Real-Time Biomarkers of Liver Graft Quality in Hypothermic Oxygenated Machine Perfusion.

: Hypothermic oxygenated machine perfusion has emerged as a strategy to alleviate ischemic-reperfusion injury in liver grafts. Nevertheless, there is limited data on the effectiveness of hypothermic liver perfusion in evaluating organ quality. This study aimed to introduce a readily accessible real-time predictive biomarker measured in machine perfusate for post-transplant liver graft function.

Preparation and Analysis of Histological Slides of Rat and Mouse Eyeballs to Evaluate the Retina.

A rodent eyeball is a powerful tool for researching the pathomechanisms of many ophthalmic diseases, such as glaucoma, hypertensive retinopathy, and many more. Preclinical experiments enable researchers to examine the efficacy of novel drugs, develop new methods of treatment, or seek new pathomechanisms involved in the disease's onset or progression. A histological examination provides a lot of information necessary to assess the effects of the conducted experiments and can reveal degeneration, tissue remodeling, infiltration, and many other pathologies.

Quantification of Aortic Valve Fibrotic and Calcific Tissue from CTA: Prospective Comparison with Histology.

Background Quantifying the fibrotic and calcific composition of the aortic valve at CT angiography (CTA) can be useful for assessing disease severity and outcomes of patients with aortic stenosis (AS); however, it has not yet been validated against quantitative histologic findings. Purpose To compare quantification of aortic valve fibrotic and calcific tissue composition at CTA versus histologic examination. Materials and Methods This prospective study included patients who underwent CTA before either surgical aortic valve replacement for AS or orthotopic heart transplant (controls) at two centers between January 2022 and April 2023.

Pathologic Analysis of Twenty-one Appendices From Children With Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome Compared to Specimens of Acute Appendicitis: A Cross-sectional Study.

Background: Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a rare, severe complication of coronavirus disease 2019, commonly involving the gastrointestinal tract. Some children with MIS-C undergo appendectomy before the final diagnosis. There are several hypotheses explaining the pathomechanism of MIS-C, including the central role of the viral antigen persistence in the gut, associated with lymphocyte exhaustion.

CD4, CD20 and PD-L1 as Markers of Recurrence in Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer.

Introduction: A tumor microenvironment plays an important role in bladder cancer development and in treatment response.

Purpose: The aim of the study was to assess how the components of the microenvironment affect tumor recurrence and to find the potential biomarkers for immunotherapy in NMIBC.

Methods: The study group consisted of 55 patients with primary NMIBC.

HPV16 E6 Gene Transcripts in Primary Type II Endometrial Carcinomas.

Background/aim: Data on the prevalence of human papilloma virus (HPV) DNA in different subtypes of endometrial carcinomas (EC) are limited.

Patients And Methods: We investigated the incidence of HPV16 DNA E6/E7 transcripts in 47 type I (endometrioid-type) tumors and eight type II (non-endometrioid-type) uterine neoplasms applying PCR-based technology. Immunohistochemical staining in HPV16 positive cases was also performed, and seven lymph node metastases were examined for the presence of HPV16 DNA E6/E7.

Routine End-ischemic Hypothermic Oxygenated Machine Perfusion in Liver Transplantation From Donors After Brain Death: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: To assess whether end-ischemic hypothermic oxygenated machine perfusion (HOPE) is superior to static cold storage (SCS) in preserving livers procured from donors after brain death (DBD).

Background: There is increasing evidence of the benefits of HOPE in liver transplantation, but predominantly in the setting of high-risk donors.

Methods: In this randomized clinical trial, livers procured from DBDs were randomly assigned to either end-ischemic dual HOPE for at least 2 hours or SCS (1:3 allocation ratio).

Tumour microenvironment as a predictive factor for immunotherapy in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer.

Bladder cancer (BC) can be divided into two subgroups depending on invasion of the muscular layer: non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) and muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). Its aggressiveness is associated, inter alia, with genetic aberrations like losses of 1p, 6q, 9p, 9q and 13q; gain of 5p; or alterations in the p53 and p16 pathways. Moreover, there are reported metabolic disturbances connected with poor diagnosis-for example, enhanced aerobic glycolysis, gluconeogenesis or haem catabolism.

The Accuracy of Clinical Diagnosis in 2135 Lesions on the Face. A Retrospective Analysis of Histopathological Records.

Introduction: Biopsy of facial skin lesions is an important supplement to dermatological diagnostics, especially in doubtful cases or suspected of being malignant.

Objectives: The aim of the retrospective study of 2135 histopathological records of lesions on the face was to: establish the most common indications for a skin biopsy in patients with facial lesions, establish the frequency of histopathological diagnoses, evaluate how often clinically suspected inflammatory lesions are identified as tumors in histopathology, evaluate the accuracy of clinical diagnoses of the most common skin tumors and dermatoses.

Methods: It was a retrospective study.

Analysis of Mutational Profile of Hypopharyngeal and Laryngeal Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas Identifies as a Potential Tumor Suppressor.

Hypopharyngeal cancer is a poorly characterized type of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) with bleak prognosis and only few studies focusing specifically on the genomic profile of this type of cancer. We performed molecular profiling of 48 HPV (Human Papilloma Virus)-negative tumor samples including 23 originating from the hypopharynx and 25 from the larynx using a targeted next-generation sequencing approach. Among genes previously described as significantly mutated, , and were found to be most frequently mutated.

Liver injury in Wilson's disease: An immunohistochemical study.

Purpose: Wilson's disease (WD) is an inherited disorder involving copper accumulation in the liver and brain. An important mechanism responsible for hepatocyte injury in WD is mitochondria destruction, although damage may also be caused by oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation.

Patients/methods: The study included 54 treated patients with WD without liver cirrhosis and 10 healthy controls.

MARC1 p.A165T variant is associated with decreased markers of liver injury and enhanced antioxidant capacity in autoimmune hepatitis.

The clinical picture of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) varies markedly between patients, potentially due to genetic modifiers. The aim of this study was to evaluate genetic variants previously associated with fatty liver as potential modulators of the AIH phenotype. The study cohort comprised 313 non-transplanted adults with AIH.

E-Cadherin, Integrin Alpha2 (Cd49b), and Transferrin Receptor-1 (Tfr1) Are Promising Immunohistochemical Markers of Selected Adverse Pathological Features in Patients Treated with Radical Prostatectomy.

In patients treated for prostate cancer (PCa) with radical prostatectomy (RP), determining the risk of extraprostatic extension (EPE) and nodal involvement (NI) remains crucial for planning nerve-sparing and extended lymphadenectomy. The study aimed to determine proteins that could serve as immunohistochemical markers of locally advanced PCa. To select candidate proteins associated with adverse pathologic features (APF) reverse-phase protein array data of 498 patients was retrieved from The Cancer Genome Atlas.

Chronic Fatigue Persists in a Significant Proportion of Female Patients After Transplantation for Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis.

Chronic fatigue and an impairment of general health-related quality of life (HRQoL) are frequently reported by patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). Studies on patients with primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) suggest that, unlike pruritus, fatigue may not be ameliorated by liver transplantation (LT). However, there are few data regarding the assessment of fatigue before and after transplantation in PSC.

Expression of Toll-Like Receptors in the Animal Model of Bladder Outlet Obstruction.

Introduction: Bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) occurs in more than 20 percent of the adult population and may lead to changes in the structure and function of the bladder. The main objective of the study was to evaluate the expression of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR 4) and Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR 9) in the animal model of BOO as potential triggers of the inflammation phase in the bladder. In addition, the modulating effect of alpha-1 adrenergic antagonist (tamsulosin) on TLR 4 and TLR 9 expression and inflammatory markers was assessed.

Measurement of liver and spleen stiffness as complementary methods for assessment of liver fibrosis in autoimmune hepatitis.

Background And Aims: Liver stiffness measurements (LSM), commonly performed by transient elastography (TE) or two-dimensional shear wave elastography (2D-SWE), are used to quantify liver fibrosis. Active hepatitis, a hallmark of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), could bias LSM. This bias might be overcome by measurement spleen 2D-SWE.

Serum and tissue expression of neuropilin 1 in precancerous and malignant vocal fold lesions.

Objectives: The study was designed to evaluate the tissue expression of NRP-1 and serum level of sNRP-1 in the same patients with intraepithelial laryngeal lesions or early staged laryngeal cancer to identify the clinical significance of these biomarkers in the diagnosis of laryngeal lesions.

Material And Methods: A prospective analysis of tissue was performed on specimens and blood samples from 49 patients, who were admitted for surgical resection due to suspicious vocal fold lesions and were diagnosed as non-dysplasia, low-grade dysplasia, high-grade dysplasia and invasive cancers.

Results: ELISA was conducted on 48 blood samples.

Left Ventricular Structural and Functional Alterations in Patients With Pheochromocytoma/Paraganglioma Before and After Surgery.

Objectives: This study sought to evaluate left ventricular (LV) structure and function in pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma (PPGL) patients before and after curative surgery.

Background: Data on catecholamine-induced effects on LV structure and function in patients with PPGL are limited and conflicting.

Methods: The study evaluated 81 consecutive patients with a PPGL, among whom 66 were evaluated 12 months after tumor removal.

Bladder perforation during transurethral resection of bladder tumour is not a result of a deficient structure of the bladder wall.

Background: Transurethral resection of the bladder tumour (TUR) is associated with a risk of bladder perforation. The underlying mechanisms and risk factors are not fully understood. The aim of this study was to determine if the bladder wall structure affects the risk of bladder perforation during TUR.

Evaluation of liver fibrosis in patients with Wilson's disease.

Objectives: Staging of fibrosis in chronic liver disease is important for prognosis and treatment planning. Liver biopsy is the gold standard in fibrosis assessment; however, new methods for fibrosis and stiffness measurement exist which have not been evaluated in patients with Wilson's disease. To evaluate the accuracy of collagen proportionate area (CPA), transient elastography and shear wave elastography (SWE) in the assessment of liver fibrosis in adult patients with Wilson's disease.

Isoprenaline induced Takotsubo syndrome: Histopathological analyses of female rat hearts.

Background: Takotsubo syndrome (TTS) is a stress-induced disorder affecting mostly postmenopausal women. The aim of the study was to evaluate isoprenaline (ISO) dependent female rat model and histopathological characteristics in TTS.

Methods: Forty-nine Sprague Dawley female rats, 12 weeks old, were injected intraperitoneally with a single dose of ISO at doses 50 (n = 8), 75 (n = 6), 100 (n = 3), 150 (n = 27) and 200 (n = 5) mg/kg body weight (bw).

Retinal arterial remodeling in patients with pheochromocytoma or paraganglioma and its reversibility following surgical treatment.

Objective: Structural abnormalities in resistance arteries are a hallmark of patients with hypertension. In hypertensive patients with pheochromocytoma or paraganglioma (PPGL), it is still a matter of debate whether structural vascular changes are because of elevated blood pressure (BP) or to toxic effects of elevated circulating catecholamines. Hence, the aim of our study was to assess whether catecholamine excess and/or elevated BP affect the structure of small retinal arteries in patients with catecholamine-producing tumors.

Post-zygotic diploidization of triploidy in human is possible? - a case of triploid partial molar pregnancy resulting in a premature live-born diploid female infant.

Objective: During the treatment of our patient we found that reports covering possible complications and their treatment are very scarce. Due to advancement in ultrasound diagnosis most of molar pregnancies are terminated in first trimester of pregnancy. There is the gap in knowledge concerning pregnancy complications in case of partial mole discovered in advanced pregnancy.

Genomic Characterization of Cholangiocarcinoma in Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis Reveals Therapeutic Opportunities.

Background And Aims: Lifetime risk of biliary tract cancer (BTC) in primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) may exceed 20%, and BTC is currently the leading cause of death in patients with PSC. To open new avenues for management, we aimed to delineate clinically relevant genomic and pathological features of a large panel of PSC-associated BTC (PSC-BTC).

Approach And Results: We analyzed formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumor tissue from 186 patients with PSC-BTC from 11 centers in eight countries with all anatomical locations included.