Anatomic and histomorphometric study of the nerve to the vastus lateralis in cadaver for its clinical application in facial reanimation.

Background: The innervated vastus lateralis flap (IVLF) is a barely used possibility for facial palsy reconstruction because of its thickness compared to the gracilis, latissimus dorsi, and pectoralis minor flaps. The aim of this study is to perform a precise description of the intramuscular distribution of the nerve motor branches and its relationship with the vascular pedicle in order to harvest a segmental muscle flap with the best contractile strength to restore facial reanimation.

Methods: The study was performed on 16 adult cadaver thighs identifying the vastus lateralis muscle and the distribution and relationships of its neurovascular pedicle and branches.

Salvage Procedures for Facial Reanimation With Neurovascular Flaps When Previous Surgeries Failed: Is Homolateral Vessel or Nerve Depletion a Contraindication?

Background: Facial paralysis reconstruction can be difficult in extensive defects after complex facial or cranial base tumor resection and radiotherapy or when primary smile reanimation attempt has failed. The surgical challenge is more complicated when defects are associated with recipient vessels or nerves depletion. This scenario has not been well described in the literature, and the present article will address the alternatives that plastic surgeons may use in these circumstances.

Efficacy of Povidone Iodine Against Microbial Biofilms in Breast Implants With Different Textures: Results From an Study.

Background: In the practice of breast augmentation and reconstruction, implant irrigation with various solutions has been widely used to prevent infection and capsular contracture, but to date, there is no consensus on the optimal protocol to use. Recently, application of povidone iodine (PI) for 30 min has shown to be the most effective irrigating formula in reducing contamination in smooth breast implants. However, as 30 min is not feasible intraoperatively, it is necessary to determine whether shorter times could be equally effective as well as to test it in both smooth and textured implants.

Punctual Breast Implant Rupture following Lipofilling: Only a Myth?

Background: Lipofilling techniques are widespread in clinical practice as a complement to breast reconstruction, despite posing some risk. Punctual implant rupture following a fat transfer is one of the possible complications, which has not been properly reported yet and is probably being underdiagnosed. The aim of this paper is to report key facts for appropriate diagnosis of this clinical chart.

Sarcoidosis Presenting as Late Seroma Mimicking Breast Implant-Associated Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma.

Late seroma related to breast silicone implants is a rare complication. Interest for its characterization has grown after its association with the recently described breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma. The differential diagnosis includes infectious diseases, mechanical and traumatic causes, tumors, postpartum seroma, and inflammatory, allergic, or idiopathic causes.

Reverse Dermis Flap for Coverage of Distal Leg and Ankle Defects.

Soft tissue defects of the distal third of the leg and ankle, which frequently expose tendon, bone or osteosynthesis material, are difficult to cover and pose a major challenge to the plastic surgeon. Traditional reconstructive options for this region usually require complex flaps which made them unsuitable for elderly patients or those with multiple comorbidities. We hereby present the reverse dermis flap as an easy and reliable choice to cover this type of wounds and refer our experience in 9 cases in which clinical, operative, and follow-up data were recorded.

Prone position pressure sores in the COVID-19 pandemic: The Madrid experience.

Background: In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, prone position (PP) has been frequently used in the intensive care units to improve the prognosis in patients with respiratory distress. However, turning patients to prone imply important complications such as pressure ulcers. The aim of this paper is to describe the prevalence and characteristics of prone-positioning pressure sores (PPPS) and analyze the related risk factors.