An active electronic, high-density epidural paddle array for chronic spinal cord neuromodulation.

Epidural electrical stimulation (EES) has shown promise as both a clinical therapy and research tool for studying nervous system function. However, available clinical EES paddles are limited to using a small number of contacts due to the burden of wires necessary to connect each contact to the therapeutic delivery device, limiting the treatment area or density of epidural electrode arrays. We aimed to eliminate this burden using advanced on-paddle electronics.

Solar energy policies in southeast Asia towards low carbon emission: A review.

Globally, countries are developing policies and encouraging the implementation of sustainable energy resources to reduce the harmful effects of fossil fuels on the environment and energy-related CO emissions. In 2019, global energy-related CO emissions increased by 1.8% to a new high of 33.

Fast inference of spinal neuromodulation for motor control using amortized neural networks.

Epidural electrical stimulation (EES) has emerged as an approach to restore motor function following spinal cord injury (SCI). However, identifying optimal EES parameters presents a significant challenge due to the complex and stochastic nature of muscle control and the combinatorial explosion of possible parameter configurations. Here, we describe a machine-learning approach that leverages modern deep neural networks to learn bidirectional mappings between the space of permissible EES parameters and target motor outputs.

Likelihood approximation networks (LANs) for fast inference of simulation models in cognitive neuroscience.

In cognitive neuroscience, computational modeling can formally adjudicate between theories and affords quantitative fits to behavioral/brain data. Pragmatically, however, the space of plausible generative models considered is dramatically limited by the set of models with known likelihood functions. For many models, the lack of a closed-form likelihood typically impedes Bayesian inference methods.

Discriminating between sleep and exercise-induced fatigue using computer vision and behavioral genetics.

Following prolonged swimming, cycle between active swimming bouts and inactive quiescent bouts. Swimming is exercise for and here we suggest that inactive bouts are a recovery state akin to fatigue. It is known that cGMP-dependent kinase (PKG) activity plays a conserved role in sleep, rest, and arousal.

Synthesis of green marine algal-based biochar for remediation of arsenic(V) from contaminated waters in batch and column mode of operation.

The sorption behavior of biochar derived from green seaweed () toward arsenic(V) ions was explored in both batch and continuous modes. The pH edge experiments indicated optimum arsenic(V) sorption observed at pH 4, with maximum sorptional capacity of 7.67 mg/g through isotherm experiments.

Fully automated leg tracking of Drosophila neurodegeneration models reveals distinct conserved movement signatures.

Some neurodegenerative diseases, like Parkinsons Disease (PD) and Spinocerebellar ataxia 3 (SCA3), are associated with distinct, altered gait and tremor movements that are reflective of the underlying disease etiology. Drosophila melanogaster models of neurodegeneration have illuminated our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of disease. However, it is unknown whether specific gait and tremor dysfunctions also occur in fly disease mutants.

Green alga-mediated treatment process for removal of zinc from synthetic solution and industrial effluent.

The present work explored biosorption of Zn(II) ions from aqueous and zinc-bearing factory effluent using marine seaweed Ulva lactuca. The batch pH edge experiments using aqueous zinc solution indicated that Zn(II) uptake by U. lactuca was found to be maximum at pH 4.

Emergent rules for codon choice elucidated by editing rare arginine codons in Escherichia coli.

The degeneracy of the genetic code allows nucleic acids to encode amino acid identity as well as noncoding information for gene regulation and genome maintenance. The rare arginine codons AGA and AGG (AGR) present a case study in codon choice, with AGRs encoding important transcriptional and translational properties distinct from the other synonymous alternatives (CGN). We created a strain of Escherichia coli with all 123 instances of AGR codons removed from all essential genes.

Use of provider-based complementary and alternative medicine by adult smokers in the United States: Comparison from the 2002 and 2007 NHIS survey.

Purpose: To provide a snapshot of provider-based complementary and alternative medicine (pbCAM) use among adult smokers and assess the opportunity for these providers to deliver tobacco cessation interventions.

Design: Cross-sectional analysis of data from the 2002 and 2007 National Health Interview Surveys.

Setting: Nationally representative sample.

Prediction of biosorption efficiency for the removal of copper(II) using artificial neural networks.

Various low-cost adsorbents have been used for removing Cu(II) ions from aqueous solutions for the treatment of copper containing wastewaters to remove organic compounds and color. Sawdust is an impressive adsorbent in terms of adsorption efficiency, cost and availability; hence the use of sawdust as biosorbent has been widely studied. Many earlier investigations tried to correlate the experimental data with available models or some modified empirical equations, but these results were unable to predict the values of parameters from a single equation.