 months. Although the two groups of infants differed significantly in level of functioning and difficulty of caregiving, the two groups of mothers did not differ on the measures of maternal depression and feelings of parenting competence.

Heavy metal concentrations in soils of five United States cities, 1972 urban soils monitoring program.

Lead, mercury, cadmium, and arsenic levels were determined in soil samples from Des Moines, Iowa, Fitchburg, Massachusetts, Lake Charles, Louisiana, and Reading and Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, as part of the 1972 Urban Soils Monitoring Program. Sampling sites within each Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area (SMSA) were defined as urban or suburban based on their position either within or outside the official city limits, respectively. In addition, each site was classified lawn or waste according to the maintenance it received.

Pesticide residue levels in soils and crops from 37 states, 1972--National Soils Monitoring Program (IV).

Residue data from the 1972 (FY--73) National Soils Monitoring Program are summarized. Composite samples of agricultural soil and mature crops were collected from 1,483 of the 1,533 selected 4-hectare sites in 37 states. Analyses were performed for organochlorine and organophosphorus compounds, trifluralin and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs); analysis for atrazine was performed only when pesticide application data indicated current-year use.

Pesticide application and cropping data from 37 states, 1972--national soils monitoring program.

This report summarizes pesticide application and cropping data collected in 1972 from 1,402 agricultural sampling sites in 37 states as part of the National Soils Monitoring Program. Pesticide application data are summarized by all sites, states, and crop. Tables generally give the number of sites reporting, number of times a compound was applied, percent occurrence, and arithmetic mean application rate.

Pesticide application and cropping data from 37 states, 1971--National Soils Monitoring Program.

This report summarizes pesticide application and cropping data collected in 1971 from 1,473 agricultural sampling sites in 37 states as part of the National Soils Monitoring Program. Pesticide application data are summarized by all sites, state, and crop. Tables generally give the number of reporting sites, the number of times a compound was applied, the percent occurrence, and the arithmetic mean total application rate.

Pesticide residue levels in soils and crops, 1971--National Soils Monitoring Program (III).

Data from the 1971 National Soils Monitoring Program are summarized. Composite samples of soil and mature crops were scheduled for collection from 1,533 4-hectare sites in 37 states. Analyses were performed on 1,486 soil samples for organochlorines, organophosphates, PCBs, and elemental arsenic; samples were analyzed for atrazine only when pesticide application data indicated current-year use.

Pesticide levels in hay and soils from nine states, 1971.

In 1971 hay and soil samples were collected in 9 States to determine the incidence and levels of pesticide residues in hayfields. Residues were detected in 8 percent of the soil samples and 29 percent of the hay samples. DDT and its metabolites, DDE and TDE, were contained in 2 soil samples and 21 hay samples.

Mercury and 2,4-D levels in wheat and soils from sixteen states, 1969.

Mercury and 2,4-D levels were determined for soil and wheat from 16 States. Mercury was detected in all samples; 2,4-D was found in eight percent of the soil samples and six percent of the wheat samples analyzed.