Ultra-Fast Moisture Sensor for Respiratory Cycle Monitoring and Non-Contact Sensing Applications.

As human-machine interface hardware advances, better sensors are required to detect signals from different stimuli. Among numerous technologies, humidity sensors are critical for applications across different sectors, including environmental monitoring, food production, agriculture, and healthcare. Current humidity sensors rely on materials that absorb moisture, which can take some time to equilibrate with the surrounding environment, thus slowing their temporal response and limiting their applications.

Structure-Activity Relationship of Ciprofloxacin towards S-Spike Protein of SARS-CoV-2: Synthesis and Evaluation.

The recent outbreak of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, has posed serious threats to global health systems. Although several directions have been put by the WHO for effective treatment, use of antibiotics, particularly ciprofloxacin, in suspected and acquired Covid-19 patients has raised an even more serious concern of antibiotic resistance. Ciprofloxacin has been reported to inhibit entry of SARS-CoV-2 into the host cells via interacting with the spike (S) protein.

Development of coumarin-inspired bifunctional hybrids as a new class of anti-Alzheimer's agents with potent efficacy.

Considering the multifactorial and complex nature of Alzheimer's disease and the requirement of an optimum multifunctional anti-Alzheimer's agent, a series of triazole tethered coumarin-eugenol hybrid molecules was designed as potential multifunctional anti-Alzheimer's agents using donepezil and a template. The designed hybrid molecules were synthesized a click chemistry approach and preliminarily screened for cholinesterase and Aβ aggregation inhibition. Among them, AS15 emerged as a selective inhibitor of AChE (IC = 0.

Integrative bioinformatic analysis to identify potential phytochemical candidates for glioblastoma.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is one of the most malignant forms of cancer with the lowest survival ratio. Our study aims to utilize an integrated bioinformatic analysis to identify hub genes against GBM and explore the active phytochemicals with drug-like properties in treating GBM. The study employed databases of DisGenet, GeneCards, and Gene Expression Omnibus to retrieve GBM-associated genes, revealing 142 overlapping genes.

Exploring cardiac vector propagation in acute myocardial infarction: a spatial velocity perspective.

Aims: To objectively characterize the spatial-velocity dynamics of the QRS-loop in the vectorcardiogram (VCG) of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI).

Methods: VCG was constructed as a space curve directly with three quasi-orthogonal leads I, aVF and V2 recorded by conventional ECG of 25 healthy individuals and 50 AMI patients. Spatial velocity (SV) of the dynamic QRS loop, spatial distance (SD), and spatial magnitude (SM) were recorded, along with axis-specific component attributes of vector magnitude such as ΔX, ΔY, and ΔZ.

Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance in Human Pathogens in Ahmedabad: A One-Year Prospective Study.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is an escalating global concern, particularly in developing countries like India. A 1-year prospective study was conducted on AMR in human pathogens from Ahmedabad, India. The study aimed to generate an evidence-based database on the AMR profile of pathogens in this region.

AI-Powered Multimodal Modeling of Personalized Hemodynamics in Aortic Stenosis.

Aortic stenosis (AS) is the most common valvular heart disease in developed countries. High-fidelity preclinical models can improve AS management by enabling therapeutic innovation, early diagnosis, and tailored treatment planning. However, their use is currently limited by complex workflows necessitating lengthy expert-driven manual operations.

Fabrication of crosslinker free hydrogels with diverse properties: An interplay of multiscale physical forces within polymer matrix.

Physical/chemical crosslinking and surface-modifications of hydrogels have been extensively endorsed to enhance their biomaterial functionalities. The latter approaches involve using toxic crosslinkers or chemical modifications of the biopolymers, limiting the clinical translation of hydrogels beyond short-term promising results. The current study aims to tailor the polymer's structure to obtain customized applications using the same FDA-approved ingredients.

Noncoordinating Anions as Key Modulators of Supramolecular Structures, Optical and Electrical Properties in Nickel(II) Complexes.

This study explores the synthesis, structural characterization, and examination of two nickel(II) complexes, [Ni( )](NO) (complex ) and [Ni( )](ClO) (complex ), using the newly synthesized organic heterocyclic chelating ligand [4-imidazole-2,6-di(pyrazinyl)pyridine]. Through single-crystal X-ray diffraction, we have detailed the crystal structures of these complexes, highlighting their distorted octahedral geometries and diverse supramolecular interactions including π···π stacking, anion···π, and hydrogen bonding. These interactions crucially influence the formation of distinct one- and two-dimensional supramolecular architectures.

Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype distribution in Bangladeshi under-fives with community-acquired pneumonia pre-10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccination.

Background: Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most frequent causative pathogen of bacterial pneumonia in children worldwide. Bangladesh introduced the 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV10) in their national immunization program for infants in 2015. We assessed its potential coverage in under-fives with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in the years before PCV10 was introduced.

Transition-metal-free decarbonylation-oxidation of 3-arylbenzofuran-2(3)-ones: access to 2-hydroxybenzophenones.

A transition-metal-free decarbonylation-oxidation protocol for the conversion of 3-arylbenzofuran-2(3)-ones to 2-hydroxybenzophenones under mild conditions has been developed. NMR studies confirmed the role of in-situ-generated hydroperoxide in the conversion. The protocol was applied to a diverse range of substrates to access the target products in good to excellent yields.

A conserved Plasmodium nuclear protein is critical for late liver stage development.

Malaria, caused by Plasmodium parasites, imposes a significant health burden and live-attenuated parasites are being pursued as vaccines. Here, we report on the creation of a genetically attenuated parasite by the deletion of Plasmodium LINUP, encoding a liver stage nuclear protein. In the rodent parasite Plasmodium yoelii, LINUP expression was restricted to liver stage nuclei after the onset of liver stage schizogony.

Fentanyl versus Dexmedetomidine Infusion in Head and Neck Free Flap Surgery for Comparison of Hemodynamic Parameters and Anaesthetic Requirements: A Randomised Controlled Trial.

Background: This prospective, double-blinded, randomized study aimed to compare the efficacy of dexmedetomidine and fentanyl infusions in maintaining hemodynamics during head and neck free flap surgery, as well as their impact on the relative amount of blood loss.

Methods: Twenty patients with American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I and II scheduled for elective head and neck free flap surgery were enrolled. The patients were randomly assigned to receive either dexmedetomidine (1 µg/kg over 10 min at anesthesia induction, followed by 0.

Precise Nanoparticle Manipulation Using Femtosecond Laser Trapping.

Optical tweezers use strongly focused light for trapping, characterizing, and manipulating objects in the microscopic and nanoscopic regimes. However, fully understanding optical trapping at the nanoscale remains a significant challenge. This holds importance because the nanoscale is the frontier for numerous promising advancements, ranging from enhancing single-molecule investigations in biology to developing hybrid devices for nanoelectronics and photonics and exploring fundamental quantum phenomena in opto-mechanics.

Unraveling the complex interplay between abnormal hemorheology and shape asymmetry in flow through stenotic arteries.

Background And Objective: Stenosis or narrowing of arteries due to the buildup of plaque is a common occurrence in atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease (CAD), limiting blood flow to the heart and posing substantial cardiovascular risk. While the role of geometric irregularities in arterial stenosis is well-documented, the complex interplay between the abnormal hemorheology and asymmetric shape in flow characteristics remains unexplored.

Methods: This study investigates the influence of varying hematocrit (Hct) levels, often caused by conditions such as diabetes and anemia, on flow patterns in an idealized eccentric stenotic artery using computational fluid dynamics simulations.

Bioremediation of azo dye: A review on strategies, toxicity assessment, mechanisms, bottlenecks and prospects.

The synthetic azo dyes are widely used in the textile industries for their excellent dyeing properties. They may be classified into many classes based on their structure and application, including direct, reactive, dispersive, acidic, basic, and others. The continuous discharge of wastewater from a large number of textile industries without prior treatment poses detrimental effects on the environment and human health.

Sensitivity Chronicles in Molecular Properties: Unraveling the Nexus of Dual-Beam Z-Scan and Time-Resolved Thermal Lens Spectroscopy.

Ultrasensitive thermal lens (TL) spectroscopy, where the interplay between conduction and convection is crucial, provides profound insights into molecular behavior. This work focuses on the critical role of molecular convection by using the dual-beam z-scan method and time-resolved TL spectroscopy. We specifically investigated the correlation between the detection iris and the spot size of the pump beam.

Bioinspired Flexible and Low-Voltage Organic Synaptic Transistors for UV Light-Driven Vision Systems.

Neuromorphic vision systems, particularly those stimulated by ultraviolet (UV) light, hold great potential applications in portable electronics, wearable technology, biological analysis, military surveillance, etc. Organic artificial synaptic devices hold immense potential in this field due to their ease of processing, flexibility, and biocompatibility. In this work, we have fabricated a flexible organic field-effect transistor (OFET) that utilizes chitosan-silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) composite material as the active dielectric material.

Serum Raman spectroscopy: Unearthing the snapshot of distinct metabolic profile in patients with congenital heart defects (CHDs).

In the present study, efficacy of minimally-invasive serum Raman spectroscopy (SRS) in stratification of congenital heart diseases was explored. Blood was collected from 62 subjects [42 congenital heart defect (CHD) patients (19 with atrial septal defect, 13 with ventricular septal defect and 10 with tetralogy of fallot) and 20 controls], and serum separated. Raman spectra of sera were recorded, pre-processed and subjected to spectral and multivariate analyses.

Experimental and theoretical validation for transmutation of palladium at electrochemical interfaces.

Electrolysis of DO may be used as a portable neutron source with numerous applications without the complexity of huge reactor operations. Herein, we report reproducible fast neutron generation by electrolysis of DO using palladium cathode and platinum anode, which was detected with diamond detector, gas filled He detectors after thermalisation with high density polythene, as well as novel epoxy resin and CR-39 detectors. Notably, a highly reproducible neutron generation at electrochemical surfaces of palladium electrode was observed and signature transmutation via Pd (d, n) Ag was corroborated.

Elastomeric Ionic Hydrogel-Based Flexible Moisture-Electric Generator for Next-Generation Wearable Electronics.

Rapid consumption of traditional energy resources creates utmost research interest in developing self-sufficient electrical devices to progress next-generation electronics to a level up. To address the global energy crisis, moisture-electric generators (MEGs) are proving to be an emerging technology in this field, capable of powering wearable electronics by harvesting energy from abundantly available ambient moisture without any requirement for external/additional energy. Recent advances in MEGs generally utilize an inorganic, metal, or petroleum-based polymeric material as an active material, which may produce sufficient current but lacks the flexibility and stretchability required for wearable electronics.

Abdominal stab wound with an unusual presentation: A case report.

The forensic literature has described unusual wounds of entry into fatal stab wounds that are rarely found in autopsies. Stab wounds are considered fatal injuries when they occur in vital organs. Many authors have suggested that the description of the wound track helps recreate the crime scene.