Insertion Sequences within Oxacillinases Genes as Molecular Determinants of Resistance to Carbapenems-A Pilot Study.

Carbapenem-resistant is one of the major problems among hospitalized patients. The presence of multiple virulence factors results in bacteria persistence in the hospital environment. It facilitates bacterial transmission between patients, causing various types of infections, mostly ventilator-associated pneumonia and wound and bloodstream infections.

Human Milk Microbiome-A Review of Scientific Reports.

One of the most important bioactive components of breast milk are free breast milk oligosaccharides, which are a source of energy for commensal intestinal microorganisms, stimulating the growth of , , and in a child's digestive tract. There is some evidence that maternal, perinatal, and environmental-cultural factors influence the modulation of the breast milk microbiome. This review summarizes research that has examined the composition of the breast milk microbiome and the factors that may influence it.

How xylitol, gluten, and lactose change human gut microbiota Escherichia coli and Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG biofilm.

Objective: The human gut microbiota is composed of many viruses, bacteria, and fungi. Escherichia coli representatives are facultative anaerobic bacteria in the colon that play a crucial role in the metabolism of lactose, vitamin synthesis, and immune system modulation. E.

The influence of stress factors on selected phenotypic and genotypic features of Listeria monocytogenes - a pilot study.

Background: Listeria monocytogenes are Gram-positive rods, widespread in the environment due to their wide tolerance to changing conditions. The apilot study aimed to assess the impact of six various stresses (heat, cold, osmotic, acid, alkali, frozen) on phenotypic features: MIC of antibiotics (penicillin, ampicillin, meropenem, erythromycin, co-trimoxazole; gradient stripes), motility, ability to form a biofilm (crystal violet method) and growth rate (OD and quantitative method), expression level of sigB (stress induced regulator of genes), agrA, agrB (associated with biofilm formation) and lmo2230, lmo0596 (acid and alkali stress) (qPCR) for three strains of L. monocytogenes.

Antibiotic Resistance in Selected Emerging Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens-An Issue of Concern?

Antibiotic resistance (AR) and multidrug resistance (MDR) have been confirmed for all major foodborne pathogens: spp., spp., and Of great concern to scientists and physicians are also reports of antibiotic-resistant emerging food pathogens-microorganisms that have not previously been linked to food contamination or were considered epidemiologically insignificant.

The Prevalence of Virulence Factor Genes among Carbapenem-Non-Susceptible Clinical Strains and Their Usefulness as Potential Molecular Biomarkers of Infection.

Healthcare-associated infections caused by multidrug-resistant strains are a serious global threat. Therefore, it is important to expand the knowledge on the mechanisms of pathogenicity of these particular bacteria. The aim of this study was to assess the distribution of selected virulence factor genes (, , , , , and ) among carbapenem-non-susceptible clinical isolates and to evaluate their potential usefulness as genetic markers for rapid diagnostics of infections.

Diagnostic Value of Whole-Blood and Plasma Samples in Epstein-Barr Virus Infections.

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is an oncogenic virus classified by the World Health Organization as a class 1 carcinogen. Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders are believed to be strongly related to an EBV infection. Monitoring of EBV DNAemia is recommended to assess the risk of reactivation of latent infection and to assess the effectiveness of therapy.

Assessment of the influence of selected stress factors on the growth and survival of Listeria monocytogenes.

Background: Listeria monocytogenes are Gram-positive rods, which are the etiological factor of listeriosis. L. monocytogenes quickly adapts to changing environmental conditions.

Comparison of Virulence-Factor-Encoding Genes and Genotype Distribution amongst Clinical Strains.

is an opportunistic pathogen encoding several virulence factors in its genome, which is well-known for its ability to cause severe and life-threatening infections, particularly among cystic fibrosis patients. The organism is also a major cause of nosocomial infections, mainly affecting patients with immune deficiencies and burn wounds, ventilator-assisted patients, and patients affected by other malignancies. The extensively reported emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains poses additional challenges to the management of infections.

Candida auris Infection in a Meningococcal Septicemia Survivor, Poland.

Background: Candida auris is an emerging pathogen that constitutes a serious global health threat. It is difficult to identify without specific approaches, and it can be misidentified with standard laboratory methods, what may lead to inappropriate management.

Case Presentation: We report, probably the first in Poland, C.

Cefiderocol against Multi-Drug and Extensively Drug-Resistant : An In Vitro Study in Poland.

Cefiderocol (CFDC) is a novel, broad-spectrum siderophore cephalosporin with potential activity against multi-drug (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) Enterobacterales, including carbapenem-resistant strains. We assessed the in vitro susceptibility to CFDC of MDR, and XDR E. coli isolates derived from clinical samples of hospitalized patients.

The Accelerate Pheno™ System-A New Tool in Microbiological Diagnostics of Bloodstream Infections: A Pilot Study from Poland.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of the Accelerate Pheno™ system (APS) (Accelerate Diagnostics, Denver, CO, USA) for rapid laboratory diagnosis of bloodstream infections. The study included 45 positive blood samples obtained from patients hospitalized in University Hospital No. 1 in Bydgoszcz, Poland.

Antibiotic Resistance of spp. Isolated from the Urine of Patients Hospitalized in the University Hospital in North-Central Poland, 2016-2021.

Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) are common outpatient and inpatient infections, often treated with empirical therapy. spp. is responsible for about 10% of UTIs.

Whole Blood versus Plasma Samples-How Does the Type of Specimen Collected for Testing Affect the Monitoring of Cytomegalovirus Viremia?

Viral infections, or their reactivations, are one of the most important groups of transplantation complications that can occur among recipients of both hematopoietic cells and solid organ transplants. They are the most commonly caused by cytomegalovirus (CMV). Currently, the use of whole blood or plasma samples is recommended for CMV viral load monitoring.

Bacteraemia Caused by Probiotic Strains of -Case Studies Highlighting the Need for Careful Thought before Using Microbes for Health Benefits.

Lactic acid bacteria belonging to spp. and spp. are a natural part of fermented milk and other food products, probiotic supplements and human microbiota.

Evaluation of the RESIST-4 O.K.N.V. K-SeT for detection of carbapenemases in Gram-negative bacilli.

Enterobacterales as opportunistic pathogens are commonly associated with nosocomial infections. With increasing frequency, Gram-negative bacilli, especially Klebsiella pneumoniae strains, are mul- tidrug-resistant or pandrug-resistant. Carbapenems were used as the drugs of choice for the treat- ment of infections caused by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacilli.

The Role of Psychobiotics in Supporting the Treatment of Disturbances in the Functioning of the Nervous System-A Systematic Review.

Stress and anxiety are common phenomena that contribute to many nervous system dysfunctions. More and more research has been focusing on the importance of the gut-brain axis in the course and treatment of many diseases, including nervous system disorders. This review aims to present current knowledge on the influence of psychobiotics on the gut-brain axis based on selected diseases, i.

The Variable Nature of Vitamin C-Does It Help When Dealing with Coronavirus?

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is still spreading worldwide. For this reason, new treatment methods are constantly being researched. Consequently, new and already-known preparations are being investigated to potentially reduce the severe course of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

The effect of fluoroquinolones and antioxidans on biofilm formation by Proteus mirabilis strains.

Background: Fluoroquinolones are a group of antibiotics used in urinary tract infections. Unfortunately, resistance to this group of drugs is currently growing. The combined action of fluoroquinolones and other antibacterial and anti-biofilm substances may extend the use of this therapeutic option by clinicians.

Comparison of Selected Phenotypic Features of Persistent and Sporadic Strains of Sampled from Fish Processing Plants.

(1) Background: The main source of transmission of is contaminated food, e.g., fish and meat products and raw fruit and vegetables.

Assessment of the Relationship between Clinical Manifestation and Pathogenic Potential of Strains-Distribution of Genes and Genotypes of Toxins.

is one of the most important species among beta-haemolytic streptococci, causing human infections of different localization. It is isolated from clinical specimens relatively frequently. In this study, the frequency and co-occurrence of toxin genes (, , , , , ) among 147 strains were evaluated, using real-time PCR.

Conventional and Real-Time PCR Targeting Genes as Reliable Methods for a Rapid Detection of Carbapenem-Resistant Clinical Strains.

Multidrug-resistant , particularly those producing carbapenemases, are spread worldwide. A reliable detection of carbapenemases is essential to choose the appropriate antimicrobial therapy and, consequently, prevent the dissemination of carbapenem-resistant strains. The aim of this study is to examine the molecular basis of the carbapenem resistance mechanism and estimation of conventional PCR and real-time PCR usefulness for the detection of oxacillinases when compared to phenotypic carbapenemases detection.

Two Faces of Fermented Foods-The Benefits and Threats of Its Consumption.

In underdeveloped and developing countries, due to poverty, fermentation is one of the most widely used preservation methods. It not only allows extending the shelf life of food, but also brings other benefits, including inhibiting the growth of pathogenic microorganisms, improving the organoleptic properties and product digestibility, and can be a valuable source of functional microorganisms. Today, there is a great interest in functional strains, which, in addition to typical probiotic strains, can participate in the treatment of numerous diseases, disorders of the digestive system, but also mental diseases, or stimulate our immune system.

Nipah Virus-Another Threat From the World of Zoonotic Viruses.

Among the diseases that pose a serious threat to public health, those caused by viruses are of great importance. The Nipah virus (NiV) belonging to the family was reported in Malaysia in 1998/1999. Due to its high mortality in humans, its zoonotic nature, the possibility of human-to-human transmission, and the lack of an available vaccine, the World Health Organization (WHO) has recognized it as a global health problem.