4-Chloro-benzoic acid-quinoline (1/1).

In the title compound, C(7)H(5)ClO(2)·C(9)H(7)N, the 4-chloro-benzoic acid mol-ecule is almost planar, with a dihedral angle of 2.9 (14)° between the carb-oxy group and the benzene ring. In the crystal, the two components are connected by an O-H⋯N hydrogen bond.

Bis[(3-chloro-benz-yl)ammonium] 2-phenyl-propane-dioate dihydrate.

In the asymmetric unit of the title compound, 2C(7)H(9)ClN(+)·C(9)H(6)O(4) (2-)·2H(2)O, there are two crystallographically independent cations, one dianion and two water mol-ecules. The dihedral angle between the two carboxyl-ate groups of the dianion is 78.1 (2)°.

Difference in screening effect of alkali metal counterions on H-AOT-based W/O microemulsion formation.

The purpose of this study was to estimate the screening of electrostatic repulsions between the polar headgroups of AOT(-) by alkali metal counterions and to explore the relationships between the screening effect and the phase behavior of H-AOT-based W/O microemulsions. The screening effect was evaluated by means of critical micelle concentration (CMC) data using the pyrene 1:3 ratio method with aqueous solutions containing M-AOT (where M(+) = Li(+), Na(+), K(+), Rb(+) and Cs(+)) to form normal micelles, and by counterion binding constants, determined from plots of CMC versus counterion concentration. The order of the screening effect was found to be K(+) approximately = Rb(+) > Cs(+) > Na(+) > Li(+).

Hydrogen-bonded structures of the isomeric compounds of quinoline with 2-chloro-5-nitrobenzoic acid, 3-chloro-2-nitrobenzoic acid, 4-chloro-2-nitrobenzoic acid and 5-chloro-2-nitrobenzoic acid.

The structures of four isomeric compounds, all C7H4ClNO4.C9H7N, of quinoline with chloro- and nitro-substituted benzoic acid, namely, 2-chloro-5-nitrobenzoic acid-quinoline (1/1), (I), 3-chloro-2-nitrobenzoic acid-quinoline (1/1), (II), 4-chloro-2-nitrobenzoic acid-quinoline (1/1), (III), and 5-chloro-2-nitrobenzoic acid-quinoline (1/1), (IV), have been determined at 185 K. In each compound, a short hydrogen bond is observed between the pyridine N atom and a carboxyl O atom.

Quantitative analysis of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-related gene expression in patients with chronic active EBV infection.

Chronic active Epstein-Barr virus (CAEBV) infection is a systemic Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-positive lymphoproliferative disorder characterized by persistent or recurrent infectious mononucleosis-like symptoms in patients with no known immunodeficiency. The detailed pathogenesis of the disease is unknown and no standard treatment regimen has been developed. EBV gene expression was analysed in peripheral blood samples collected from 24 patients with CAEBV infection.

Evaluation of a new tumor necrosis factor-alpha-inducing membrane protein of Helicobacter pylori as a prophylactic vaccine antigen.

Background: Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha-inducing protein (Tip alpha) is a newly identified carcinogenic factor present in Helicobacter pylori. Tip alpha has the unique function of inducing TNF-alpha production by gastric cells in vitro and is assumed to be related with the development of gastritis and gastric cancer. We investigated the effects of vaccination with Tip alpha against H.

Plasma concentrations of growth arrest-specific protein 6 and protein S in patients with acute pancreatitis.

Background: The aim of the present study was to clarify the changes in plasma concentrations of growth arrest-specific protein 6 (Gas6) and protein S (PS) in patients with mild or severe acute pancreatitis (AP).

Methods: The study group comprised 29 consecutive patients with AP (24 males, five females; mean age, 54.8 +/- 15.

Visualization of external carotid artery and its branches: non-contrast-enhanced MR angiography using balanced steady-state free-precession sequence and a time-spatial labeling inversion pulse.

Purpose: To evaluate visibility of the external carotid artery (ECA) and its branches using three-dimensional (3D) balanced steady-state free-precession (SSFP) MR angiography with a time-spatial labeling inversion pulse (Time-SLIP), and to provide an optimal value of the inversion time (TI).

Materials And Methods: Peripheral-pulse-wave-gated 3D balanced SSFP images were obtained in 20 healthy volunteers. Images with a Time-SLIP using four different TIs (600, 900, 1200, and 1500 ms) and without a Time-SLIP, referred to as sequence A to E, were acquired for each subject and compared for visibility scores of ECA system and relative signal intensity (SI) of ECA.

Identification of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-infected lymphocyte subtypes by flow cytometric in situ hybridization in EBV-associated lymphoproliferative diseases.

To diagnose Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated diseases and to explore the pathogenesis of EBV infection, not only must the EBV load be measured, but EBV-infected cells must also be identified. We established a novel flow cytometric in situ hybridization assay to detect EBV(+) suspension cells using a peptide nucleic acid probe specific for EBV-encoded small RNA (EBER). By enhancing fluorescence and photostability, we successfully stained EBER and surface antigens on the same cells.

Hepatocellular carcinoma arising from non-cirrhotic nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.

Purpose: Characteristics of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) complicating nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) are still controversial. Most NASH related HCCs are believed to develop from cirrhotic liver, but case reports about HCC arising from non-cirrhotic NASH have been accumulating recently. This study is designed to elucidate characteristics of NASH related HCC diagnosed with high accuracy by using surgically resected specimens that contain larger areas to validate than biopsy specimens.

Hypothalamic neuronal histamine signaling in the estrogen deficiency-induced obesity.

Menopause is one of the triggers that induce obesity. Estradiol (E2), corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), and hypothalamic neuronal histamine are anorexigenic substances within the hypothalamus. This study examined the interactions among E2, CRH, and histamine during the regulation of feeding behavior and obesity in rodents.

Feasibility and efficacy of combination therapy with preoperative full-dose gemcitabine, concurrent three-dimensional conformal radiation, surgery, and postoperative liver perfusion chemotherapy for T3-pancreatic cancer.

Objective: To evaluate both the feasibility and efficacy of our combined therapy, which consisted of preoperative chemoradiation, surgery, and postoperative liver perfusion chemotherapy (LPC) for patients with T3 (extended beyond the pancreatic confines) cancer of the pancreas.

Summary Background Data: Because of the high incidence of local recurrence and liver metastasis, long-term outcomes for patients after resection of T3-pancreatic cancer are extremely poor.

Methods: During the period from 2002 to 2007, 38 patients with T3-pancreatic cancers consented to receive a combination of preoperative chemoradiation, surgery, and postoperative LPC.

Observation of buccal foramen in mandibular body using cone-beam computed tomography.

The location and course of the mandibular canal and multiple mental foramina are important in dental implant insertion and any surgical procedures involving the mandible. The purpose of the present investigation was to assess buccal foramen presence in the mandible using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images. A total of 84 patients were enrolled in this investigation.

[Estimation of effective dose to salivary glands at examination of the oral and maxillofacial region].

The salivary glands and the oral mucosa were included in the determination of effective doses of radiography in the new ICRP (International Commission on Radiological Protection) recommendations. These changes will likely result in an upward reassessment of the effective dose during oral and maxillofacial radiographic examination. We measured the dose received by many organs and calculated the effective doses using the guidelines in ICRP Publications 103 and 60.

Hydrogen-bonded structures of the isomeric 2-, 3- and 4-carbamoylpyridinium hydrogen chloranilates.

In the three isomeric salts, all C(6)H(7)N(2)O(+).C(6)HCl(2)O(4)(-), of chloranilic acid (2,5-dichloro-3,6-dihydroxy-1,4-benzoquinone) with 2-, 3- and 4-carbamoylpyridine, namely, 2-carbamoylpyridinium hydrogen chloranilate (systematic name: 2-carbamoylpyridinium 2,5-dichloro-4-hydroxy-3,6-dioxocyclohexa-1,4-dienolate), (I), 3-carbamoylpyridinium hydrogen chloranilate, (II), and 4-carbamoylpyridinium hydrogen chloranilate, (III), acid-base interactions involving H-atom transfer are observed. The shortest interactions between the cation and the anion in (I) and (II) are pyridinium N-H.

Development and evaluation of a rapid neutralizing antibody test for rabies.

The level of virus-neutralizing antibody, which plays a crucial role in the prevention of rabies, is determined by rabies virus (RABV) neutralizing test, which are time- and cost-consuming. In order to determine the level of neutralizing antibody in vaccinees, an easy and reliable method is needed. Based on the principle of immunochromatography, we developed a RAPINA (RAPId Neutralizing Antibody) test to determine the presence of neutralizing antibody in serum.

Assessment of maxillary sinus septa using cone-beam computed tomography: etiological consideration.

Background: Septum presence in the maxillary sinus complicates sinus floor elevation surgery, and so it is important that septa are accurately diagnosed on preoperative imaging.

Purpose: Septa were observed regarding their relationship with the bony palate using cone-beam computed tomography (CT).

Materials And Methods: Thirty maxillary sinuses with dentate jaws of 15 dry skulls and a cone-beam CT unit were used.

Hydrogen bonding in 1,2-diazine-chloranilic acid (2 : 1) studied by a 14N nuclear quadrupole coupling tensor and multi-temperature X-ray diffraction.

Protons involved in the H-bond system in 1,2-diazine-chloranilic acid (2 : 1) are assumed to be in jumping motion in the double-minimum potential corresponding to the two extreme electronic states of O-H...

A novel image-guided surgery of hepatocellular carcinoma by indocyanine green fluorescence imaging navigation.

Background And Objectives: The clear delineation between tumor and normal tissue is ideal for real-time surgical navigation imaging. We present a novel indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence imaging technique to visualize hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods: Ten patients with solitary HCC underwent hepatectomy between February and September 2007 at Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases.

Participation of autophagy in the initiation of graft dysfunction after rat liver transplantation.

Better ways to prevent the cold ischemia-warm reperfusion (CI/WR) injury associated with liver transplantation are needed, and many investigations have focused on the molecular mechanisms of this injury. However, the mechanisms reported to date are controversial and no improvement in therapy has resulted. Here, using prolonged CI and orthotopic transplantation of rat liver grafts, we found that the CI/WR injury was closely associated with autophagy.

2-Carboxy-pyridinium hydrogen chloranilate.

In the crystal structure of the title salt, C(6)H(6)NO(2) (+)·C(6)HCl(2)O(4) (-), the pyridine ring and the mean plane of the hydrogen chloranilate anion form a dihedral angle of 77.40 (8)°. The ionic components are held together by N-H⋯O and O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming a supra-molecular ladder.

Erratum: 2-Carboxy-pyridinium hydrogen chloranilate. Corrigendum.

The title and the chemical names of the paper by Tabuchi, Takahashi, Gotoh, Akashi & Ishida [Acta Cryst. (2005), E61, o4215-o4217] are corrected.[This corrects the article DOI: 10.

4-Bromo-N-(3,4,5-trimethoxy-benzyl-idene)aniline.

The title compound, C(16)H(16)BrNO(3), adopts an E configuration with respect to the imine C=N bond. The two benzene rings are twisted with respect to each other at an angle of 38.3 (1)°.

3-Hydroxy-pyridinium hydrogen chloranilate monohydrate.

In the title salt hydrate, C(5)H(6)NO(+)·C(6)HCl(2)O(4) (-)·H(2)O, the three components are held together by O-H⋯O and N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, as well as by C-H⋯O contacts, forming a double-tape structure along the c axis. Within each tape, the pyridinium ring and the chloranilate ring are almost coplanar, forming a dihedral angle of 2.35 (7)°.