Quantitative transcranial sonography in Wilson's disease and healthy controls: Cut-off values and functional correlates.

To compare transcranial sonography (TCS) findings in patients with predominantly neurological Wilson's disease (WD) to those from controls, and to correlate TCS data with the clinical profile of WD. Patients with WD (n=40/f=18) and healthy, matched controls (n=49/f=20) were assessed in terms of TCS, serum copper and iron parameters, and clinical scales, such as the Unified Wilson's Disease Rating Scale (UWDRS), Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination-Revised (ACE-R), Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), and Beck Depression Inventory. Lenticular nuclei and substantia nigra echogenic area cut-off values clearly differentiated WD patients from controls (area under the curve: 95.

Dream Recall Frequencies and Dream Content in Wilson's Disease with and without REM Sleep Behaviour Disorder: A Neurooneirologic Study.

Objective. Violent dream content and its acting out during rapid eye movement sleep are considered distinctive for rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder (RBD). This study reports first quantitative data on dreaming in a cohort of patients with treated Wilson's disease (WD) and in patients with WD with RBD.

Wilson's disease with and without rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder compared to healthy matched controls.

Objective: Quantitative data are reported on rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (RBD) in a cohort of predominantly neurological Wilson's disease (WD).

Methods: A total of 41 patients with WD and 41 healthy, age- and gender-matched controls were studied by conducting face-to-face interviews, neurological and clinical examinations, laboratory tests, and WD- and RBD-specific scales. Video-polysomnography and quantification of REM sleep without atonia (RWA) were conducted in 35 patients and 41 controls.

Wilson's disease presenting as rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder: a possible window to early treatment.

Objective: To describe characteristics of REM sleep behavior disorder in Wilson's disease.

Method: Questionnaire-based interviews (patients and relatives), neurological examinations, two-week prospective dream-diary, video-polysomnography, transcranial sonography, MRI.

Results: Four Wilson's disease cases with REM sleep behavior disorder were described; three had REM sleep behavior disorder as initial symptom.

Dreaming under antidepressants: a systematic review on evidence in depressive patients and healthy volunteers.

Sleep related symptoms of depression include sleep fragmentation, early morning awakening, decreased rapid eye movement (REM) sleep latency, increased REM density, and more negative dream content. Most tricyclic antidepressants (ADs) increase total sleep time and decrease wake time after sleep onset, while many selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) have an opposite effect. However, almost all ADs prolong REM sleep latency and reduce the amount of REM sleep.

Urinary 6-hydroxy-melatonin-sulfate excretion and circadian rhythm in patients with restless legs syndrome.

The precise etiology of the restless legs syndrome (RLS) is unknown. Sensory and motor symptoms of RLS worsen during evening/night, coincident with the physiological peak of pineal melatonin excretion. Decreased melatonin levels have been reported in insomnia, which is an associated feature of RLS.