CT-like images based on T1-weighted gradient echo MRI sequences for the assessment of fractures of the hand and wrist compared to CT.

Objective: To evaluate the performance of a 3D T1-weighted gradient-echo (3D T1GRE) computed tomography (CT)-like magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequence for detecting and assessing wrist and hand fractures compared to conventional CT.

Methods: Subjects with acute wrist or hand fracture in CT underwent additional 3 T MRI including a CT-like 3D T1GRE sequence and were compared to patients without fractures. Two radiologists assessed fracture morphology on both modalities according to the Arbeitsgemeinschaft Osteosynthese (AO) and graded image quality and diagnostic confidence on a 5-point Likert scale.

Single Anastomosis Gastric Bypass-Comparative Short-Term Outcome Study of Conversional and Primary Procedures.

Background: Single anastomosis gastric bypass (SAGB) has been established as a safe and effective bariatric procedure. SAGB has also been suggested as a conversion option from other procedures, but so far not extensively explored in that direction.

Methods: The study retrospectively reviewed and analyzed 154 consecutive SAGB procedures, including 48 conversional SAGB (cSAGB) and 106 primary SAGB (pSAGB).

Non-invasive therapy of wrinkles and lax skin using a novel multisource phase-controlled radio frequency system.

Abstract The last few years have shown an increased demand for non-invasive skin tightening to improve body contour. Since light (lasers or intense pulsed light sources) has a limited ability to penetrate deep into the tissue, radio frequency (RF) modalities were introduced for the reduction of lax skin to achieve skin tightening and body circumference reduction. This study presents the use of the novel 3DEEP technology for body contouring.

The role of laser and intense light sources in photo-epilation: a comparative evaluation.

The method for laser and light assisted hair removal is based on the theory of selective photothermolysis. Selective absorption of hair chromophores from lasers and broad band light sources results in destruction of hair follicles while leaving the skin undamaged. A discussion of the basic principles of selective photothermolysis as it applies to hair removal by lasers and light sources is presented, followed by a comparative review of three melanin target based systems: Ruby laser, Alexandrite laser, and a broad band intense pulsed light.

Photodynamic efficacy of naturally occurring porphyrins in endothelial cells in vitro and microvasculature in vivo.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been described in terms of cellular and vascular effects. The precise mechanisms of cellular and vascular damage are still unknown. In this study, the photodynamic inactivation of endothelial cells in vitro and damage to the microvasculature in vivo by naturally occurring porphyrins (uroporphyrin III (UP), coproporphyrin III (CP) and protoporphyrin IX (PP)) were investigated.

In vivo damage to chorioallantoic membrane blood vessels by porphycene-induced photodynamic therapy.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) was performed in the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) for the purpose of quantitative evaluation of several porphycenes as potential photosensitizers. Porphycenes are structural isomers of porphine possessing lower symmetry of the macrocycle and are characterized by 10-fold higher absorption at the therapeutic wavelengths for PDT (lambda > 630 nm). PDT-induced damage to CAM blood vessels included vasoconstriction and blanching as was monitored during irradiation and videotaped.

Structure-activity relationship of porphines for photoinactivation of bacteria.

The antibacterial photodynamic effects of uncharged (o-tetrahydroxyphenyl porphine [THPP], m-THPP and p-THPP), cationic (5,10,15,20-tetra[4-N-methylpyridyl]porphine [TMPyP]) and anionic (5,10,15,20-tetra[4-sulfonatophenyl porphine] [TPPS4]) porphines on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria inactivation were examined. The results show that uncharged porphines provoked antibacterial photodynamic activity on S. aureus, and also on E.

Delayed fluorescence of porphyrins in different media.

Lifetimes of TPPS4 (meso-tetraphenylporphine tetrasulfonate) triplet states were measured for liquid solutions of different acidity and viscosity and as a function of acceptor concentration for different acceptors (bovine serum albumin, tryptophan and furfuryl alcohol). Triplet lifetimes were estimated by monitoring the decay of TPPS4 delayed fluorescence of E-type. The lifetime of delayed fluorencence depends on the concentration of O2, since the latter is an effective quencher of the triplet state.

Demonstration of synergistic effects of hyperthermia and photodynamic therapy using the chick chorioallantoic membrane model.

The chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model was used to study vascular effects of photodynamic therapy (PDT) and hyperthermia (HPT) and the synergism of these modalities. The CAM is a convenient medium for monitoring the modifications of the vasculature. It is possible to view the CAM and to examine structural changes of individual blood vessels in real time.

Temperature effects on photosensitized processes.

The singlet-oxygen-mediated reaction of meso-tetraphenylporphine tetrasulphonate (TPPS4) with different chemical acceptors in buffered aqueous solution was studied as a function of temperature. Imidazole, tryptophan, dimethyl p-nitrosoaniline, (RNO) and furfuryl alcohol served as acceptors. The measurements were performed in real time by spectroscopic or electrochemical monitoring of the consumption of the various reagents, acceptors or dissolved oxygen as a function of the absorbed energy.