Synergistic Effect of Nickel Hydroxide/Hexagonal Boron Nitride Hybrid: An Efficient Electrocatalyst for Detecting 5-Fluorouracil in Human Blood Serum.

5-Fluorouracil (5-Fu) is the third-most often used chemotherapeutic medication and has been scientifically demonstrated to be effective in treating solid tumors, including colorectal, stomach, cutaneous, and breast cancers. When used in excess, it accumulates toxic metabolites, which can have deadly and very harmful effects on people, including neurotoxicity and the induction of morbidity. Therefore, sensitive and rapid analytical techniques for detecting 5-Fu in human blood serum are needed to enhance chemotherapy and forecast the possible adverse effects of 5-Fu residues in the human body.

Biosorption of halophilic fungal melanized membrane - PUR/melanin polymer for heavy metal detoxification with electrospinning technology.

Eradication of heavy metal pollution has become the prime priority over the conservation of water resources in the upcoming era. Herein, the study involved the halophilic fungal melanin from showed a promising biosorbent for the removal of toxic heavy metals which shows eco-friendly, cost-effective, high stability, and adsorbent efficiency. Polyurethane blended with fungal melanin polymers, makes polymeric nanofibrous membranes through electrospinning techniques.

Cu(II) Coordination Polymers Containing Mixed Ligands with Different Flexibilities: Structural Diversity and Iodine Adsorption.

Reactions of '-(3-methylpyridyl)oxalamide (), ,'-(3-methylpyridyl)adipoamide () and ,'-(3-methylpyridyl)sebacoamide () with tricarboxylic acids and Cu(II) salts afforded {[Cu()(1,3,5-HBTC)]·HO} (1,3,5-HBTC = 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid), , {[Cu()(1,3,5-BTC)(HO)]·6.5HO}, , [Cu()(1,3,5-HBTB)] (1,3,5-HBTB = 1,3,5-tri(4-carboxyphenyl)benzene), , [Cu()(OH)(1,3,5-BTC)], , {[Cu()(1,3,5-BTB)]·2.5MeOH·2HO}, , and {[Cu()(1,3,5-BTB) ]·DMF·2HO}, , which have been structurally characterized by using single crystal X-ray crystallography.

Uncovering hidden treasures: Mapping morphological changes in the differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells to osteoblasts using deep learning.

Deep Learning (DL) is becoming an increasingly popular technology being employed in life sciences research due to its ability to perform complex and time-consuming tasks with significantly greater speed, accuracy, and reproducibility than human researchers - allowing them to dedicate their time to more complex tasks. One potential application of DL is to analyze cell images taken by microscopes. Quantitative analysis of cell microscopy images remain a challenge - with manual cell characterization requiring excessive amounts of time and effort.

Effect of Bicycle Ergometer Training and Nordic Walking Training on Improving Functional Exercise Capacity in Asthma Patients.

Introduction Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition characterized by inflammation of the airway leading to breathlessness. Exercise training has been recognized as a valuable component in the management of asthma, enhancing lung function and overall well-being. Bicycle ergometer training and Nordic walking are two distinct forms of exercise that have been shown to improve cardiovascular fitness and respiratory function.

Exploiting Indian landraces to develop biofortified grain sorghum with high protein and minerals.

Sorghum ( L. Moench) is the staple cereal and is the primary source of protein for millions of people in Asia and sub-Saharan Africa. Sorghum grain value has been increasing in tropical countries including India owing to its gluten-free nature, anti-oxidant properties and low glycemic index.

Crystal plane-integrated strontium oxide/hexagonal boron nitride nanohybrids for rapid electrochemical sensing of anticancer drugs in human blood serum samples.

In this work, the crystal plane of strontium oxide (SrO) nanorods was integrated into hexagonal-boron nitride (h-BN) nanosheets to form 1D-2D (SrO/h-BN) composite were utilized for the electrochemical detection of the chemotherapeutic drug 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu). 5-Fu is a clinically proven and the third most frequently applied chemotherapeutic drug for treating solid tumours, such as colorectal, stomach, cutaneous and breast malignancies. Its overdoses lead to toxic metabolite accumulation that has serious adverse consequences on humans, including neurotoxicity, death and the induction of morbidity.

Current advancements and prospects of enzymatic and non-enzymatic electrochemical glucose sensors.

This review discusses the most current developments and future perspectives in enzymatic and non-enzymatic glucose sensors, which have notably evolved over the preceding quadrennial period. Furthermore, a thorough exploration encompassed the sensor's intricate fabrication processes, the diverse range of materials employed, the underlying principles of detection, and an in-depth assessment of the sensors' efficacy in detecting glucose levels within essential bodily fluids such as human blood serums, urine, saliva, and interstitial fluids. It is worth noting that the accurate quantification of glucose concentrations within human blood has been effectively achieved by utilizing classical enzymatic sensors harmoniously integrated with optical and electrochemical transduction mechanisms.

Melanin biopolymers from microbial world with future perspectives-a review.

Melanin is an amorphous polymer made of heterogeneous functional groups synthesized by diverse organisms including fungi, bacteria, animals, and plants. It was widely acknowledged for its biological processes and its key role in the protection of organisms from environmental stress. Recently, melanin clutches attention in the field of nanobiotechnology, drug delivery, organic semiconductors and bioelectronics, environmental bioremediation, photoprotection, etc.

Rice biofortification: breeding and genomic approaches for genetic enhancement of grain zinc and iron contents.

Rice is a highly consumed staple cereal cultivated predominantly in Asian countries, which share 90% of global rice production. Rice is a primary calorie provider for more than 3.5 billion people across the world.

Genetic and genomic interventions in crop biofortification: Examples in millets.

Micronutrient malnutrition is a serious threat to the developing world's human population, which largely relies on a cereal-based diet that lacks diversity and micronutrients. Besides major cereals, millets represent the key sources of energy, protein, vitamins, and minerals for people residing in the dryland tropics and drought-prone areas of South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa. Millets serve as multi-purpose crops with several salient traits including tolerance to abiotic stresses, adaptation to diverse agro-ecologies, higher productivity in nutrient-poor soils, and rich nutritional characteristics.

Metal and Ligand Effect on the Structural Diversity of Divalent Coordination Polymers with Mixed Ligands: Evaluation for Photodegradation.

Eight coordination polymers constructed from divalent metal salts, -bis(pyridin-3-ylmethyl)terephthalamide (), and various dicarboxylic acids are reported, affording [Co()(5-ter-IPA)(HO)] (5-tert-HIPA = 5-tert-butylisophthalic acid), , {[Co()(5-NO-IPA)]⋅2HO} (5-NO-HIPA = 5-nitroisophthalic acid), , {[Co()(5-NH-IPA)]⋅MeOH} (5-NH-HIPA = 5-aminoisophthalic acid), , {[Co()(MBA)]⋅2HO} (HMBA = diphenylmethane-4,4'-dicarboxylic acid), , {[Co()(SDA)]⋅HO} (HSDA = 4,4-sulfonyldibenzoic acid), , {[Co()(1,4-NDC)(HO)]⋅5HO} (1,4-HNDC = naphthalene-1,4-dicarboxylic acid), , {[Cd()(1,4-NDC)(HO)]⋅2HO}, , and {[Zn()(1,4-NDC)]⋅2HO}, , which were structurally characterized by using single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The structural types of - are subject to the metal and ligand identities, showing a 2D layer with the , a 3D framework with the , a 2D layer with the , a polycatenation of 2-fold interpenetrated 2D layer with the , a 2-fold interpenetrated 2D layer with the 2,6L1, a 3D framework with the , a 2D layer with the 2,4L1, and a 2D layer with the (10⋅12)(10)(4⋅10⋅12)(4) topologies, respectively. The investigation on the photodegradation of methylene blue (MB) by using complexes - reveals that the degradation efficiency may increase with increasing surface areas.

synthesis of polythiophene encapsulated 2D hexagonal boron nitride nanocomposite based electrochemical transducer for detection of 5-fluorouracil with high selectivity.

It is difficult for the scientific community to develop a nonenzymatic sensing platform for extremely sensitive and selective detection of specific biomolecules, antibiotics, food adulterants, heavy metals, One of the most significant chemotherapy drugs, 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu), which is used to treat solid malignancies, has a fluorine atom in the fifth position of the uracil molecule. Recognizing the secure and effective dosing of drugs for chemotherapy continues to be a critical concern in cancer disease management. The maintenance of the optimal 5-Fu concentration is dependent on the presence of 5-Fu in biofluids.

Development of a new AgriSeq 4K mid-density SNP genotyping panel and its utility in pearl millet breeding.

Pearl millet is a crucial nutrient-rich staple food in Asia and Africa and adapted to the climate of semi-arid topics. Since the genomic resources in pearl millet are very limited, we have developed a brand-new mid-density 4K SNP panel and demonstrated its utility in genetic studies. A set of 4K SNPs were mined from 925 whole-genome sequences through a comprehensive in-silico pipeline.

Combining ability studies of grain Fe and Zn contents of pearl millet ( L.) in West Africa.

Micronutrient malnutrition is a major challenge in Africa, where half a million children die each year because of lack of micronutrients in their food. Pearl millet is an important food and fodder crop for the people living in the Semi-Arid regions of West Africa. The present study was conducted to determine the stability, combining ability, and gene action conditions of the high level of Fe and Zn content in grain and selected agronomic traits.

India's rainfed sorghum improvement: Three decades of genetic gain assessment for yield, grain quality, grain mold and shoot fly resistance.

Sorghum is a climate-resilient cereal and staple food crop for more than 200 million people in arid and semi-arid countries of Asia and Africa. Despite the economic importance, the productivity of sorghum in India is constrained by biotic and abiotic stresses such as incidences of shoot fly, grain mold and drought. Indian sorghum breeding focused on dual-purpose (grain and fodder), short-duration varieties with multiple resistance/tolerance to pests and diseases and improved nutritional quality (high protein, iron and zinc and low fat).

Identification of iron and zinc responsive genes in pearl millet using genome-wide RNA-sequencing approach.

Pearl millet ( L.), an important source of iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) for millions of families in dryland tropics, helps in eradicating micronutrient malnutrition. The crop is rich in Fe and Zn, therefore, identification of the key genes operating the mineral pathways is an important step to accelerate the development of biofortified cultivars.

Determination of urea, phosphate, and potassium in agricultural runoff waters using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy.

Large-scale use of chemical fertilizers has resulted in the contamination of agricultural runoff waters by soil macronutrients NPK, whose detection is of significant interest. This work reports the determination of macronutrients in the form of urea (N), orthophosphate PO (P), and potassium K (K) in simulated agricultural runoff waters. Their solutions were prepared by extracting water-soluble constituents of soil.

Identification of Candidate Genes Regulating Drought Tolerance in Pearl Millet.

Pearl millet is an important crop of the arid and semi-arid ecologies to sustain food and fodder production. The greater tolerance to drought stress attracts us to examine its cellular and molecular mechanisms via functional genomics approaches to augment the grain yield. Here, we studied the drought response of 48 inbreds representing four different maturity groups at the flowering stage.

Breeding Drought-Tolerant Pearl Millet Using Conventional and Genomic Approaches: Achievements and Prospects.

Pearl millet [ (L.) R. Br.

Association of Grain Iron and Zinc Content With Other Nutrients in Pearl Millet Germplasm, Breeding Lines, and Hybrids.

Micronutrient deficiency is most prevalent in developing regions of the world, including Africa and Southeast Asia where pearl millet ( L.) is a major crop. Increasing essential minerals in pearl millet through biofortification could reduce malnutrition caused by deficiency.