[Stroke in children: experience of the Center for the Treatment of Cerebrovascular Diseases in Children and Adolescents in Moscow].

Objective: To analyze the work of the Center for the Treatment of Cerebrovascular Pathology in Children and Adolescents, operating on the basis of the Morozov Children's City Clinical Hospital of the Moscow Health Department for the period 2018-2021 and to assess the peculiarities of organizing the provision of specialized care to children and adolescents with acute cerebrovascular accident (ACA).

Material And Methods: Annual reports of the Center for the period 2018-2021; included children and adolescents aged 1 month to 17 years 11 months 29 days, with new onset ischemic stroke (IS) and hemorrhagic stroke (HS), cerebral venous thrombosis (sinus thrombosis), confirmed clinically and radiologically.

Results: Statistical data on stroke and organization of care for children with this pathology in Moscow are presented.

Safety and immunogenicity of rAd26 and rAd5 vector-based heterologous prime-boost COVID-19 vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 in healthy adolescents: an open-label, non-randomized, multicenter, phase 1/2, dose-escalation study.

Unlabelled: To protect young individuals against SARS-CoV-2 infection, we conducted an open-label, prospective, non-randomised dose-escalation Phase 1/2 clinical trial to evaluate the immunogenicity and safety of the prime-boost "Sputnik V" vaccine administered at 1/10 and 1/5 doses to adolescents aged 12-17 years. The study began with the vaccination of the older cohort (15-to-17-year-old participants) with the lower (1/10) dose of vaccine and then expanded to the whole group (12-to-17-year-old participants). Next, 1/5 dose was used according to the same scheme.

[Stroke in children and adolescents].

Objective: A comparative analysis of symptoms in arterial ischemic and stroke-like conditions in children, the development and analysis of the «Presumptive stroke in children» scale for prehospital diagnosis of ischemic strokes in children.

Material And Methods: This article analyzes cases of emergency hospitalization of children in a stroke center with suspected cerebrovascular pathology as well as the symptoms of patients with suspected ischemic stroke, compares the leading and final diagnoses, identifies the main «mimics» of stroke and their symptom complexes. A comparison of the obtained data with the results of previous studies was carried out.

Pediatric Microbial Keratitis With Overnight Orthokeratology in Russia.

Objectives: To estimate the incidence of microbial keratitis in children wearing overnight orthokeratology lenses in Moscow, Russia.

Methods: To estimate the number of children wearing overnight orthokeratology lenses in 2018, 1,368 patient records from 13 Doctors Lens clinics were selected at random and extrapolated to the entire patient base. To identify cases of microbial keratitis, all episodes of infiltrative keratitis from Morozovskaya City Children's Clinical Hospital in 2018 were recorded and adjudicated by three experienced ophthalmologists.

[Palivizumab: four seasons in Russia].

In 2010, the Russian Federation (RF) registered palivizumab--innovative drug, based on monoclonal antibodies for passive immunization of seasonal respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection in children of disease severe progress risk group, which include primarily premature infants, children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia and hemodynamically significant congenital heart disease. Currently, palivizumab is included in the list of recommended medicines and medical care standards of different countries, including Russia. In the review the results of Russian research on the progress of RSV infection, its epidemiology and immunization experience gained over the 2010-2014 period are summarized in relation to the foreign data.

[The activity of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase and the level of malonic dialdehyde in prematures with hypoxic disorders of the central nervous system].

The activity of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase and the level of malonic dialdehyde were studied 53 prematures with hypoxia of the central nervous system. A low activity of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase, which depended on a prematurity degree and on a content of malonic dialdehyde in the erythrocyte cell membranes, was found. A higher level of malonic dialdehyde in erythrocyte membranes was shown to be an unfavorable prognostication factor for the development of intraventricular hemorrhages in prematures.

[Diagnosis of abdominal injuries in combined injury].

Diagnostic value of verification methods for abdominal injuries in patients with combined trauma (CT) was analyzed, severity of injuries by Injuries Severity Scale (ISS) was specified. From 503 patients with CT (ISS = 17.6 +/- 9) diagnostic laparocentesis (DLC) was used in 224 (44.

[Peritoneovenous shunt in resistant ascites in patients with portal hypertension].

Experience in 100 operations for the creation of a peritoneovenous shunt in 63 patients with portal hypertension and resistant ascites showed that in careful selection of patients and determination of contraindications this operation is an effective method for the treatment of resistant ascites in patients with portal hypertension. The shunt increases diuresis, reduces the volume of the abdomen, makes laparocentesis unnecessary, improves the patients' general condition and allows some of them to be prepared for interventions on the organs of the portal system which are more radical in character.

[Use of CO2 laser in the treatment of suppurative-necrotic lesions of the foot in patients with diabetes mellitus].

The CO2 laser Skalpel-I was used in the treatment of pyonecrotic lesions of the foot in 57 patients with diabetes mellitus. Preliminary comparison of the results shows the method to be promising: the number of high amputations reduced from 34% to 19%, the mortality, from 17% to 6%. The authors conclude that introduction of laser techniques into clinical practice will lead to a decrease in the number of high amputations and will improve further rehabilitation of patients with diabetes mellitus and pyonecrotic complications in the lower limbs.

[Device for determining oxygen tension in biological objects using a pulse method].

An apparatus designed by the authors for measuring oxygen tension in biological objects is described. An electronic commutator allows it to close the inlet of the recording system at the instant of interval, to accomplish separate and smooth adjustment of the pulse and interval duration within a wide range. This makes it possible to electively establish the electrodes polarization and depolarization conditions depending upon the electrochemical characteristics of the electrodes, the nature of the biological object and the purposes of investigations, which represents the advantage of the unit over the other known apparatus.