[Effect of pyruvate, threonine, and phosphoethanolamine on acetaldehyde metabolism in rats with toxic liver injury].

Pyruvate dehydrogenase, threonine aldolase and phosphoethanolamine lyase can produce acetaldehyde during normal metabolism. We studied the effect of loading with the substrates of these enzymes (pyruvate, 500 mg/kg, i.p.

[Effect of hydroxylated pyrimidine derivatives on activities of thiamine-dependent enzymes and some parameters of lipid metabolism in mice].

It has been found that hydroxylated pyrimidine derivatives actively participate in metabolic proceeds related to functioning of vitamin B1-dependent enzymes (transketolase, 2-oxo acid dehydrogenase). Hydroxypyrimidines also induce a significant increase in the levels of total lipids and cholesterol in the mice liver, not changing the phospholipid content.

Hepatic and pancreatic effects of polyenoylphosphatidylcholine in rats with alloxan-induced diabetes.

Polyenoylphosphatidylcholine (PPC: 100 or 300 mg kg-1 b.w., by gastric intubation for 30 days) produced a clearcut protection of the liver of rats treated with alloxan (150 mg kg-1 b.

Influence of pyruvate, threonine and phosphoethanolamine on activities of some acetaldehyde-producing enzymes.

Threonine (50 mg/100 g, i.p.) leads to increased hepatic threonine aldolase activity in rats, although endogenous ethanol concentrations remain stable.

[Effect of pyrazole on the activity of acetaldehyde-producing enzymes in the liver].

Influence of pyrazole on the endogenous ethanol level and activities of acetaldehyde-producing enzymes was investigated. Drastic enhancement of the endogenous ethanol level in the blood and tissues was accompanied by an insignificant increase of phosphoethanolamine lyase activity, while activity of threonine aldolase and pyruvate dehydrogenase was unchanged.

[Lipid fractions of rat liver upon administration of ethanol and ethanolamine].

After a single intragastric administration of 25% ethanol in a dose of 1 g/kg of body mass content of total lipids, lysophosphatidyl choline, phosphatidyl ethanolamine and cardiolipin was increased while phosphatidyl choline was decreased in the rat liver tissue. At the same time, there was a decrease in the rate of 2- 14C-acetate incorporation into esters of cholesterol, total phospholipids, lysophosphatidyl choline, sphingomyelin, phosphatidyl ethanolamine and cardiolipin. Administration of ethanolamine simultaneously with ethanol contributed to normalization of the lipid spectrum, impaired by the single ethanol inoculation.

[Free amino acids in the brain in moderate alcoholization of animals and administration of ethanolamine].

Content of free amino acids was studied in rat brain after moderately-acute alcohol intoxication (Ig/kg of body mass), after administration of ethanolamine (100 mg/kg), phosphoethanolamine (230 mg/kg) and/or combination of these drugs with ethanol. Ethanolamine, as distinct from phosphoethanolamine, removed the effects of alcohol. Structural similarity of ethanol and ethanolamine was apparently responsible for their antagonism.

[Free amino acids of the liver and the characteristics of the amino acid metabolism in the liver and brain after cyanamide administration to rats].

A single administration to rats of cyanamide (60 mg/kg, for 1 hour) was found to decrease the contents of cysteate, serine, glutamate, glycine, alanine, valine, methionine, isoleucine, tyrosine, ethanolamine, ornithine and histidine that may be considered as a manifestation on the drug hepatotoxicity. The activities of transaminases, glutamate dehydrogenase, pyruvate dehydrogenase remained unchanged. Cyanamide effects were considerably abolished by the supplementary ethanol administration (0.

[Effect of oxythiamine disulfides on the pancreas and thyroid of rats].

Single administration of oxythiamine (200 mg/kg) or an isomolar amount of oxythiamineamyldisulfide to rats does not change the content of insulin in 72 h, whereas oxythiaminehexyldisulfide slightly increases the blood level of the hormone. Oxythiamine and its disulfides cause changes of the thyroid indicating considerable suppression of its function. It is assumed that hormonal mediation of oxythiamine nonspecific metabolic effects results predominantly from the involvement of the thyroid hormones rather than insulin.

[Thiamine diphosphate pool and its biosynthesis in the liver in galactosamine hepatitis].

The hepatitis-like changes were induced in the liver of albino female rats weighing 120-150 g and fed on the appropriate vivarium diet by single parenteral administration of hydrochloride galactosamine in a dose of 0.9 or 1.8 mmol per 1 kg of body weight.

[Specific activity of thiamine and oxythiamine immobilized on modified cellulose].

The effect of thiamine and oxythiamine preparations on the activities of vitamin B1-dependent enzymes in the body of white mice was studied. It was found that the cellulose oxythiamine derivative was similar to the initial compound in the character and intensity of its antivitamin action. It was also shown that the cellulose thiamine derivative had a prolonged effect in the body, which was manifested in a slower increase in the activities of transketolase, pyruvate dehydrogenase and in the amount of thiamine diphosphate in tissues of vitamin B1-deficient animals, as compared to the effect of thiamine.

[Characteristics of thiamine thiazolone diphosphate-induced inhibition of a pyruvate dehydrogenase complex in vitro and in intact mitochondria].

Thiamine thiazolone diphosphate (TTPP) was capable of penetrating through the mitochondrial membrane and of inhibiting the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC) in intact mitochondria. TTPP depressed the activity of mammalian PDC in a mixed manner (Ki = 5.10(-8) M) and yeast pyruvate decarboxylase (Ki = 5.

[Effect of acute alcoholic intoxication on lipogenesis in the liver of rats].

Thirty minutes after a single ethanol injection (4 g/kg bw, i.p.) the activity of rat liver acetyl-CoA-synthetase and ATP-citralyase was decreased.