Cognitive changes in post-stroke depression patients undergoing treatment with transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS): an exploratory, ancillary analysis of a randomized, sham-controlled clinical trial.

Objective: Post-stroke depression (PSD) affects approximately 40% of stroke survivors, with cognitive deficits being frequently observed. Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) has shown promise in improving cognitive performance in stroke patients. We explored the effects of tDCS on cognitive performance in PSD.

Level of Necrosis in Feline Mammary Tumors: How to Quantify, Why and for What Purpose?

Necrosis is a common finding in human and animal neoplasms. The percentage of tumor necrosis is included in tumor grading schemes in veterinary oncology; however, evaluation methods are often overlooked. Different studies have assessed the prognostic value of tumor necrosis in feline mammary tumors with contradictory results, which could be related to methodologic variability.

Global voices on atrial fibrillation management: Brazil.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) and stroke are prevalent conditions worldwide, and the AF burden is expected to concentrate in low- and middle-income countries like Brazil. The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence-funded Global Health Research Group on Atrial Fibrillation Management (GHRG-AF) had a Brazilian arm that addressed AF epidemiology and care in Brazil. GHRG-AF analyzed data from the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil), a long-term cohort of 15,105 middle-aged adults in Brazil, focused on cardiovascular disease and diabetes.

Associations of comorbid headache disorders and depression with leisure-time physical activity among 14,088 adults in The Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health.

Background: While headache disorders are linked to low physical activity levels, the impact of depression on this relationship is unclear.

Objective: To assess how single and comorbid diagnoses of migraine and tension-type headache (TTH) interact with depression and leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) levels in The Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil).

Methods: In this cross-sectional analysis based on the ELSA-Brasil baseline data, the relationship of migraine, TTH (both assessed with the International Classification of Headache Disorders, Second Edition), and depression (assessed with the Clinical Interview Schedule-Revised) with LTPA levels (International Physical Activity Questionnaire) was investigated by employing linear regression models.

Higher Ultraprocessed Food Consumption Is Associated With Depression Persistence and Higher Risk of Depression Incidence in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health.

Background: Ultraprocessed foods (UPF) consumption has been associated with depression risk, but its association with depression persistence is unclear.

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the association of UPF consumption with depression persistence and incidence.

Design: The Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health is a multicenter prospective cohort study with 3 waves (2008-2010, 2012-2014, and 2017-2019).

Negative life events and depression by gender in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brazil).

Objective: Gender differences may interfere with the association between Negative Life Events (NLEs) and prevalent/incident depression. This study evaluated the effect of gender in this association using data from the ELSA-Brazil cohort.

Methods: The authors analyzed 15,088 participants (mean age, 52.

The effect of age on the relationship between negative life events and current and new depressive episodes: results from the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil).

Background: There is scarce data concerning the relationship between negative life events (NLEs)* and current and new depressive episodes by age.

Methods: Cross-sectional (baseline) and prospective analyses (4-year/8-year follow-ups) were performed in 15,105 civil servants in 6 cities in Brazil classified according to age strata at baseline: 1st(35-44), 2nd(45-54), 3rd(55-64), and 4th(65-74) years. The independent variable was NLEs in the last year (robbery, hospitalization, death of a relative, financial hardship, and rupture of a love relationship) collected at baseline.

Barriers and facilitators for the sexual and reproductive health and rights of displaced Venezuelan adolescent girls in Brazil.

Background: The crisis in Venezuela has forced almost eight million people to flee to mainly neighbouring countries, including Brazil. Half of the displaced Venezuelans are women and girls, with adolescent girls facing distinctive challenges to their sexual and reproductive health during displacement and settlement. The aim of this study is to understand the barriers and facilitators for the sexual and reproductive health of adolescent Venezuelan girls residing in Brazil.

Peripheral and brainstem auditory evaluation in post-COVID-19 individuals.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the peripheral and central auditory pathways in adult individuals after COVID-19 infection.

Method: A total of 44 individuals aged between 19 and 58 years, of both genders, post-COVID-19 infection, confirmed by serological tests, with no previous hearing complaints and no risk factors for hearing loss, were assessed. All the participants underwent the following procedures: pure tone audiometry, logoaudiometry, immitanciometry, and Brainstem Auditory Evoked Potentials (BAEP), in addition to answering a questionnaire about auditory symptoms.

Testosterone leads to Trypanosoma cruzi glycoprotein synthesis and increased of inflammatory mediators in bone marrow-derived macrophages.

Despite all the scientific progress in recent decades to unravel the immune processes and the way the parasite bypasses the immune system, Chagas disease is still a major public health problem, affecting an estimated 3.5 million people. Among the components that may participate in the response against the parasite, testosterone has been gaining more and more visibility.

Liquid-liquid and solid-liquid extractions with low-temperature partitioning - A review.

The paper represents the first review of solvent extraction techniques utilizing the low-temperature partitioning/purification (LTP) approach. Initially conceived in the 1960s to purify extracts from fatty matrices, it wasn't until the 2000s that this approach received increasing attention for its efficacy in extracting organic compounds from diverse samples, often without additional cleanup steps. This review covers a brief history and proposes a mechanism for LTP-based solvent extraction.

The impact of methylene blue in colon cancer: a retrospective multicentric study.

Introduction: Discussions about the optimal lymph node (LN) count and its therapeutic consequences have persisted over time. The final LN count in colorectal tissues is affected by a variety of variables (patient, tumor, operation, pathologist, immune response). Methylene blue (MB) intra-arterial injection is a simple and inexpensive procedure that can be used to enhance lymph node count.

Distribution of Inflammatory Infiltrate in Feline Mammary Lesions: Relationship With Clinicopathological Features.

Inflammation is a frequent finding in feline mammary neoplasms. Recent research suggests that the presence and location of tumour-associated immune cells might play a significant role in the clinical outcome of feline mammary carcinomas. The present study aimed to characterise the overall inflammatory infiltrates in healthy, hyperplastic/dysplastic, benign and malignant lesions of the feline mammary gland, and to evaluate its association with clinicopathological features.

Does physical activity and inflammation mediate the job stress-headache relationship? A sequential mediation analysis in the ELSA-Brasil study.

Background: Evidence indicates that physical activity reduces stress and promote a myriad of health-enhancing effects through anti-inflammatory mechanisms. However, it is unknown whether these mechanisms interfere in the association between psychosocial job stress and headache disorders.

Objective: To test whether physical activity and its interplay with the systemic inflammation biomarkers high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and acute phase glycoproteins (GlycA) would mediate the associations between job stress and headache disorders.

Understanding How Green Space Naturalness Impacts Public Well-Being: Prospects for Designing Healthier Cities.

: Urbanization has brought significant advancements in human well-being; however, it poses challenges to urban green spaces (UGSs), affecting environmental quality and public health. : Previous studies have established the importance of UGSs for urban well-being but have not sufficiently explored how the naturalness of these spaces-ranging from untouched natural areas to human-designed landscapes-affects mental health outcomes in the context of developing countries, particularly Brazil. : This study aimed to bridge the research gap by investigating the relationship between the degree of naturalness in UGSs and mental health among residents of Brazilian metropolitan areas.

Associations of TSH, free T3, free T4, and conversion ratio with incident hypertension: results from the prospective Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil).

Objective: To evaluate the association of TSH, free T3 (FT3), free T4 (FT4), and conversion (FT3:FT4) ratio values with incident hypertension.

Materials And Methods: The study included data from participants of the ELSA-Brasil study without baseline hypertension. Serum TSH, FT4 and FT3 levels, and FT3:FT4 ratio values were assessed at baseline, and incident hypertension (defined by blood pressure levels ≥ 140/90 mmHg) was estimated over a median of 8.

Visual scanning of social stimuli in preterm and autism spectrum disorder children.

Objective: To evaluate the pattern of eye-gaze of preterm (PT), autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and neurotypical (Ty) children.

Methods: A cross-sectional study with eight preterm (born with ≤2000 g weight), nine ASD and five Ty male children, between six and nine years old, was performed. The eye gaze was evaluated presenting a board with a couple in social interaction, and a video with four children playing with blocks, projected in a screen computer, successively, evaluating the time that the children looked at each stimulus.

Nutritional strategies cause memory damage and alter biochemical parameters without causing neuroinflammation.

Obesity results from an energy imbalance and has been considered an epidemic due to its increasing rates worldwide. It is classified as a low-grade chronic inflammatory disease and has associated comorbidities. Different nutritional strategies are used for the purpose of weight loss, highlighting low-carbohydrate (LC) diets, ketogenic diets, and intermittent fasting (IF).

The impact of methylene blue in colorectal cancer: Systematic review and meta-analysis study.

Purpose: In patients with colorectal cancer (CRC), the most important factor to decide the need of adjuvant chemotherapy is the histological lymph node (LN) evaluation. Our work aimed to give a broad view over the use of methylene blue and its consequences in the number of lymph node harvest.

Methods: PUBMED, WEB OF SCIENCE and EMBASE databases were consulted, retrieving clinical trials, which mentioned the used of intra-arterial methylene blue in patients with colorectal cancer.

Correlations between COVID-19 cases and temperature, air humidity, and social isolating rate with cross wavelet transform and wavelet coherence: Case study of New York and São Paulo cities.

The COVID-19 pandemic originated in 2019 and has become an endemic disease that we must learn to live with, similar to other strains of influenza. The Organization (WHO) declared on May 5, 2023, in Geneva, Switzerland, the end of the Public Health Emergency of International Concern regarding COVID-19. As vaccines become more widely available and the pandemic appears to be improved, our focus shifts to the challenges we still face.