Effects of Three Pesticides on the Earthworm Gut Microbiota.

Earthworms play a vital role in the terrestrial ecosystem functioning and maintenance of soil fertility. However, many pesticides, for example, imidacloprid, benomyl, and metribuzin that are world-widely used in agriculture, may be potentially dangerous to earthworms. At the same time, standard tests for pesticides acute and chronic toxicity do not reflect all aspects of their negative impact and might not be enough sensitive for effective assessment.

[Comparison of the effects of glutamate antibodies on neuronal activity of caspase 3 and memory impairment in rats induced by injection of Abeta(25-35) into the Meynert nuclei].

In experiments on rats showed that intranasal administration of glutamate antibodies in a dose of 300 microg/kg after 1 h after bilateral injection of neurotoxic fragment of beta-amyloid protein (25-35)--Abeta(25-35)--into the Meynert nuclei restores learning ability in the test of passive avoidance on 3 and 14 days of the experiment. Antibodies to glutamate decrease significantly increasing caspase 3 activity, detected on Day 3 after injection of Abeta(25-35), in samples of the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus but not hypothalamus. Intranasal administration of gamma-globulin had no effect on the performance of violations of mnestic functions and caspase 3 activity.

Effect of antibodies to glutamate on caspase-3 activity in brain structures of rats with experimental Alzheimer's disease.

Experiments on rats have showed that neurodegenerative damage to the brain induced by injection of a neurotoxic β-amyloid protein fragment β25-35into the basal giant cell nuclei of Meynert activated caspase-3 in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus on day 3 after injury. Intranasal administration of antibodies to glutamate in a dose of 300 μ g/kg 1 h after damage reduced enzyme activity in these structures in a rat model of Alzheimer's disease.

[Repressional effects of the glutamate antibodies on expression of Dffb gene in the brain of rats with experimental Alzheimer's disease].

The intranasal administration of glutamate antibodies in the dose of 300 microg/kg one hour after damage on the level of mRNA expression of Dffb gene which codes caspase-activated DNase which participates in intranucleosome fragmentation of genome DNA in apoptosis was investigated in experimental Alzheimer's disease induced by injection of neurotoxic fragment of beta-amyloid protein Abeta25-35 in Meynert basal magnocellular nuclei on rats. On the Day 3 after Abeta25-35 injection is observed significant decrease of the level of mRNA expression of Dffb gene in prefrontal cortex in 37%, and in hippocampus in 62% in the experiment group versus the control group. These differences were not found in the hypothalamus when comparing the experimental and control animals.

Effect of antibodies to glutamate on retention of conditioned passive avoidance response in rats with ischemic injury of the prefrontal cortex.

Experiments were performed on rats with bilateral photothrombosis of vessels in the prefrontal cortex. Intranasal administration of antibodies to glutamate (1 h after ischemia of the brain cortex) improved retention of conditioned passive avoidance response, which was elicited before ischemic damage. The content of antibodies to glutamate in the serum of rats increased significantly on day 8 after bilateral photochemical thrombosis of vessels in the prefrontal cortex compared to that in the control.

Antiamnestic effects of antibodies to glutamate in experimental Alzheimer's disease.

Experiments on rats showed that neurodegenerative brain damage caused by administration of neurotoxic fragment of β-amyloid protein Aβ25-35 in a dose of 2 μg into Meynert giant cell nucleus leads to long-term memory impairment in rats. Intranasal administration of antibodies to glutamate in a dose of 300 μg/kg 1 h after damage restores learning capacity of the experimental animals in the conditioned passive avoidance paradigm.

Production of autoantibodies to glutamate during Alzheimer's dementia.

Increased production of autoantibodies to glutamate was found in blood plasma from patients with Alzheimer's dementia. The content of autoantibodies to glutamate in patients with early-onset Alzheimer's disease was much lower than in those with late-onset Alzheimer's disease (1.40+/-0.

[Endoprosthetic hip replacement in elderly patients with femoral neck fractures].

96 primary endoprosthetic hip replacements were performed in elderly patients with femoral neck fractures. The average age of the patients was 82,7 years. In cases of senile osteoporosis cement <> prosthesis was applied, when there were no signs of osteoporosis defined, non-cement <> construction was used.

[Glutamate antibodies in the development of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced Parkinsonian syndrome in C57B1/6 mice].

The experiments on mice C57B1/6 with MPTP-induced Parkinsonian syndrome have shown that preliminary and simultaneous intranasal injection of glutamate antibodies inhibit development of the syndrome. Administration of glutamate antibodies decreased tremor, rigidity and increased horizontal locomotion, movement velocity in the open field.

[Increase in the level of luminol-dependent chemoluminescence in mouse blood under the effect of certain synthetic peptides].

Synthetically produced peptides increased the luminol-dependent chemoluminescence of mice whole blood during phagocytosis. Using some peptides it is possible to cause an increase in the antimicrobial peroxidase system activity of neutrophils very rapidly (within seconds).

[In vitro effect of [D-Ala-4]-dermorphin on the luminol-dependent chemiluminescence of mouse whole blood during phagocytosis].

In vitro effect of biologically active D-Ala4-dermorphin on the phagocytizing and resting cells of mice whole blood was studied using luminol-dependent chemiluminescence. D-Ala4-dermorphin influenced only on chemiluminescence of the phygocytizing cells: maximal effect was observed at 1.015 X 10(-7) M of the peptide.

Conformational changes in the muscle proteins of cured beef during heating.

Structural changes caused by heating in the proteins of cured beef longissimus dorsi muscle were examined by fluorescence and differential scanning calorimetry. Denaturation occurred in four temperature ranges-40-55°C, 55-61°C, 62-70°C and above 70°C, in contrast to the three endothermic transitions reported for non-cured meats.

Electron microscopic studies of artificial supramolecular structures from collagen solutions.

Changes in the molecular structure of collagen fibrils isolated from solutions of native tropocollagen (TC) and of soluble collagen, obtained by enzymic (ESC) and alkaline-salt (ASC) methods, were studied by electron microscopy. It was found that, under certain conditions, it is possible to derive native-like fibrils (NF), segments with long spacings (SLS) and fibrils with long spacings (FLS)_from collagen solutions, these being very similar to structures precipitated from TC. Despite the fact that more structures with clear cross-striations can be isolated from ESC than from ASC, neither enzymic nor alkali-salt treatments cause substantial changes in the molecular structure of solubilized collagen, this determining its orderly aggregation.

Review of the flavour-contributing volatiles and water-soluble non-volatiles in pork meat and derived products.

In relation to the problem of meat flavour, volatile and minor non-volatile components of raw, cooked and pre-cured cooked pork meat (carbonyls, sulphur compounds, volatile fatty acids, alcohols and other volatiles, nucleotides and their decomposition products, free fatty acids) are considered. Quantitative changes in some of the components, as effected by technological treatments such as heating, curing and curing and heating, are compared. The possibility of evaluating the quality of heated cured pork products by the hydrogen sulphide/mercaptan ratio is indicated.

[New types of canned meats for infant and dietetic nutrition].

In line with the current concept for a balanced nutrition and physiological-biochemical peculiarities of the child's organism a raw meat was selected, formulations and technology of fabricating canned goods of meat and edible viscera of three degrees of communition for three age groups of children were elaborated. An approbation made in pediatric and medical establishments justified recommending inclusion of all the kinds of these canned meat in the ration of infants aged up to one year, and of the homogenized ones- also for dietetic consumption.