Management of the patent ductus arteriosus among infants born at 23 to 32 weeks' gestation between 2011 to 2022: a report from in the Children's Hospitals Neonatal Consortium.

Objective: This study reports on patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) therapy trends across the Children's Hospital Neonatal Consortium.

Study Design: We performed a 12-year (2011-2022) retrospective study of premature infants (< 33 weeks) with a PDA. We utilized descriptive statistics to compare demographic, inpatient, and discharge characteristics in 3-year epochs.

Plasma Lipidomics of Preadolescent Children: A Hokkaido Study.

Lipids are the most abundant biomolecules of human plasma, and their balance plays a significant role in health and disease management. Despite the importance of lipids, the studies focused on the comprehensive determination of the plasma lipidome in children are limited. In this study, we investigated the sex, age, and weight-specific changes in the plasma lipidome of nonfasting preadolescent children aged 9-12 years ( = 342) using a nontargeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry technique.

Refinements in cervical-to-marginal mandibular nerve transfers for late and chronic facial palsy cases: A pilot study.

Marginal mandibular nerve palsy is among the most common facial nerve iatrogenic injuries and has significant functional and aesthetic consequences. In a case series of four patients (n = 4) with iatrogenic and acquired marginal mandibular nerve injuries, we performed a cervical branch facial nerve (VII) fascicular transfer to the marginal mandibular nerve (VII) for late and chronic facial palsies. Pre-and post-op videos were then analysed to determine the return lower lip depression, using the Terzis lower lip score and smile index was used for objective assessment.

Congenital diaphragmatic hernia outcomes: navigating center-to-center variability in level 4 NICUs in the Children's Hospitals Neonatal Consortium.

Background: This study examined inter-center variation (ICV) in inpatient outcomes for infants with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH), aiming to contribute to quality metrics and clinical benchmarks in neonatal care.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed CDH cases from the Children's Hospitals Neonatal Consortium (CHNC) database (2010-2022), focusing on infants without prior surgical repair or discharge. Our outcomes of interest included inpatient survival, survival without ECMO, and hospital length of stay (LOS).

A case report on azathioprine induced anagen effluvium, plica polonica, and bicytopenia in a patient of vitiligo.

Background: Anagen effluvium is described as abrupt hair loss during the anagen phase due to reduced follicular mitotic activity. Chemotherapeutic medicines, toxic metals, and sporadically bismuth, levodopa, colchicine, and cyclosporine are often implicated in etiology. Plica polonica is a rare disorder that develops when the scalp hair mats completely and abruptly, resulting in an extended stiff mass of hair that resembles dreadlocks.

Virus-induced gene silencing simultaneously exploits 'attract and kill' traits in plants and insects to manage huanglongbing.

The vector-borne disease huanglongbing (HLB) causes severe economic losses to citrus production worldwide with no available cure. Herein, we applied virus-induced gene silencing technology to engineer citrus that preferentially attracted and specifically killed , the vector associated with HLB. We engineered the infectious citrus tristeza virus (CTV-T36) clone to carry three truncated genes.

Banding Down the Hurdles: Evaluating Endoscopic Variceal Ligation for Rectal Varices.

Portal hypertension can lead to the formation of rectal varices. Rectal varices are a common manifestation of portal hypertension but tend to bleed less frequently than esophageal or gastric varices. It has been observed that rectal varices can result in significant lower gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding and pose unique therapeutic challenges.

Oral health-related quality of life in Northland Māori children and adolescents with Polynesian amelogenesis imperfecta.

Introduction: Amelogenesis Imperfecta (AI) is a hereditary developmental disorder of tooth enamel with few known variants with differing characteristics, depending on where in the amelogenesis process an error has occurred. Polynesian AI (or Poly AI) is prevalent among people of Polynesian descent and is prevalent among New Zealand Māori. While the impact of AI on the quality of life has been reported in some studies, however, the role of Poly AI on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) is not known.

Systemic Sirolimus Therapy Is Associated With Reduced Intervention Frequency in Pulmonary Vein Stenosis.

Background: Early clinical outcomes data for adjunctive systemic sirolimus therapy (SST) for moderate to severe pediatric pulmonary vein stenosis (PVS) are promising but limited.

Objectives: The authors aimed to characterize a cohort of patients treated with SST to determine if SST was associated with a reduction in frequency of PVS interventions.

Methods: Medical records of 45 patients with PVS treated with SST for ≥1 month from 2015 to 2022 were retrospectively reviewed.

Targeted Circulating Lipid Mediators and Immune Cell Gene Transcripts After ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction.

Residual inflammation drives atherogenesis to atherosclerosis and myocardial infarction, which triggers acute inflammation. In preclinical studies, polyunsaturated fatty acids-derived specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) have been shown to promote recovery after MI, in contrast to pro-inflammatory lipid mediators (PIMs). However, the dynamic changes of lipid mediators after ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), particularly after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and respective gene transcripts, are poorly understood.

Iliopsoas Abscess Mimicking a Lower Motor Neuron Lesion: A Diagnostic Challenge.

Iliopsoas abscess is a rare infection that presents with a triad of fever, back pain, and hip pain. However, due to the anatomical proximity of the psoas muscle to various structures, an abscess in this region can manifest with nonspecific symptoms, leading to potential misdiagnosis and delayed diagnosis, which can be fatal. We report a case of a 54-year-old female who presented to the emergency department with right-sided flank pain and symptoms resembling lower motor neuron disorder.

Integration of lipidomics with targeted, single cell, and spatial transcriptomics defines an unresolved pro-inflammatory state in colon cancer.

Background: Over a century ago, Virchow proposed that cancer represents a chronically inflamed, poorly healing wound. Normal wound healing is represented by a transitory phase of inflammation, followed by a pro-resolution phase, with prostaglandin (PGE2/PGD2)-induced 'lipid class switching' producing inflammation-quenching lipoxins (LXA4, LXB4).

Objective: We explored if lipid dysregulation in colorectal cancers (CRCs) is driven by a failure to resolve inflammation.

A Single-Center Cross-Sectional Observational Study on Dermoscopy of Genital Mucosal Disorders in a Tertiary Care Center in Central India.

Introduction: Dermoscopy of mucosa is known as mucoscopy. Mucoscopy can aid in delineating minute aspects of mucosal lesions and will guide in the differentiation of similar-looking lesions. To date, there are only a few studies on mucoscopy of genital dermatoses especially from India.

Maxillomandibular Fixation Verses Open Reduction and Internal Fixation in Mandibular Fractures-Effect on Pulmonary Functions.

Introduction: Mandibular fractures have significant influence on oropharyngeal and laryngopharyngeal portions of the upper airway. They can be managed by MMF or ORIF.

Aim & Objectives: To quantify and compare the effects of MMF with ORIF on the pulmonary functions of the patients undergoing treatment for mandibular fractures.