Amino acid and energy digestibility of protein sources for growing pigs.

Two experiments were conducted to determine the apparent ileal digestibility (AID) and standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of AA and DE, and to estimate ME and NE of rice protein concentrate, salmon protein hydrolysate, whey protein concentrate, and spray-dried plasma protein. In Exp. 1, 6 barrows (initially 29.

African histoplasmosis in a Belgian AIDS patient.

We describe an African histoplasmosis case in a 65-year-old Belgian living in Zaire for 46 years. Microscopic bone marrow examination showed Histoplasma. It was confirmed by cultures and hamster inoculation.

Flat preparations of ocular structures.

We employ a technique which has been used for in vitro studies of the vascular endothelium for obtaining flat preparations of different ocular structures such as corneal endothelium, epithelium of cornea, iris, ciliary body, lens and retinal pigment epithelium. The described method is relatively simple and allows evaluation of the overall state of these cellular sheets. After staining of the preparations with silver nitrate, we found intercellular lines to be present in all specimens studied except in the outer layers of the corneal epithelium.

Increased serum triacylglycerol and cholesterol binding reserve in acute uremic rats.

In acute uremic rats (24 h after bilateral nephrectomy, serum urea 280-300 mg/dl) the interface tension of the serum is significantly reduced. Serum levels of triacylglycerol are significantly elevated in uremia, whereas cholesterol levels do not show a significant alteration. The in vitro serum binding reserve for both, triacylglycerol and cholesterol is considerably enhanced.

Arteriovenous flow reversal, experimental investigations. II. Hemodynamic and blood gas analyses in incomplete arteriovenous flow reversal in hind extremities of dogs.

2 types of incomplete arteriovenous flow reversal were tested. When the major arteries were patent, 20% of the blood shunted into a peripheral vein was drained via the arteries whereas 80% was drained via the veins of the leg. If the pressure in the arteries was raised, the flow through the arteries was stopped when the outflow pressure reached 25% of the systemic blood pressure.

Arteriovenous flow reversal, experimental investigations. I. Complete flow reversal of the small intestine and of the rear extremity of the dog.

Segments of the small intestine and hind extremities of dogs were perfused under the condition of complete arterio-venous flow reversal (AVFR). In the intestinal segments, the peripheral resistance under AVFR conditions was 4.4 times higher than under orthograde perfusion.

Work in progress: transcatheter embolization with cyanoacrylate and nitrocellulose.

The authors describe a modified form of isobutyl-2-cyanoacrylate (IBCA) which has been mixed with less than or equal to 4% w/w of nitrocellulose. Transcatheter embolization was carried out in rabbits and dogs without complications. The glue was readily injectable without balloon catheters.

[The intra-arterial infusion. II. Its use in the treatment of septic gangrene].

The local toxicity of Cefazolin was evaluated for the arterial endothelium. 37 patients with septic gangrena were treated by intraarterial infusions of standardized Cefazolin infusions into the arteries of the involved legs. In the average 11.

[Intra-arterial infusion. I. Kinetic studies on local blood levels].

In dogs the concentrations of agents infused continuously into arteries were assessed in the local and in the systemic circulation. An equation for the gradient between the local and the systemic circulation indicates that in the steady state the gradient is directly proportional to the total clearance of the infused drug and inversely proportional to the blood flow in the infused artery. Within certain limits the gradient is independent of the infused quantity of the drug.

Conservation of veins with preservation of viable endothelium.

The influence of cryoprotective agents on the endothelium of jugular veins of dogs was examined after silver staining on en face preparations. Comparatively low concentrations of Glycerol or DMSO caused distinct morphological changes. Quick-freezing of air-filled vessels by liquid nitrogen permitted reservation of vessels with vital endothelium and comparatively mild morphological changes.

[Study of principles in pathogenesis and therapy of fat embolism. IV. In vivo studies of drug-induced mobilization of embolized lung fat].

Pluronic F 108 added to serum in a concentration of 1 g/dl proved as the optimal means to increase the fat emulgatory capacity. Similar concentrations were achieved in living rabbits by infusing 4.5 g per kg body weight.

[An animal experimental model for evaluating endothelial damage caused by various angiographic contrast media (author's transl)].

The endothelial damage caused by X-ray contrast media is tested on "en face preparations" of the rat aorta after silver staining. Hypertonic contrast media cause dehydration of the vessels so that solutions of silver nitrate penetrate into the media during the phase of rehydration whereby medial transverse lines are stained. These artifacts can be avoided by 3 minutes rehydration of the vessels by Ringer solution prior to silver staining.

[Basis examinations for pathogenesis and treatment of fat embolism. III. The interface tension of blood against lipids. B. Their influence by addition of surfactants and the effect on the lipid solubility in vitro].

Various surfactants such as Pluronic L 61, L 64, F 68 and F 108, Tween 80 und Triton WR 1339 as well as bile acids and sodium taurocholate were tested for their capacity to reduce the interface tension against neutral lipids and for their capacity to induce stable emulsions of triglycerides in rabbit sera. No positive correlation was found to exist between the interface activity against neutral lipids and the lipid emulsifying capacity of rabbit sera, added with the surfactants. When ether was added to serum, the lipid emulsifying capacity was increased most at concentrations of about 0,0075 g ether per 100 ml serum.

Grid adhesion: a new type of tissue union.

Cyanoacrylate adhesives, applied as a continuous layer, bar the way for the ingrowth of vessels. A genuine tissue union is achieved when the adhesive is applied in the form of a grid. This is accomplished by painting the adhesive on the tissue by means of a roller made of Teflon or by means of a porous gauze, soaked in adhesive.

[Investigations concerning the mechanism of contrast damage. The significance lipophilia (author's transl)].

The damaging action on vascular endothelia of meglumin iothalamate and of meglumin ioxitalamate was tested on the rat aorta. Ioxitalamate was significantly better tolerated than iothalamate. The octanol-water-partition coefficient of various contrast media was evaluated by assessing the iodine content of the octanol phase after mixing.

[On the distribution of fat in eyes and brain in experimental fat embolism (author's transl)].

In 18 rabbits a mixture of 131-J-labeled Triolein and purified olive oil was injected intravenously. Afterwards the radioactivity of the eyes and the brain was measured. The relation of distribution of fat between eye and brain differs markedly, even when the surface tension was controlledly altered by admission of essential phospholipids.

[Basic studies on the pathogenesis and treatment of fat embolism. I. Fracture mechanism and fat embolism].

We examined the amount of fat that can be forced into the circulation by compression of femora and of heads of the tibia in the very moment of injury. By fractures of diaphyses no considerable reduction of the intraosseous space was achieved and no fat was expelled through the foramina nutritia before the hard cortical bone was splintered. However, considerable amounts of fat were expelled into veins, when the epiphyses of the femora or when the head of the tibia was compressed from medially and from laterally.

[Varicose veins: pathogenesis and therapy (author's transl)].

Valvular lesions of the main venous stems are regarded as the predominant cause of the formation of primary varicose veins. Peripheral arteriovenous shunts are regarded as sequelae of varicose veins rather than their cause. The perforating and communicating veins are not involved in the pathogenesis of varicose veins.

[The influence of gravity on the distribution of fat embolism in the eye (author's transl)].

In human fat embolism we often find different grades of changes in both eyes of a patient. This was experimentally verified in rabbits. The anesthetized animals were held in lateral position so that one eye was continuously higher than the other.