[Approximation analysis in the study of the epidemiology of the epistaxis].

Unlabelled: Epistaxis or nosebleeds (NB) are the most common emergency pathology that otorhinolaryngologists have to deal with. Purpose of the work: to study the prevalence of patients with NB in the otorhinolaryngological departments of hospitals in Moscow from 2003 to 2019. The reports of the heads of the ENT departments of the city clinical hospitals in Moscow were studied.

[Epidemiology of spontaneous nasal, ear and throat bleedings].

Unlabelled: Bleeding is a life-threatening condition, requiring an urgent care. The first line of treatment this kind of patients is ambulance doctors (emergency medical team). Spontaneous bleeding (SB), in this case, don't have a traumatic agent (including surgical trauma).

[Prospects for a passive acoustic research method in otorhinolaryngology].

The authors of the article reviewed acoustic research methods in otorhinolaryngology. All acoustic diagnostic methods are divided into active and passive. Active acoustic methods are based on the emission of acoustic vibrations, in some cases with the subsequent reception and processing of reflected vibrations.

[Quincke's edema or angioedema. A contemporary view of the problem].

The article describes statistical data on patients with angioedema (AE) in the structure of ambulance services and four large multidisciplinary hospitals with otorhinolaryngological departments of the city of Moscow for 2017. The ratio of the number of calls to the NSR in Moscow for AE to the total number of calls was analyzed; the ratio of the number of calls to the ambulatory system for AE to the total number of calls to patients with allergic reactions; the ratio of patients with AE among the total number of treated patients in 3 hospitals in Moscow; the ratio of patients with AE of the upper respiratory tract (URT) among the total number of patients with AE; the ratio of patients with AE URT among the total number of patients with ENT pathology. As a result of the study, it was found that the share of AE in the structure of emergency calls of ambulance teams (=3 070 491) was 0.

[ENT care in the context of the new coronavirus infection COVID-19].

The spread of the pandemic of the new coronavirus infection COVID-19 inevitably makes adjustments to the medical care. Given that the main route of transmission is airborne, otorhinolaryngologists are at increased risk of infection. Based on the literature data of leading otorhinolaryngologists, as well as their own experience working with patients with the new coronavirus infection COVID-19, the authors present relevant recommendations on the organization of specialized otorhinolaryngological care in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.

[Eustachian tube drug delivery to the tympanum in patients with otitis media with effusion].

There are no reliable data on the volume of the drug reaching the affected tympanic cavity during the catheterization of Eustachian tube (ET). Objective: to conduct an experiment and to study the effectiveness of administering a drug into the tympanic cavity of the middle ear using an original ear catheter, which allows catheterization of ET in the direction of its lumen. The study included patients with unilateral OME (=21, the duration of the disease from 2 to 3 months), who were recommended for the ventilation tube insertion.

[Persistant dysfunction of the eustachian tube: solving the problem].

Each person experienced an unpleasant sensation of congestion of the ear during a flight or in rhinorrhea, which is caused by dysfunction of the Eustachian tube (ET). People with persistent ET dysfunction live with this sensation for months and years. Persistent ET dysfunction in children reaches 40%, in adults it is up to 5%.

[Diaphanoscopy palatal tonsils with use of the diode laser].

For the purpose of decrease in intraoperative blood loss during a tonsillectomy the technique of a laser diaphanoscopy (DS) of the palatal tonsil (PT) and paratonsil space is developed. In the conditions of a transillumination of tissues of throat vessels paratonsil space which are preventively coagulated by the holmium laser are visualized. In carrying out DS of structures of a throat the 'pilot' red laser of the surgical laser LUMENIS Versa Pulse Power Suite 20W system was used.

[Features of thermal effect at high-frequency laser impact on biological tissue (experiment). Technique of laser ablation of a pharyngeal tonsil].

In the conditions of the experiment the peculiarities of thermal influence of Ho:YAG on biological tissue in the ablation mode were studied. In the experiment we used: surgical laser system LUMENIS VersaPulse PowerSuite 20, universal thermal imaging camera FLIR SC7000. The biological object (turkey meat) was remotely, at a distance of 5 mm, affected by a Holmium laser (E = 0.

[Angioneurotic edema. Classification, diagnosis, prophylaxis, treatment tactics].

The article highlights the current understanding of the etiology and various mechanisms of development, patterns of angioneurotic edema. Detailed clinical and laboratory picture of allergic and non-allergic forms of angioedema are presented.

[The application of contrast-enhanced X-ray salpingography for the evaluation of the effectiveness of catheterization of the acoustic tube with the use of the Eustachian catheters].

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the administration of a medication into the middle ear structures during catheterization of the acoustic tube (AT) in the course of the contrast-enhanced X-ray salpingographic investigation. The study included 18 patients (18 ears) presenting with chronic otitis media and the perforated tympanic membrane without the disturbances of the ventilation function of the auditory tube. All the patients were allocated to two groups depending on the type of the Eustachian catheters being used.

[The original method for the endonasal surgical access to the maxillary sinus through crista conchalis of the maxillary bone].

The objective of the present work was to develop a technique for the endonasal surgical access to the maxillary sinus through crista conchalis of the maxillary bone and to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the surgical treatment by this method. A total of 210 patients underwent the CT-assisted examination of the paranasal sinuses. The data obtained made it possible to characterize the detailed anatomical structure of crista conchalis of a maxillary bone that forms the anterior part of the medial wall of the maxillary sinus.

[Sintopy of the distal end of the nasolacrimal duct detected by means of the vector analysis of the CT-identified anatomical features of the nasal cavity].

The objective of the present work was to study syntopy of the distal end of the nasolacrimal duct based on the results of the vector analysis of the CT-identified anatomical features of the nasal cavity and the paranasal sinuses in 102 patients (204 nasolacrimal channels). The main criterion for inclusion in the study was the absence of traumatic injuries and inflammatory changes in the nasal cavity and the paranasal sinuses. X-ray studies of the distal end of the nasolacrimal duct (NLD), turbinate crest (crista conchalis), the edge of the nasal aperture, and the floor of the nasal cavity were carried out.

[Identification of the specific topographic features of the neck vessels for the prevention of bleedings during tonsillectomy].

The objective of the present work was to study syntopy of the large neck vessels in relation to the capsule of palatine tonsils with the use of the MRI technology. A total of 109 patients (218 palatine tonsils) presenting with chronic tonsillitis were available for the examination including 64 women and 45 men at the age varying from 15 to 54 years. All of them underwent MRI-guided vascular visualization in the paratonsillar region together with the measurements of the vessels extending to the capsule of the palatine tonsils at the level of the upper and lower poles, and also close to the mid-third of each palatine tonsil.

[Preoperative MRI diagnostics of the topographic features of neck arteries in the patients presenting with chronic tonsillitis].

The objective of the present study was to determine the frequency of abnormalities of the major neck vessels and elucidate the specific features of blood supply of palatine tonsil based on the results of MRI performed in the vasculature-targeting regimen. A total of 109 patients presenting with chronic tonsillitis (including 64 women and 45 men at the age varying from 15 to 54 years) were available for the examination. All the patients underwent the MRI diagnostic study of the neck vessels by way of the preliminary evaluation of their condition at the pre-hospital stage.

Catechol-O-methyltransferase Val158Met polymorphism is associated with increased risk of multiple uterine leiomyomas either positive or negative for exon 2 mutations.

Aims: To study the possible association of catechol-O-methyltransferase ( Val158Met polymorphism with multiple and solitary uterine leiomyomas (ULs) and to check whether the Val/Val genotype is associated with exon 2 mutations in fibroids.

Methods: The Val158Met allele and genotype frequencies were compared between age-matched women with ULs (n=104) and controls (n=59). Patients with UL were subcategorised by diagnosis of solitary (n=59) or multiple (n=45) fibroids and by the presence of somatic exon 2 mutations in at least one fibroid (n=32) or in neither fibroid (n=26).

New species of Cinygmula McDunnough, 1933 and larval description of Cinygmula irina Tshernova & Belov, 1982 from the Russian Far East (Ephemeroptera: Heptageniidae).

Here, we describe Cinygmula tetramera, sp. nov. (Ephemeroptera: Heptageniidae), which has male imaginal forceps with three distal segments, based on male & female imagos reared from larvae.