Mental Health Care Utilization and Prescription Rates Among Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults in France.

Importance: Amid escalating mental health challenges among young individuals, intensified by the COVID-19 pandemic, analyzing postpandemic trends is critical.

Objective: To examine mental health care utilization and prescription rates for children, adolescents, and young adults before and after the COVID-19 pandemic.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This population-based time trend study used an interrupted time series analysis to examine mental health care and prescription patterns among the French population 25 years and younger.

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Systematic reviews and meta-analyses have become crucial for evidence-based decision-making in recent decades. However, it is common for the results of multiple reviews on the same topic to be inconsistent, and it is widely recognised that the results of the reviews are not always effectively communicated to healthcare professionals and the lay public. This manuscript proposes a strategy to summarise and communicate the findings of previous systematic reviews and meta-analyses to wider audiences.

Measuring loneliness: a head-to-head psychometric comparison of the 3- and 20-item UCLA Loneliness Scales.

Background: Despite the growing interest in the prevalence and consequences of loneliness, the way it is measured still raises a number of questions. In particular, few studies have directly compared the psychometric properties of very short measures of loneliness to standard measures.

Methods: We conducted a large epidemiological study of midwife students ( = 1742) and performed a head-to-head comparison of the psychometric properties of the standard (20 items) and short version (3 items) of the UCLA Loneliness Scales (UCLA-LS).

Self-directed learning and the student learning experience in undergraduate clinical science programs: a scoping review.

Health professional organisations are increasingly promoting the use of self-directed learning. Furthermore, the rapidly evolving field of healthcare has meant that there is greater emphasis within tertiary education for students to become self-directed learners and possess the skills to engage in life-long learning. The aim of this scoping review was to explore the drivers that improve the student learning experience, in undergraduate clinical science programs that utilise self-directed learning.

Out-of-hospital paramedic interactions with people living with dementia: a scoping review.

Background: Dementia encompasses neurodegenerative disorders that account for a global estimated healthcare expenditure of 1.3 trillion US dollars. In Australia, one in 12 people aged ≥65 has a diagnosis of dementia and it is the second leading cause of death.

Placebo effects in randomized trials of pharmacological and neurostimulation interventions for mental disorders: An umbrella review.

There is a growing literature exploring the placebo response within specific mental disorders, but no overarching quantitative synthesis of this research has analyzed evidence across mental disorders. We carried out an umbrella review of meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of biological treatments (pharmacotherapy or neurostimulation) for mental disorders. We explored whether placebo effect size differs across distinct disorders, and the correlates of increased placebo effects.

Research Review: Social cognition and everyday social skills in children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a meta-analysis of case-control studies.

Background: Previous studies that have assessed social cognition in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) have produced inconsistent findings. To summarize these data and shed light upon moderators that may explain observed inconsistencies, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis exploring social cognition (Theory of Mind (ToM), Empathy, Facial and Non-Facial Emotion Recognition) and Everyday Social Skills in children and adolescents with ADHD.

Methods: The current meta-analysis involved 142 studies including 652 effect sizes.

Effects of mindfulness-based interventions on symptoms and interoception in trauma-related disorders and exposure to traumatic events: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Interoception is defined as the sense of the internal state of the body. Dysfunctions in interoception are found in several mental disorders, including trauma-related conditions. Mindfulness-Based Interventions (MBIs) have been shown to influence interoceptive processes.

Examining distress among Saudi paramedics in responding to traumatic events: A mixed-methods study.

Introduction: Paramedics are critical in providing timely medical care to injured patients and responding to trauma events. However, they are often exposed to traumatic events such as death, serious injuries, and violence, which can increase their risk of developing mental health disorders. The nature of their work, including uncontrolled environments and frequent exposure to trauma, as well as the severity of the patient's conditions, all contribute to this risk.

Incidence, prevalence, and global burden of ADHD from 1990 to 2019 across 204 countries: data, with critical re-analysis, from the Global Burden of Disease study.

Data on incidence, prevalence and burden of ADHD are crucial for clinicians, patients, and stakeholders. We present the incidence, prevalence, and burden of ADHD globally and across countries from 1990 to 2019 from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study. We also: (1) calculated the ADHD prevalence based on data actually collected as opposed to the prevalence estimated by the GBD with data imputation for countries without prevalence data; (2) discussed the GBD estimated ADHD burden in the light of recent meta-analytic evidence on ADHD-related mortality.

Influence of illness representations on coping strategies and psychosocial outcomes of infertility: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: This systematic review and meta-analysis was based on the Common Sense Model, applied to infertility.

Aims: The aim was to examine the relationships between cognitive (i.e.

The Perceptions and Expectations of the Clinical Learning Environment in Saudi Arabia: a Multidisciplinary Study.

Background: The clinical learning environment is a fundamental component of healthcare education. In this setting, students can develop the skills and knowledge necessary to become competent and efficient healthcare practitioners. Due to the importance of clinically based education, it is crucial to have a valid and reliable tool to enable its evaluation.

No Two Systems Are the Same: Paramedic Perceptions of Contemporary System Performance Using Prehospital Quality Indicators.

Introduction In recent years, researchers have identified two new models of paramedicine within the Anglo-American paramedic system known as the Directive and Professionally Autonomous paramedic systems. The research team now seek to compare paramedic perception of system performance between the two systems using prehospital quality indicators. Methods Paramedics employed within Anglo-American paramedic systems undertook a survey evaluating their experience and perception of system performance against a set of modified prehospital quality indicators.

Known-groups and convergent validity of the theory of mind task battery in children with autism spectrum disorder.

Objectives: One of the most promising Theory of Mind (ToM) tests developed for children with ASD is the Theory of Mind Task Battery (ToM-TB). Still, additional psychometric properties of this tool need to be assessed. The main objective of this preregistered study was to investigate the known-groups and convergent validities of the ToM-TB compared to a well-established test used to assess ToM in children with ASD (the Strange Stories Test; SST).

Shaping the future design of paramedicine: A knowledge to action framework to support paramedic system modernization.

Background: Over the past two decades, the demands placed on modern paramedic systems has changed. Paramedic services can no longer continue to operate on a traditional response model where more ambulances are deployed to meet the rising demand of patients calling for their health needs. Recent research has explored system design in paramedicine and its relationship with organizational performance.

metaumbrella: the first comprehensive suite to perform data analysis in umbrella reviews with stratification of the evidence.

Objective: Umbrella reviews are a new form of literature review that summarises the strength and/or quality of the evidence from all systematic reviews and meta-analyses conducted on a broad topic. This type of review thus provides an exhaustive examination of a vast body of information, providing the highest synthesis of knowledge. A critical strength of umbrella reviews is recalculating the meta-analytic estimates within a uniform framework to allow a consistent evidence stratification.

Clinical reasoning in undergraduate paramedicine: utilisation of a script concordance test.

Introduction: Clinical reasoning is a complex cognitive and metacognitive process paramount to patient care in paramedic practice. While universally recognised as an essential component of practice, clinical reasoning has been historically difficult to assess in health care professions. Is the Script Concordance Test (SCT) an achievable and reliable option to test clinical reasoning in undergraduate paramedic students?

Methods: This was a single institution observational cohort study designed to use the SCT to measure clinical reasoning in paramedic students.

Impact of mental disorders on clinical outcomes of physical diseases: an umbrella review assessing population attributable fraction and generalized impact fraction.

Empirical evidence indicates a significant bidirectional association between mental disorders and physical diseases, but the prospective impact of men-tal disorders on clinical outcomes of physical diseases has not been comprehensively outlined. In this PRISMA- and COSMOS-E-compliant umbrella review, we searched PubMed, PsycINFO, Embase, and Joanna Briggs Institute Database of Systematic Reviews and Implementation Reports, up to March 15, 2022, to identify systematic reviews with meta-analysis that examined the prospective association between any mental disorder and clinical outcomes of physical diseases. Primary outcomes were disease-specific mortality and all-cause mortality.

Removing the effects of the site in brain imaging machine-learning - Measurement and extendable benchmark.

Multisite machine-learning neuroimaging studies, such as those conducted by the ENIGMA Consortium, need to remove the differences between sites to avoid effects of the site (EoS) that may prevent or fraudulently help the creation of prediction models, leading to impoverished or inflated prediction accuracy. Unfortunately, we have shown earlier that current Methods Aiming to Remove the EoS (MAREoS, e.g.

A conceptual framework for the exploration of the relationship between systems of paramedicine and system performance.

Background: Over the past 60 years since its inception, the Anglo-American Paramedic System has continued to grow and evolve. While brief and fragmented accounts of the differences between systems have been noted in the literature, until recently there has been a paucity of research that explores and identifies sub-models of paramedicine within the Anglo-American Paramedic System.

Objectives: This article describes a conceptual framework that sets a roadmap for defining and comparing two newly identified sub-models of the Anglo-American Paramedic System.

Comparison of physical demanding paramedic work tasks between an Australian and Canadian ambulance service.

Ambulance services require candidates to pass physical employment tests (PETs) to be deemed suitable for the paramedic role. Whilst some research has been undertaken to improve to relevance of these tests, they are often arbitrary and not based on research. The first phase in developing PETs is to generate a list of job tasks.