Publications by authors named "Goulle J"

Cannabidiol (CBD) is a phytocannabinoid present in cannabis, obtained either by extraction from the plant or by synthesis. The latter has the advantage of being pure and contains few impurities, unlike CBD of plant origin. It is used by inhalation, ingestion or skin application.

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  • The French authorities requested recommendations for screening and managing exposure to inorganic arsenic (iAs) for the population, leading to a review of existing literature on the indicators of exposure and effects in France.
  • Evaluating the toxicity of iAs involved examining studies from the past 30 years, including recent literature from 2016 to 2019.
  • The recommended biomonitoring indicator for iAs exposure is a specific urine concentration measurement, with set limits indicating overexposure; no biological indicators for early health effects exist, but skin issues like hyperpigmentation are noted as early signs of harm.
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As the medical use of so-called "therapeutic cannabis" is in the process of being approved in France, the opening to its recreational use is the next logical step, as it has been always the chronology followed in all countries. Indeed, those who have legalized the drug have previously approved its therapeutic use. This "justifying a project phase" stage seems unavoidable.

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French people have never been so wary about vaccines. The use of aluminum salts in vaccine adjuvants to enhance effectiveness is one of the major reasons for this lack of confidence. The direct toxicity of aluminum is often put forward.

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Background: Silver-containing dressings are considered to be safe even though there have been some reports of complications, including argyria and various organ system dysfunctions. Despite the widespread use of silver dressings, little research has been done regarding the absorption and toxicity of silver.

Objective: We aimed to study the systemic absorption of silver in patients with chronic inflammatory wounds and to determine associated factors of systemic silver absorption and evaluated its association with silver toxicity.

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Objective: This case control study assessed: 1) the relationship of systemic sclerosis (SSc) related to exposure to heavy metals; and 2) the risk of SSc related to occupational exposure in male and female patients.

Methods: From 2005 to 2008, 100 patients with a definite diagnosis of SSc were included in the study; 3 age, gender, and smoking habit matched controls were selected for each patient. All SSc patients and controls underwent detection and quantification of heavy metal traces in hair samples, using multi-element inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS).

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Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is the main psychoactive ingredient of cannabis, a drug which is commonly smoked This paper focuses on the pharmacokinetics of THC. The average THC content in cannabis plant material has risen by a factor offour over the past 20 years, from 4% to 16%. This increase has important implications not only for the pharmacokinetics but also for the pharmacology of THC The mean bioavailability of THC in smoked cannabis is about 25%.

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In recent years, special emphasis has been put on heavy metals. Children are very sensitive to accumulation of metals. Furthermore, as regards elements, the reference values in children are scarce in the literature as it is difficult to obtain the large quantity of blood necessary to analyze many metals by the conventional atomic absorption spectrometry technique.

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Metopimazine (MPZ) is an antiemetic considered as a currently used drug. In France, it has become the leading antiemetic mediator due to its good tolerance, however, its pharmacokinetics has never previously been studied in children. MPZ was administered by oral route to 8 children with a single dose of 0.

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  • Some drugs can impair driving abilities by affecting vision, hearing, and coordination, leading to issues like sedation and balance problems.
  • Both doctors and pharmacists are responsible for informing patients about the potential risks of medication on driving and machinery operation.
  • Medicinal products often have pictograms to indicate their risk levels for driving, ranging from "be prudent" to "do not drive," but this does not account for individual differences or specific health conditions.
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Alcohol is a licit substance whose significant consumption is responsible for a major public health problem. Every year, a large number of deaths are related to its consumption. It is also involved in various accidents, on the road, at work, as well as during acts of violence.

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  • Metal and metalloid exposure is unavoidable in daily life and can lead to toxicity in humans.
  • Recent advancements in analytical techniques have shifted from older methods to more sophisticated multi-element techniques, particularly inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS).
  • ICP-MS is crucial in clinical and forensic toxicology for analyzing various biological samples, including blood, urine, and tissues, to assess metal toxicity in humans.
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Lethal occurrence is exceptional after disopyramide or mianserin poisoning. A case of intentional lethal intoxication with these drugs was reported, as well as a review of the literature. Pre- and postmortem blood concentrations of disopyramide or mianserin were assessed in a woman who died from acute cardiac failure after ingestion.

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Neuroblastoma malignant cell growth is dependent on their undifferentiated status. Arsenic trioxide (As2O3) induces neuroblastoma cell differentiation in vitro, but its mechanisms still remains unknown. We used three human neuroblastoma cell lines (SH-SY5Y, IGR-N-91, LAN-1) that differ from their MYCN and p53 status to explore the intracellular events activated by As2O3 and involved in neurite outgrowth, a morphological marker of differentiation.

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  • The contribution of pharmaceuticals from hospitals to wastewater was minimal (below 1%), with most contamination coming from municipal sources.
  • To mitigate harmful waste discharge into the River Seine, an effective pharmaceutical treatment process is necessary at municipal plants, and the HPLC-MS/MS method can aid in optimizing this wastewater treatment.
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In 2003, we simultaneously quantified 27 metals by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) in the whole blood, plasma and urine of 100 healthy volunteers. We again determined the metallic profile in whole blood and plasma during 2012. ICP-MS validated multielementary method was performed for metals in whole blood and plasma.

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Thirty-four metals were analyzed by ICP-MS. Among these elements, anthropogenic silver, gadolinium and platinum, were representative markers of medical activities in hospital and urban wastewater. On working days, median hospital wastewater concentrations for anthropogenic silver, gadolinium, and platinum were approximately three, 13 and 27 times higher respectively than the Municipal wastewater.

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In France, workplace testing of drugs of abuse and psychotropic drugs is rarely performed; meanwhile it is a major public health problem. Furthermore, France is the European country that has been associated with the highest increase of the use of drugs of abuse, particularly cannabis. So workplace biological screening of drugs of abuse and of psychotropic drugs exposure is of major concern.

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