[Tension-type headache and mental disorders in children].

Based on the analysis of current literature, the authors reviewed diagnostic aspects and the relationship between tension-type headache (TH) and mental disorders in 78 children, aged from 7 to 15 years, admitted to a neurological unit in 2004-2007 and in 45 children admitted to a psychiatric hospital. The latter group included 22 patients with depressive episodes, 11 with anxiety-phobic disorder and 12 with schizotypal personality disorder. The comparison of clinical features of headache in these groups revealed that TH was associated with mental disorders and chronic TH in most cases was a symptom of a mental disease (primarily depression).

[Autoantibodies to α7-subunit of neuronal acetylcholine receptor in children with traumatic brain injury].

An objective of the study was to search for new biologically significant markers of brain damage. Levels of blood serum autoantibodies (aAB) to different fragments of α7-subunit of acetylcholine receptor (ACR) were studied in children with traumatic brain injury of different severity. The more severe was trauma, the higher was the level of aAB to fragments of α7-subunit of ACR in the first week after trauma.

[Autoantibodies to glutamate receptors and metabolic products of nitric oxide in blood serum of children in the acute period of brain trauma].

Autoantibodies (AB) to glutamate receptors of AMPA (Glur1) and NMDA (NR2A) types and nitric oxide metabolites, nitrates and nitrites (NOx), were studied in the blood serum of children with brain trauma of different severity. The level of both AB types increased from the 1st to the 10th day after trauma. The level of NMDA (NR2A) AB was higher comparing to AMPA (Glur1).

[Cerebral hemodynamics in the context of differential diagnosis and management of headache in children].

Using transcranial Doppler ultrasonography, cerebral hemodynamics has been studied in 140 children, aged 6-16 years, with different types of headache in the interictal period. According to a type of headache the patients have been divided into groups as follows: migraine, headache of tension and unspecified headache with arterial hypotension, arterial hypertension and normal blood pressure. The predominance of different changes of cerebral hemodynamics was found in patients compared to the control group.

[Autoantibodies to glutamate receptors in children with chronic posttraumatic headache].

Autoantibodies (aAB) to AMPA (Glu R1 subunit) and NMDA (NR 2A subunit) glutamate receptors were studied in blood serum of 60 children, aged 7-16 years, with chronic posttraumatic headache after mild skull injury. All the children were divided into 2 groups: group 1 included 48 children with concussion of the brain, group 2--12 children with brain contusion. Group 1 was divided into 2 subgroups: subgroup 1a comprised 34 children with single concussion and subgroup 1b--14 children with repeated concussion.

[Test computer systems in the diagnosis of cognitive disorders as observed in the syndrome of attention deficiency with hyperactivity in children].

The instrumental methods of evaluation of the cognitive ability of child by means of test computer systems open up real opportunities for the objective and thorough examination of main processes of the cognitive ability. An objective quantitation of the cognitive sphere makes it possible to prognosticate the intellectual development of child and to use such methods not only in the diagnosis and prevention but also in the correction of cognitive disorders.

[Methodological approaches to investigation of autonomic nervous system functions in young children].

Techniques for investigation of a functional condition of autonomic nervous system in young children--anamnesis questionnaire, a list of basic vegetative disorders and screening table for vegetative tonus evaluation--were elaborated. These tools have been tested in a longitudinal study of more than 200 children, aged 3 months to 5 years, with various psychic disorders, 143 being related to high-risk group for schizophrenia, and were proved to be higher informative, simpler and more convenient for practitioners.

[Nerve growth factor auto-antibodies in children with various forms of mental dysontogenesis and in schizophrenia high risk group].

The level of autoantibodies (AAb) to nerve growth factor was evaluated in blood serum of 163 children with different forms of mental dysontogenesis of endogenic, residual-organic, psychogenic and deprivative origin. Significant elevation of the level of AAb was found in all forms of psychic dysontogenesis. The most significant elevation of the level of AAb (p < 0.

[Autoantibodies to the nerve growth factor in disorders in the mental development of young children].

80 children aged 1-3 years were examined. They were divided into 3 groups by the degree and structure of disorders of mental development: children with predominant delay of speech development (group 1); with a delay of psychic development due to organic damage of CNS (group 2); with deviation of psychic development and the most pronounced psychopathologic symptomatology (group 3). There was a significant (p < 0.

[Nerve growth factor auto-antibodies in the sera of mothers of schizophrenic children and children from high risk group].

A level of autoantibodies (aAB) to nerve growth factor (NGF) was measured in blood serum of children from 4 groups: 1) schizophrenic patients; 2) children from the families, in which one of the parents suffered with schizophrenia (high risk groups of schizophrenia); 3) children with residual-organic damages of CNS; 4) control group. This index was also determined in their mothers. Significant elevation of a titer of aAB to NGF was observed in blood of children from groups 1 and 2 as well as in their mothers, as compared with 3 and 4 groups.

[Electroencephalographic correlates of schizophrenic type mental disorders at an early age in childhood].

Electroencephalographic study was performed in 30 children of 1-3 years old from the group with the high risk of schizophrenia. Clinical observation of the patients was performed in the period of EEG recording and follow-up study was also made during 10-12 years. Three groups of patients were picked out with the differences in both clinical and electrophysiologic indices.

[A method for determining the mental development of children up to 3 years old--the Schedule for the Neuropsychological Examination of Infants].

GNOM--is standard method of estimation of health state in babies and infants with determination of coefficient of mental development. Method's basis appears to be tasks and tests allowing to evaluate (in scores) the state of the main neuropsychiatric spheres, namely: sensory, motor, emotional, cognitive and social-communicative. Method exists both in ordinary and computer variations.

[Clinical computed tomographic correlations in children from a group at high risk for schizophrenia].

Computed tomography (CT) was performed in 189 individuals: in 44 children of schizophrenic parents (high risk group, HRG), in 39 parents with schizophrenia or with schizophrenic disturbance, in 56 children with schizophrenia, in 50 children with consequences of early organic damages of central nervous system (mental retardation syndrome and generalized tic syndrome). The frequency of CT changes was equal in the mentioned groups but their character was quite different. The widening of brain's liquor system (89.

[Motor disorders and their correction in children from a high-risk group for the development of schizophrenia at an early age].

A 7-year study of locomotor function in 103 children born in the families where one of the parents suffered from schizophrenia has found no locomotor abnormalities only in 20% cases. The rest of them had: disorders of the general locomotor activity, disorders of the static and locomotor development, symptoms of extrapyramidal and cerebral regulation dysfunctions, changes of the muscle tone, ataxia, pathologic locomotor phenomena, speech disorders. The severity of the above disturbances and their variability correlated with the child's general and mental development.

[Clinico-psychopathological aspects of borderline mental disorders in infancy].

The authors summarize the data obtained during a comprehensive examination of 200 children of the first year of life with borderline mental disorders. Abnormalities of vegetative and instinctive regulation, psychomotor and affective disorders which are, as a rule, of the borderline nature, occupy the leading position in the structure of the above-indicated disorders. The latter ones are associated frequently enough with different types of development retardation and neurological deviations from normal.

[The effect of the earthquake in Armenia on the mental health of the pediatric population of the damaged regions].

The authors relate neuropsychic disorders in children and adolescents of Armenia in the acute period and 3 months after the earthquake. The pathological disorders were dependent on the individual reactivity of the child and environmental factors. 3 months after the earthquake 31% of the examines demonstrated marked mental disturbances.

[Development of the locomotive and neurologic symptoms in the offspring of schizophrenics during the first few years of life].

The author provides the neurological characteristics and the follow-up data on the development of locomotion in 36 children aged 3 months to 3 years born to schizophrenic patients. Three variants of motor development were distinguished: the first one--early and proper development; the second one--short-term retardation at some stages, namely before the age of 1 year and 4 months, with intermittent episodes in the development and a proper or little changed formula of the postural and motor development; the third one--appreciable retardation and perversion of the motor developmental formula, insufficiency of the extrapyramidal and cortical components of the motor act, preserved even after 3 years of age. Among the discovered neurological symptoms, disorders in the system of gaze innervation, vocal and motor disorders, motor stereotypies, disturbances of the extrapyramidal and cortical component of the motor act, the hydrocephalic syndrome can be attributed to more specific ones as regards the schizotypic dysontogenesis.

[Persistent infection caused by the Coxsackie B3 virus in adult mice].

A model of persistent infection with Coxsackie B-3 virus was developed in adult mice with clinical manifestations of the disease and long-term (up to 13 months) excretion of the causative agent. The method of multiple organ cultures was shown to be suitable for isolation of the persisting enterovirus. The presence of persistent infection was confirmed by the detection of IgM antibody in repeated daily examinations of the animals for 4 months.

[Sanatorium-health resort treatment of children with hereditary diseases of the neuromuscular system].

The study was aimed at determining the efficacy of sanatorium treatment of patients with hereditary neuromuscular abnormalities. Sanatorium methods of treatment combined with drug therapy were found to be more effective as compared with outpatient or hospital treatment. The sanatorium treatment proved most effective in children with congenital myopathy, Charcot-Marie neural amyotrophy, and Roussy-Levy polyneuropathy.