The Role of Neoadjuvant and Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Pancreatic Cancer.

Pancreatic cancer is an aggressive malignancy. Recurrences are very high despite high-quality surgery necessitating adjuvant therapy. The evolution of adjuvant therapy took several decades and gradually evolved from single-agent chemotherapy to multi-agent chemotherapy.

Characteristics, management and outcomes of primary hyperparathyroidism from 2009 to 2021: a single centre report from South Africa.

Background: There has been a notable shift towards the diagnosis of less severe and asymptomatic primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) in developed countries. However, there is a paucity of recent data from sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), and also, no reported data from SSA on the utility of intra-operative parathyroid hormone (IO-PTH) monitoring. In an earlier study from Inkosi Albert Luthuli Central Hospital (IALCH), Durban, South Africa (2003-2009), majority of patients (92.

Resurgence of Shoshin beriberi during the COVID-19 pandemic.

This report describes two patients who presented with severe type B lactic acidosis and shock, initially thought to be due to bowel ischaemia/myocardial infarction and pulmonary sepsis, respectively. This led to a delay in the diagnosis of thiamine deficiency. In both cases there was a dramatic response to intravenous thiamine, confirming the diagnosis of Shoshin beriberi.

Deep learning-based single-shot prediction of differential effects of anti-VEGF treatment in patients with diabetic macular edema.

Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) agents are widely regarded as the first line of therapy for diabetic macular edema (DME) but are not universally effective. An automatic method that can predict whether a patient is likely to respond to anti-VEGF therapy can avoid unnecessary trial and error treatment strategies and promote the selection of more effective first-line therapies. The objective of this study is to automatically predict the efficacy of anti-VEGF treatment of DME in individual patients based on optical coherence tomography (OCT) images.

Detection of clinically relevant epidermal growth factor receptor pathway mutations in circulating cell-free tumor DNA using next generation sequencing in squamous cell carcinoma lung.

Background: Limited repertoires of targets are available in the management of squamous cell carcinoma lung. In this study, we analyzed epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), RAS, BRAF mutations in lung cancer patients of squamous cell histology using next-generation sequencing (NGS) on the circulating cell-free DNA (cf-DNA).

Materials And Methods: In this prospective observational study, patients with squamous cell carcinoma lung, either newly diagnosed or having a progressive disease on prior therapy were eligible.

Standard operating procedure for audio visual recording of informed consent: an initiative to facilitate regulatory compliance.

The office of the Drugs Controller General (India) vide order dated 19 th November 2013 has made audio visual (AV) recording of the informed consent mandatory for the conduct of all clinical trials in India. We therefore developed a standard operating procedure (SOP) to ensure that this is performed in compliance with the regulatory requirements, internationally accepted ethical standards and that the recording is stored as well as archived in an appropriate manner. The SOP was developed keeping in mind all relevant orders, regulations, laws and guidelines and have been made available online.

Interaction of Sesbania mosaic virus (SeMV) RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) with the p10 domain of polyprotein 2a and its implications in SeMV replication.

Identification of viral encoded proteins that interact with RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) is an important step towards unraveling the mechanism of replication. Sesbania mosaic virus (SeMV) RdRp was shown to interact strongly with p10 domain of polyprotein 2a and moderately with the protease domain. Mutational analysis suggested that the C-terminal disordered domain of RdRp is involved in the interaction with p10.

Sesbania mosaic virus (SeMV) infectious clone: possible mechanism of 3' and 5' end repair and role of polyprotein processing in viral replication.

Sesbania mosaic virus (SeMV) is a positive stranded RNA virus belonging to the genus Sobemovirus. Construction of an infectious clone is an essential step for deciphering the virus gene functions in vivo. Using Agrobacterium based transient expression system we show that SeMV icDNA is infectious on Sesbania grandiflora and Cyamopsis tetragonoloba plants.

Management of primary and metastatic triple negative breast cancer: perceptions of oncologists from India.

Background: In order to document the understanding of current evidence for the management of triple negative breast cancer and application of this knowledge in daily practice, we conducted an interactive survey of practicing Indian oncologists.

Materials And Methods: A core group of academic oncologists devised two hypothetical triple negative cases (metastatic and early breast cancer, respectively) and multiple choice options under different clinical circumstances. The respondents were practicing oncologists in different Indian cities who participated in either an online survey or a meeting.

Primer-independent initiation of RNA synthesis by SeMV recombinant RNA-dependent RNA polymerase.

Sesbania mosaic virus (SeMV), a single-strand positive-sense RNA plant virus, belongs to the genus Sobemoviruses. Mechanism of replication in Sobemoviruses is poorly understood. In the present study, SeMV RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) was overexpressed and purified as a thioredoxin-tagged protein.

Malignant myelomatous pleural effusion-Is onset of effusion a new prognostic factor?

Malignant pleural effusion in myeloma (MMPE) is a rare terminal event; with a median survival is four months. All the patients usually have multiple poor prognostic factors and none of them (like beta 2-microglobulin, karyotype, Stage of disease, C-reactive protein etc.) correctly predicts the survival.