Selective demyelination of a sciatic nerve allograft after SARS-CoV-2 infection - Case report.

Peripheral neurological complications are seen after SARS-CoV-2 infections. These are mostly immune-mediated such as Guillaine-Barré syndrome or chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy. We present a 39-year-old man treated with a right sciatic nerve allotransplantation with subsequent clinical and electrophysiological improvement within 30 months of observation.

The Relevance of Collision Tests and Quantitative Sensory Testing in Diagnostics and Postoperative Outcome Prediction in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome.

Background: The gold standards for the diagnosis and treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) and its outcome are undecided. Using clinical and electrophysiological methods, we tried to establish which fibers achieved full postoperative recovery, and the possibility of using non-standard electrophysiological tests as outcome predictors.

Methods: The study group consisted of 35 patients and controls.

The Use of Quantitative Sensation Testing to Identify the Physiological Differences Between the Median and Ulnar Nerves.

Introduction: Similarities in morphology, physiological function, and neurophysiological findings between median and ulnar nerves are not unequivocal. Our previous study confirmed differences in motor fiber parameters between these nerves in healthy persons. We made an attempt to assess and compare the physiological parameters of different sensation modalities (temperature, pain, and vibration) in median and ulnar nerves.

Volar retinacular ganglions (flexor tendon sheath ganglions) The results of surgical treatment.

Volar retinacular ganglions are the third most common group of all ganglions located in the hand and wrist region. The purpose of this work is to present our experience in management and the results of operative treatment of volar retinacular ganglions. One-hundred-and-seven patients were operated-on for volar retinacular ganglions between 2000 and 2014.

Use of collision tests to identify physiological differences between the median and ulnar nerves.

Introduction: Median and ulnar nerves are used in comparative electrophysiological studies. We analyzed the conduction values in these hand nerves in healthy volunteers to find any physiological differences between them.

Methods: We performed standard conduction studies and conduction velocity distribution (CVD) tests with estimation of 3 quartiles in 31 healthy right-handed volunteers (17 women, 14 men) with a mean age of 44.

Dorsal and volar wrist ganglions: The results of surgical treatment.

Background: The wrist, especially its dorsal surface, is the most common location of ganglion cysts in the human body.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to present our experience in the treatment of wrist ganglions and to evaluate the results obtained with the operative management of this type of lesion.

Material And Methods: A total of 394 patients (289 females and 105 males, aged 10-83 years) treated operatively for wrist ganglions between 2000 and 2014 were included in the study.

Brachial plexus injury after shoulder dislocation: a literature review.

Brachial plexus injuries are among the rarest but at the same time the most severe complications of shoulder dislocation. The symptoms range from transient weakening or tingling sensation of the upper limb to total permanent paralysis of the limb associated with chronic pain and disability. Conflicting opinions exist as to whether these injuries should be treated operatively and if so when surgery should be performed.

Analysis of peripheral nerve and autonomic nervous system function and the stage of microangiopathy in patients with secondary Raynaud's phenomenon in the course of connective tissue diseases.

Background: The pathogenesis of secondary Raynaud's phenomenon (SRP) associated with connective tissue diseases (CTD) is not entirely understood. Nervous system dysfunction and microangiopathy are considered to be causes of this pathology.

Objectives: Peripheral and autonomic nervous system function, the stage of microangiopathy, and the relationships between these in patients with SRP were analyzed.

Analysis of Patient-Dependent and Trauma-Dependent Risk Factors for Persistent Brachial Plexus Injury after Shoulder Dislocation.

Brachial plexus injuries (BPIs) caused by shoulder dislocation usually have a transient character and tend to resolve spontaneously. However, in some patients the symptoms can persist and require operative intervention. This work aims to determine the risk factors for persistent BPIs resulting from shoulder dislocation.

Chitosan and its composites: Properties for use in bone substitution.

For many years, research has been carried out on finding an ideal bone substitute. Chitosan (CTS) is a naturally occurring polysaccharide, obtained mainly from, inter alia, the shells of crustaceans. It is characterized by its high level of biocompatibility, biodegradability and antimicrobial properties as well as its support in the healing of wounds.

The role of chitin and chitosan in peripheral nerve reconstruction.

Chitin is a natural polysaccharide commonly found in nature and chitosan is its partially deacetylated derivative. The properties of both biopolymers allow their wide use in medicine and various industries. This paper presents the possibilities offered by chitin and chitosan for the creation of neurotubes utilized in peripheral nerve repair procedures.

Position of Immobilization After First-Time Traumatic Anterior Glenohumeral Dislocation: A Literature Review.

Anterior glenohumeral dislocation affects about 2% of the general population during the lifetime. The incidence of traumatic glenohumeral dislocation ranges from 8.2 to 26.

Results of Operative Treatment of Brachial Plexus Injury Resulting from Shoulder Dislocation: A Study with A Long-Term Follow-Up.

Background: Injury to the infraclavicular brachial plexus is an uncommon but serious complication of shoulder dislocation. This work aims to determine the effectiveness of operative treatment in patients with this type of injury.

Methods: Thirty-three patients (26 men and 7 women; mean age, 45 years and 3 months) treated operatively for brachial plexus injury resulting from shoulder dislocation between the years 2000 and 2013 were included in this retrospective case series.

The giant cell tumour of the proximal phalanx of the thumb treated by a 2-stage operation.

We present a 29-year-old woman who was treated for a giant-cell tumour of her thumb. Surgical treatment was performed in two stages. In the first stage, the tumour was removed and the first metacarpal and distal phalanges were fixed by an external fixator.

Ganglions of the hand and wrist: Retrospective statistical analysis of 520 cases.

Background: Ganglions constitute the most common tumor type of the hand and wrist region. They have a non-neoplastic character and affect patients of all ages.

Objectives: The purpose of this work was to analyze the epidemiological data of a representative group of patients diagnosed with ganglions of the hand and wrist.

Long-Term Results of Neurectomy Through a Dorsal Approach in the Treatment of Morton's Neuroma.

Background: Morton's neuroma, a painful enlargement of the plantar digital nerve between the metatarsal heads, is a common cause of metatarsalgia. The etiology and treatment are still a controversial matter.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate the long-term follow-up results of neurectomy through a dorsal approach and to identify prognostic factors that can affect the final outcome.

Evaluation of Soft Tissue Reaction to Corundum Ceramic Implants Infiltrated with Colloidal Silver.

Background: Corundum ceramic is a biomaterial used as a bone graft substitute. Silver is a well known antiseptic substance with many practical, clinical applications.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to estimate soft tissue (in vivo) reaction to a new kind of ceramic implants.

Causes of Secondary Radial Nerve Palsy and Results of Treatment.

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to analyze the causes that lead to secondary damage of the radial nerve and to discuss the results of reconstructive treatment. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study group consisted of 33 patients treated for radial nerve palsy after humeral fractures. Patients were diagnosed based on clinical examinations, ultrasonography, electromyography, or nerve conduction velocity.

Effect of Collateral Sprouting on Donor Nerve Function After Nerve Coaptation: A Study of the Brachial Plexus.

BACKGROUND The aim of the present study was to evaluate the donor nerve from the C7 spinal nerve of the rabbit brachial plexus after a coaptation procedure. Assessment was performed of avulsion of the C5 and C6 spinal nerves treated by coaptation of these nerves to the C7 spinal nerve. MATERIAL AND METHODS After nerve injury, fourteen rabbits were treated by end-to-side coaptation (ETS), and fourteen animals were treated by side-to-side coaptation (STS) on the right brachial plexus.

Collateral sprouting axons of end-to-side nerve coaptation in the avulsion of ventral branches of the C5-C6 spinal nerves in the brachial plexus.

Introduction: This study assessed the collateral sprouting in avulsion of the ventral branches of the C5 and C6 spinal nerves treated by coaptation of these nerves to the C7 spinal nerve on the brachial plexus of rabbits.

Material And Methods: Thirty-six New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into four groups: end-to-side coaptation (ESN) (n = 12), side-to-side coaptation (SSN) (n = 12), direct neurorrhaphy (end-to-end) (EEN) (n = 6) and no coaptation (n = 6). The operations were performed on the left brachial plexus.

Chemical Substances Used in the Treatment of Ganglions Located in the Hand and Wrist.

The aim of this work was to compare different chemical substances used in the treatment of ganglions located in the hand and wrist region. Their basic properties and mechanisms of action have been described. Moreover, the risks associated with the use of particular substances have been highlighted and potential complications connected with their administration have been discussed.

Schwannoma of the medial cutaneous nerve of the arm: a rare location with concomitant compression neuropathy of the ulnar nerve.

The objective of this paper is to present a case of rare location of schwannoma in the medial cutaneous nerve of the arm at the level of the axilla. Preliminary diagnostic examination of the tumour was carried out in another hospital by means of open biopsy. In the preoperative period symptoms of ulnar nerve dysfunction (paraesthesias, positive Hoffmann-Tinel sign) dominated the clinical picture.

Benign nerve tumours of the hand (excluding wrist).

Introduction: Hand tumours of neural origin are rare in clinical practice. The aim of this work is to present our experience in operative treatment of benign nerve tumours located in the hand. Special emphasis has been put on determining the occurrence rates of particular tumour types characterized by their unique histopathological patterns and describing detailed location of the lesions.

Multiple schwannomas of the digital nerves and superficial radial nerve: two unusual cases of segmental schwannomatosis.

Two cases of segmental sporadic schwannomatosis characterized by unusual location of multiple schwannomas in digital nerves (case 1) and the superficial radial nerve (case 2) are described in this paper. In the first of the described cases, 6 tumours located at the base of the middle finger and in its distal portion were excised from both digital nerves. In the second case, 3 tumours located in the proximal 1/3 and halfway down the forearm were removed from the superficial radial nerve.

Results of surgical treatment of schwannomas arising from extremities.

Schwannomas are benign neoplasms derived from Schwann cells. In this work, we present our experience in operative management of schwannomas and analyse results of treatment. Clinical material consisted of 34 patients, in whom 44 schwannomas located in extremities were excised between 1985 and 2013.