False aneurysm on distal part of coarctation of the aorta in a parous Turner syndrome patient.

False aneurysm associated with untreated coarctation of the aorta (CoA) is an uncommon vascular complication. We present a 41-year-old woman with mosaic Turner syndrome who had CoA complicated with a small false aneurysm on descending aorta just distal to the coarctation. The patient had not been diagnosed with Turner syndrome despite several physical characteristics of the syndrome because she had histories of natural childbirth.

Critical illness polyneuropathy and myopathy caused by Bacillus cereus sepsis in acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

We report a pediatric case of critical illness polyneuropathy and myopathy caused by Bacillus cereus sepsis during acute lymphoblastic leukemia therapy. A 15-year-old boy developed B. cereus sepsis and multiple organ failure on the 19th day after initiation of chemotherapy, and multidisciplinary treatment was started.

Genital abnormalities in Pallister-Hall syndrome: Report of two patients and review of the literature.

We describe two patients with Pallister-Hall syndrome (PHS) with genital abnormalities: a female with hydrometrocolpos secondary to vaginal atresia and a male with micropenis, hypoplastic scrotum, and bilateral cryptorchidism. Nonsense mutations in GLI3 were identified in both patients. Clinical and molecular findings of 12 previously reported patients who had GLI3 mutations and genital abnormalities were reviewed.

Association between serum uric acid levels and cardiometabolic risk factors among Japanese junior high school students.

Background: The present study was designed to examine whether serum uric acid (SUA) levels were associated with cardiometabolic risk factors and to determine optimal cut-offs for SUA to identify multiple risk factors among Japanese junior high school students.

Methods And Results: A total of 958 students (518 boys and 440 girls, aged 12.1-15.

Polymyxin-direct hemoperfusion for sepsis-induced multiple organ failure.

We report a case of multiple organ failure caused by the Bacillus cereus infection during acute lymphoblastic leukemia therapy, who was treated successfully. A 15-year-old male developed (B. cereus) sepsis on the 19th day after chemotherapy initiation.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in Japanese junior high school students: its prevalence and relationship to lifestyle habits.

Background: Despite the increase in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in Japanese adults, its prevalence in adolescents remains unclear. This prompted us to evaluate the incidence and clinical characteristics of NAFLD among junior high school students.

Methods: A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted among students in a single junior high school in Nagano prefecture.

Insulin resistance and hepatitis C virus: a case-control study of non-obese, non-alcoholic and non-steatotic hepatitis virus carriers with persistently normal serum aminotransferase.

Background/aims: Recent studies using transgenic mouse models have demonstrated that the presence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) singularly induces insulin resistance (IR). When evaluated in humans, the exclusion of other factors influencing IR, such as obesity, alcohol intake, hepatic inflammation and steatosis is needed, but only few studies have been performed to these ends. Therefore, we aimed at exploring the singular effects of HCV on glucose metabolism through analysis of HCV carriers with persistently normal serum aminotransferase.

Serologic analysis of three cases of neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia associated with HLA antibodies.

Background: Neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (NAIT) is caused when maternal alloantibodies react with paternally inherited antigens present on the fetal PLTs, a reaction mainly due to antibodies against human PLT antigens. Cases in which NAIT has been caused by HLA antibodies are relatively rare. In this study, three cases of NAIT associated with HLA antibodies that occurred in a 1-year period are reported.