Indian Trial of Tranexamic acid in Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage study protocol.

Rationale: Early mortality in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is due to hematoma volume (HV) expansion, and there are no effective treatments available other than reduction in blood pressure. Tranexamic acid (TXA) a hemostatic drug that is widely available and safe can be a cost-effective treatment for ICH, if proven efficacious.

Hypothesis: Administration of TXA in ICH patients when given within 4.

Discovery of a Novel Shared Variant Among Gene and lncRNA at Chromosome 20q13.33 in Familial Progressive Myoclonus Epilepsy.

Progressive myoclonus epilepsy (PME) is a neurodegenerative disorder marked by recurrent seizures and progressive myoclonus. To date, based on the phenotypes and causal genes, more than 40 subtypes of PMEs have been identified, and more remain to be characterized. Our study is aimed at identifying the aberrant gene(s) possibly associated with PMEs in two siblings born to asymptomatic parents, in the absence of known genetic mutations.

Critical Prognostic Factors in Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis: An Observational Study.

Background: Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) presents with a wide variety of neurological symptoms in various combinations and has a high mortality rate of up to 50%. Recent advances in neuroimaging and therapeutic interventions have brought it down to 10%-20%. The study aims to identify critical prognostic factors associated with poor outcomes in patients with CVST.

Prevalence of Cognitive Impairment and Dementia After Intracerebral Hemorrhage.

Objective: To study the prevalence of cognitive impairment in survivors of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).

Methods: Survivors of spontaneous ICH were followed up in the neurology outpatient department when they reported for follow-up after 6 months. Neuroimaging records at the onset and at follow-up visits are studied for the location of ICH, volume of ICH, intraventricular extension, and hydrocephalus.

Dysbiosis of the Beneficial Gut Bacteria in Patients with Parkinson's Disease from India.

Objectives: Recent advancement in understanding neurological disorders has revealed the involvement of dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease (PD). We sequenced microbial DNA using fecal samples collected from PD cases and healthy controls (HCs) to evaluate the role of gut microbiota.

Methods: Full-length bacterial 16S rRNA gene sequencing of fecal samples was performed using amplified polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products on the GridION Nanopore sequencer.

Alzheimer's Disease: Treatment Today and Tomorrow.

Background And Aims: The scope of treatment in Alzheimer's Disease has widened in recent times with FDA approval of new drugs. This review looks at established treatments in AD as well as critically analyses the newer drugs available.

Methods: Data in this review was gathered from PubMed; Google Scholar and MEDLINE from January-March 2023.

Prognosticating Acute Ischemic Stroke and Estimating the Feasibility of Mapping Stroke Volume to the Functional Outcomes Using Diffusion-Weighted Images: A Systematic Review Protocol.

Introduction: Diffusion-weighted image or DWI is commonly used to provide valuable and diverse information on acute stroke in tertiary care hospitals. DWI is a sensitive and accurate method for identifying the infarct core and can expose the area of cerebral infarction within a few hours of onset. This systematic review is planned to evaluate the measurement of stroke volume on DWI and correlate it with functional outcomes (modified ranking scale).

Effects of Serum Cholesterol on Severity of Stroke and Dosage of Statins on Functional Outcome in Acute Ischemic Stroke.

Background: A high dose of statin is used to obtain an intensive lipid-lowering in stroke patients, even in patients with normal lipid levels. There are limited data on effect of dosage of statins and functional outcome in stroke patients.

Objectives: To compare serum cholesterol levels with severity of stroke measured by infarct volume.

Fully automated sinogram-based deep learning model for detection and classification of intracranial hemorrhage.

Purpose: To propose an automated approach for detecting and classifying Intracranial Hemorrhages (ICH) directly from sinograms using a deep learning framework. This method is proposed to overcome the limitations of the conventional diagnosis by eliminating the time-consuming reconstruction step and minimizing the potential noise and artifacts that can occur during the Computed Tomography (CT) reconstruction process.

Methods: This study proposes a two-stage automated approach for detecting and classifying ICH from sinograms using a deep learning framework.

Step Ladder Expansive Cranioplasty: A Novel Perspective in Cranial Volume Augmentation Surgery.

 In face of a refractory raised intracranial pressure (ICP), surgeons most commonly resort to decompressive craniectomy (DC). Procedure leaves an unprotected brain underlying the craniectomy defect and Monro-Kellie doctrine: disrupted. Different variants of hinge craniotomies (HC) have been used with clinical outcomes comparable to DC as single stage alternatives.

Novel Model of Oxalate Diet-Induced Chronic Kidney Disease in Dahl-Salt-Sensitive Rats.

Diet-induced models of chronic kidney disease (CKD) offer several advantages, including clinical relevance and animal welfare, compared with surgical models. Oxalate is a plant-based, terminal toxic metabolite that is eliminated by the kidneys through glomerular filtration and tubular secretion. An increased load of dietary oxalate leads to supersaturation, calcium oxalate crystal formation, renal tubular obstruction, and eventually CKD.

Exome sequencing of choreoacanthocytosis reveals novel mutations in VPS13A and co-mutation in modifier gene(s).

Choreoacanthocytosis, one of the forms of neuroacanthocytosis, is caused by mutations in vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein A (VPS13A), and is often misdiagnosed with other form of neuroacanthocytosis with discrete genetic defects. The phenotypic variations among the patients with VPS13A mutations significantly obfuscates the understanding of the disease and treatment strategies. In this study, two unrelated cases were identified, exhibiting the core phenotype of neuroacanthocytosis but with considerable clinical heterogeneity.

Impact of antioxidants in improving semen parameters like count, motility and DNA fragmentation in sub-fertile males: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.

Unlabelled: Male infertility is solely responsible for 20-30% of infertility cases. Oxidative damage of sperm DNA is positively linked with oligoasthenoteratozoospermia (OAT), and male infertility. The antioxidants are being explored worldwide to combat OAT, sperm DNA fragmentation and reactive oxygen species.

Relevance of Geographical and Biochemical Factors in Causation of Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis: An Observational Analytical Study.

Objectives: There is a higher prevalence of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) in more recent times, owing to increased awareness, clinical diagnostic skills, and advancements in neuroimaging modalities. This study aimed to identify and characterize the geographical, clinical, and etiological profiles of patients with CVST that may be relevant to planning appropriate diagnostic and therapeutic strategies to improve functional recovery.

Methods And Results: A retrospective observational study was carried out at a tertiary care hospital between March 2014 and October 2018.

Identification of factors affecting outcomes in patients with Guillain Barre syndrome.

Background: Guillain Barre syndrome (GBS) is a rare autoimmune neurological disorder resulting in variable clinical course and outcome. Various factors such as age, symptoms and disease form that influence the outcome of GBS have been previously studied.

Aim: This study aimed at identifying factors affecting the outcomes in patients with GBS.

Rapid diagnosis of malaria using a point-of-care loop-mediated isothermal amplification device.

LAMP diagnosis of malaria is simple and cost-effective with acceptable sensitivity and specificity as compared to standard diagnostic modules such as microscopy, RDTs and nested PCR, and thus its deployment for onsite screening of malaria in resource-limited regions is under consideration. However, the requirement of an electricity-operated dry bath and bulky read-out unit is still a major concern. In an effort to simplify this limitation, we have developed a portable LAMP device and fluorescence readout unit which can be used in the rapid point-of-care diagnosis of malaria.

Optical absorbance-based rapid test for the detection of sickle cell trait and sickle cell disease at the point-of-care.

People afflicted with sickle cell disease (SCD) experience severe deterioration in quality of life. The disease is characterized by debilitating pain, anemia, and increased susceptibility to life threatening infections. This genetic disorder is endemic to many parts of the world.

Predicting post-stroke motor recovery of upper extremity using clinical variables and performance assays: A prospective cohort study protocol.

Background And Purpose: Measurement of movement quality is essential to distinguish motor recovery patterns and optimize rehabilitation strategies post-stroke. Recently, the Stroke Recovery and Rehabilitation Roundtable Taskforce (SRRR) recommended four kinetic and kinematic performance assays to measure upper extremity (UE) movements and distinguish behavioral restitution and compensation mechanisms early post-stroke. The purpose of this study is to develop and validate a prediction model to analyze the added prognostic value of performance assays over clinical variables assessed up to 1-month post stroke for predicting recovery of UE motor impairment, capacity and quality of movement (QoM) measured at 3 months post-stroke onset.

Enhanced Wound Healing Using PVA/B-PEI Nanofiber Mats: A Promising Wound Therapeutic Agent against ESKAPE and Opportunistic Pathogens.

Opportunistic skin pathogens and their resistance to pre-existing therapeutics are a challenge to normal physiological wound healing processes. Consistent development of antimicrobial agents is required to overcome the complications raised by antimicrobial resistance. An effective alternative proposed in recent research includes the use of antimicrobial nanoparticles or nanobiopolymers.

Frontotemporal Dementia - Current Concepts.

Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is an entity that includes a group of neurodegenerative disease with symptoms predominantly pertaining to deficits in behavior, executive function (or) language. FTD is one of the most common type of dementia before 65 years of age and is one of the most underdiagnosed dementia as most often the symptoms overlap with psychiatric manifestations. Based on the clinical features, FTD is further subdivided into behavioral variant FTD (Bv-FTD) and primary progressive dementia (PPA).

Rapid diagnosis of infection with a portable loopmediated isothermal amplification device.

is an intracellular protozoan parasite, that causes visceral leishmaniasis (VL), and consequently, post-kala azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL). Diagnosis and treatment of leishmaniasis is crucial for decreasing its transmission. Various diagnostic techniques like microscopy, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) and PCR-based methods are used to detect leishmaniasis infection.

Single-shot circular fringe projection for the profiling of objects having surface discontinuities.

Fringe projection profilometry (FPP) is a widely used non-contact optical method for 3D profiling of objects. The commonly used linear fringe pattern in FPP has periodic intensity variations along the lateral direction. As a result, the linear fringe pattern used in FPP cannot uniquely represent the lateral shift induced by the objects having surface discontinuities.