TNF-α induced extracellular release of keratinocyte high-mobility group box 1 in Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis: Biomarker and putative mechanism of pathogenesis.

Decreased epidermal high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) expression is an early marker of epidermal injury in Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS/TEN). Etanercept, an anti-tumor necrosis factor therapeutic, is effective in the treatment of SJS/TEN. The objective was to characterize antitumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α)-mediated HMGB1 keratinocyte/epidermal release and etanercept modulation.

attenuates phenylhydrazine-induced anaemia and hepato-renal toxicity in male Wistar rat by boosting blood cells, modulation of lipoproteins and up-regulation of antioxidant armouries.

Aim: This study investigated the haematinic, antihyperlipidaemic, hepato-renal protective effects of aqueous leaf extract on male Wistar rats exposed to phenylhydrazine toxicity.

Methods: Animals were exposed to phenylhydrazine (PHZ) 50 mg/kg intraperitoneal for two consecutive days thereafter, treated with extract (100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg) orally for 21 days. After the experimentation, animals were sedated with ketamine (70 mg/kg) and euthanized by cervical dislodgement.