Social jetlag decreases across the lifespan: A prospective big data analysis of objective sleep metrics.

Changes in social zeitgebers across the lifespan affect the interaction between biological and social clocks, potentially contributing to social jetlag. Extant literature suggests a reduction in social jetlag given declining social obligations occurring after retirement, but is limited to self-reported methods and cross-sectional designs. Leveraging longitudinal and ecologically valid data from consumer sleep technology, we analysed objective sleep data from 2439 users of the polysomnography-validated SleepScore mobile application, encompassing 500,415 total nights recorded.

Effects of Smart Goggles Used at Bedtime on Objectively Measured Sleep and Self-Reported Anxiety, Stress, and Relaxation: Pre-Post Pilot Study.

Background: Insufficient sleep is a problem affecting millions. Poor sleep can trigger or worsen anxiety; conversely, anxiety can lead to or exacerbate poor sleep. Advances in innovative consumer products designed to promote relaxation and support healthy sleep are emerging, and their effectiveness can be evaluated accurately using sleep measurement technologies in the home environment.

A metabolic switch to the pentose-phosphate pathway induces radiation resistance in pancreatic cancer.

Purpose: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is remarkably resistant to standard modalities, including radiotherapy. We hypothesized that metabolic reprogramming may underlie PDAC radioresistance, and moreover, that it would be possible to exploit these metabolic changes for therapeutic intent.

Methods And Materials: We established two matched models of radioresistant PDAC cells by exposing the AsPC-1 and MIAPaCa-2 human pancreatic cancer cells to incremental doses of radiation.

Effects of Smart Goggles Used Before Bed on Objectively Measured Sleep and Self-Reported Anxiety, Stress, and Relaxation: A Pilot Study.

Background: Insufficient sleep is a problem affecting millions. Poor sleep can instigate or worsen anxiety and, conversely, anxiety can lead to or exacerbate poor sleep. Advances in innovative consumer products designed to promote relaxation and support healthy sleep are emerging and their effectiveness can be evaluated accurately using sleep measurement technologies in the home environment.

Assessment and Treatment of Target Behavior Maintained by Social Avoidance.

Past research has identified that some individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities who engage in target behavior (e.g., aggression, self-injury) maintained by negative reinforcement engage in the behavior to escape or avoid social interaction specifically (i.

Inhibition of hepatic oxalate overproduction ameliorates metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis.

The incidence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) is on the rise, and with limited pharmacological therapy available, identification of new metabolic targets is urgently needed. Oxalate is a terminal metabolite produced from glyoxylate by hepatic lactate dehydrogenase (LDHA). The liver-specific alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase (AGXT) detoxifies glyoxylate, preventing oxalate accumulation.

Genetically engineering glycolysis in T cells increases their antitumor function.

Background: T cells play a central role in the antitumor response. However, they often face numerous hurdles in the tumor microenvironment, including the scarcity of available essential metabolites such as glucose and amino acids. Moreover, cancer cells can monopolize these resources to thrive and proliferate by upregulating metabolite transporters and maintaining a high metabolic rate, thereby outcompeting T cells.

Metabolic alterations and cellular responses to β-Hydroxybutyrate treatment in breast cancer cells.

Background: The ketogenic diet (KD), based on high fat (over 70% of daily calories), low carbohydrate, and adequate protein intake, has become popular due to its potential therapeutic benefits for several diseases including cancer. Under KD and starvation conditions, the lack of carbohydrates promotes the production of ketone bodies (KB) from fats by the liver as an alternative source of metabolic energy. KD and starvation may affect the metabolism in cancer cells, as well as tumor characteristics.

A Reassessment of Sodium Correction Rates and Hospital Length of Stay Accounting for Admission Diagnosis.

Background Slow correction of severe hyponatremia has been historically recommended due to the risk of rare but catastrophic neurologic events with rapid correction. A recent study challenging this paradigm reported that rapid correction is associated with shorter hospital length of stay, but that study did not control for admission diagnosis. The objective of this study was to determine whether rapid correction is associated with shorter length of stay when controlling for admission diagnosis.

Knowledge-Based Therapeutics for Tricarboxylic Acid (TCA) Cycle-Deficient Cancers.

With the foundation pre-laid, research in the new millennium has readily excavated and expanded upon the architectural framework laid out by Otto Warburg's seminal work in a new wave of "westward expansion," ever widening our understanding of cancer metabolism beyond the telescopic vision seen over a century ago. On this path, the unique circuitry of the cancer metabolic program has been elucidated, illuminating mutations of conserved cellular pathways implicated in tumorigenesis. Paramount among these are mutations in tricarboxylic acid cycle enzymes, succinate dehydrogenase, and fumarate hydratase, leading to deleterious accumulations in metabolic intermediates, "oncometabolites," the pilots of the disease process.

Perfusion techniques for an 800 g premature neonate undergoing Arterial Switch Procedure for Transposition of the Great Arteries★.

Early cardiac surgery in neonates and infants with congenital heart disease has been performed since the middle to late years of the twentieth century. To date, there are very few reports of successful congenital heart surgery using cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in premature babies less than 1000 g with serious congenital heart disease. Limited information is available in the literature describing perfusion techniques for this extremely fragile patient population.

Programming a Ferroptosis-to-Apoptosis Transition Landscape Revealed Ferroptosis Biomarkers and Repressors for Cancer Therapy.

Ferroptosis and apoptosis are key cell-death pathways implicated in several human diseases including cancer. Ferroptosis is driven by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation and currently has no characteristic biomarkers or gene signatures. Here a continuous phenotypic gradient between ferroptosis and apoptosis coupled to transcriptomic and metabolomic landscapes is established.

Failure to mate enhances investment in behaviors that may promote mating reward and impairs the ability to cope with stressors via a subpopulation of Neuropeptide F receptor neurons.

Living in dynamic environments such as the social domain, where interaction with others determines the reproductive success of individuals, requires the ability to recognize opportunities to obtain natural rewards and cope with challenges that are associated with achieving them. As such, actions that promote survival and reproduction are reinforced by the brain reward system, whereas coping with the challenges associated with obtaining these rewards is mediated by stress-response pathways, the activation of which can impair health and shorten lifespan. While much research has been devoted to understanding mechanisms underlying the way by which natural rewards are processed by the reward system, less attention has been given to the consequences of failure to obtain a desirable reward.

Serine synthesis via reversed SHMT2 activity drives glycine depletion and acetaminophen hepatotoxicity in MASLD.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) affects one-third of the global population. Understanding the metabolic pathways involved can provide insights into disease progression and treatment. Untargeted metabolomics of livers from mice with early-stage steatosis uncovered decreased methylated metabolites, suggesting altered one-carbon metabolism.

Bradycardic Arrest in a Child with Complex Congenital Heart Disease Due to Sugammadex Administration.

The neuromuscular blocking drugs rocuronium and vecuronium are often used during general anesthesia. These drugs temporarily paralyze the patient and thus both facilitate placement of an endotracheal tube and prevent any patient movement during surgery. Reversal of neuromuscular blockade is necessary at the end of surgery to avoid postoperative weakness and adverse respiratory events in the recovery room.

Iranian scientists and French showers: collaborative fact-checking of identity-salient online information.

In this study, we investigate what leads people to fact-check online information, how they fact-check such information in practice, how fact-checking affects their judgments about the information's credibility, and how each of the above processes is affected by the salience of the information to readers' cultural identities. Eight pairs of adult participants were recruited from diverse cultural backgrounds to participate online in joint fact-checking of suspect Tweets. To examine their collaborative deliberations we developed a novel experimental design and analytical model.

Inhibition of the proline metabolism rate-limiting enzyme P5CS allows proliferation of glutamine-restricted cancer cells.

Glutamine is a critical metabolite for rapidly proliferating cells as it is used for the synthesis of key metabolites necessary for cell growth and proliferation. Glutamine metabolism has been proposed as a therapeutic target in cancer and several chemical inhibitors are in development or in clinical trials. How cells subsist when glutamine is limiting is poorly understood.

Impairment of serine transport across the blood-brain barrier by deletion of Slc38a5 causes developmental delay and motor dysfunction.

Brain L-serine is critical for neurodevelopment and is thought to be synthesized solely from glucose. In contrast, we found that the influx of L-serine across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is essential for brain development. We identified the endothelial Slc38a5, previously thought to be a glutamine transporter, as an L-serine transporter expressed at the BBB in early postnatal life.

Regulation of nucleo-cytosolic 26S proteasome translocation by aromatic amino acids via mTOR is essential for cell survival under stress.

The proteasome is responsible for removal of ubiquitinated proteins. Although several aspects of its regulation (e.g.

Outcomes of thoracic aortic interventions in Marfan syndrome in the state of Texas over 11 years.

Objectives: Marfan syndrome is a heritable connective tissue disorder with significant aortopathy and conveys substantial cardiovascular morbidity. This study characterizes the mortality and morbidities of thoracic aortic interventions (TAI) in the Marfan syndrome population in the state of Texas from 2009 to 2019.

Methods: A retrospective review of the Texas Inpatient Discharge Dataset from 1 January 2009 to 31 December 2019.

Hyperglucagonaemia in diabetes: altered amino acid metabolism triggers mTORC1 activation, which drives glucagon production.

Aim/hypothesis: Hyperglycaemia is associated with alpha cell dysfunction, leading to dysregulated glucagon secretion in type 1 and type 2 diabetes; however, the mechanisms involved are still elusive. The nutrient sensor mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) plays a major role in the maintenance of alpha cell mass and function. We studied the regulation of alpha cell mTORC1 by nutrients and its role in the development of hyperglucagonaemia in diabetes.

Differential effects of bariatric surgery and caloric restriction on hepatic one-carbon and fatty acid metabolism.

Weight loss interventions, including dietary changes, pharmacotherapy, or bariatric surgery, prevent many of the adverse consequences of obesity, and may also confer intervention-specific benefits beyond those seen with decreased weight alone. We compared the molecular effects of different interventions on liver metabolism to understand the mechanisms underlying these benefits. Male rats on a high-fat, high-sucrose diet underwent sleeve gastrectomy (SG) or intermittent fasting with caloric restriction (IF-CR), achieving equivalent weight loss.