The Adaptive Value of Chromosomal Inversions and Climatic Change-Studies on the Natural Populations of from the Balkans.

The adaptive value of the chromosomal inversion polymorphism with regard to environmental effects is well-known. However, the specific details of the inversion adaptations to the global warming scenario deserve to be analyzed. Toward this aim, polymorphism and karyotypes were studied in 574 individuals from Petnica (Serbia) in annual samples taken in June for the period 2019-2022.

Rate of change for the thermal adapted inversions in Drosophila subobscura.

The changes of chromosomal inversion polymorphism composition of Drosophila subobscura in samples from Apatin (Serbia) were studied in a 24-years interval (1994-2018). The variation was significant for all autosomes and directional, increasing the inversions considered as 'warm', whereas those reported as 'cold' decreased. Furthermore, the Chromosomal Thermal Index (CTI), which allows studying the thermal adaptation of the whole karyotype increased significantly in that period of time.

Chromosomal Thermal Index: a comprehensive way to integrate the thermal adaptation of Drosophila subobscura whole karyotype.

Drosophila has demonstrated to be an excellent model to study the adaptation of organisms to global warming, with inversion chromosomal polymorphism having a key role in this adaptation. Here, we introduce a new index (Chromosomal Thermal Index or CTI) to quantify the thermal adaptation of a population according to its composition of "warm" and "cold" adapted inversions. This index is intuitive, has good statistical properties, and can be used to hypothesis on the effect of global warming on natural populations.

Inbreeding and thermal adaptation in Drosophila subobscura.

Using a well-adapted Drosophila subobscura population (Avala, Serbia), a drastic experiment of inbreeding was carried out to assess whether the expected level of homozygosity could be reached or if other evolutionary forces affected the process. In general, no significant changes of inversion (or arrangement) frequencies were detected after 12 brother-sister mating generations. Furthermore, no significant differences were obtained between observed and expected (under the inbreeding model) karyotypic frequencies.

Changes in chromosomal polymorphism and global warming: The case of Drosophila subobscura from Apatin (Serbia).

In this study, chromosomal inversion polymorphism data for a natural population of Drosophila subobscura from a swampy region near the town of Apatin (Serbia) were compared with data for the same population collected approximately 15 years earlier. The pattern of chromosomal inversion polymorphism changed over time. There were significant increases in the frequency of characteristic southern latitude ("warm" adapted) chromosomal arrangements and significant decreases in the frequency of characteristic northern latitude ("cold" adapted) chromosomal arrangements in the O and U chromosomes.

Viabilities of D. subobscura homo- and heterokaryotypes at optimal and stress temperatures. II. Seasonal component analysis.

Here we report the viability of natural chromosomal O-inversion structural homo- and heterokaryotypes in a population of D. subobscura from Avala Mountain, Serbia, subjected to cold and heat stress during spring 2004. These results were compared with those observed in the same population in September 2004.

Viabilities of Drosophila subobscura homo- and heterokaryotypes at optimal and stress temperatures. I. analysis over several years.

The interactions of lethal and non-lethal genes and their contributions to the viability of Drosophila inversion karyotypes are not well understood. This is especially true under variable environmental conditions. Here we examine the viability of natural chromosomal O-inversion homo- and heterokaryotypes in a D.

The genetic structure of Balkan populations of Drosophila subobscura.

Although Drosophila subobscura has been a model organism for European and American population geneticists, little information is available on the genetic structure of its natural populations. In this paper we report the estimates of some population parameters. We have used data from lethal allelism tests in four Balkan populations (Kamariste, Djerdap and Petnica in Serbia and Zanjic in Montenegro).

Viabilities of originally natural O-chromosomal inversion homo- and heterokaryotypes in Drosophila subobscura.

The influence of epistatic interactions of lethal and non-lethal genes upon viability of Drosophila inversion karyotypes is poorly known. In this paper we present comparative results for viabilities of 21 originally natural O-inversion homo- and 38 heterokaryotypes in a D. subobscura population.