[Several techniques can help men with testicular azoospermia to become biological fathers].

Men with testicular azoospermia (NOA) have impaired spermatogenesis, and surgical testicular procedures are required to retrieve sperm. If testicular sperm can be retrieved, men with NOA can become biological fathers via intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). Several techniques are available today, such as needle aspiration (TESA), percutaneous biopsies and open biopsies (conventional TESE/micro-TESE).

Vaginal progesterone as luteal phase support in natural cycle frozen-thawed embryo transfer (ProFET): protocol for a multicentre, open-label, randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: Vaginal progesterone supplementation is frequently given to patients receiving frozen embryo transfer (FET) in the natural cycle aiming to increase the chance of pregnancy and live birth. To date, only a few studies have investigated if progesterone supplementation is beneficial in these cycles and the level of evidence for progesterone supplementation is very low.

Methods And Analysis: The ProFET trial is a multicentre, open-label, randomised controlled trial powered for this investigation, including 1800 women with regular menstrual cycles (24-35 days), aged 18-43 years planned for natural cycle-FET receiving a single blastocyst for transfer.

A double-blind randomized controlled trial investigating a time-lapse algorithm for selecting Day 5 blastocysts for transfer.

Study Question: Can use of a commercially available time-lapse algorithm for Day 5 blastocyst selection improve pregnancy rates compared with morphology alone?

Summary Answer: The use of a time-lapse selection model to choose blastocysts for fresh single embryo transfer on Day 5 did not improve ongoing pregnancy rate compared to morphology alone.

What Is Known Already: Evidence from time-lapse monitoring suggests correlations between timing of key developmental events and embryo viability. No good quality evidence exists to support improved pregnancy rates following time-lapse selection.

Utility of micro-TESE in the most severe cases of non-obstructive azoospermia.

The use of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) has been a major breakthrough in the treatment of male infertility. Even patients with non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) may benefit from the ICSI technique to father a child as long as spermatogenesis is present. There are several techniques to recover testicular sperm in patients with NOA.

[Microdissection testicular sperm extraction (MD-TESE) - a new sperm recovery technique helping men with non-obstructive azoospermia].

The most severe form of male infertility is non obstructive azoospermia (NOA), where spermatogenesis is impaired or absent. If testicular sperm can be retrieved, men with NOA can become biological fathers with IVF/ ICSI. In Sweden, testicular sperm aspiration (TESA) is the most common method used to retrieve sperm but is only successful in up to 34% of procedures.

Neonatal and maternal outcome after blastocyst transfer: a population-based registry study.

Background: Previous studies have shown a higher risk of birth defects and preterm birth (PTB) in singletons born after blastocyst transfer as compared to singletons born after cleavage-stage transfer. Few studies have investigated the maternal outcomes.

Objective: We sought to analyze the neonatal and maternal outcome after blastocyst transfer (day 5-6) compared to transfer of cleavage-stage embryos (day 2-3) and spontaneous conception.

Pre-ovarian block versus paracervical block for oocyte retrieval.

Background: A pre-ovarian block (POB) technique can be used for pain relief during oocyte retrieval in IVF. The local anaesthetic is deposited in the vaginal wall and between the vaginal wall and the peritoneal surface near the ovary using ultrasound guidance. The aim of this study was to test whether analgesia with POB resulted in improved pain relief compared to paracervical block (PCB).

Effect of a synthetic progestin on the exercise status of sedentary young women.

Context: The impact of progestins on exercise performance in women has not been previously studied.

Objective: The objective of this study was to examine the effect of a synthetic progestin on aspects of exercise status in young women. DESIGN, PATIENTS, SETTING: Twenty-three young, healthy, habitually sedentary women participated in a single-blind, randomized, counterbalanced, cross-over study in a university-based laboratory setting.

Testicular sonography in men with Klinefelter syndrome shows irregular echogenicity and blood flow of high resistance.

Purpose: Klinefelter syndrome is the most common chromosomal aberration among azoospermic men. We wanted to compare testicular echogenicity and intratesticular arterial blood in men with this syndrome versus men with normal sperm parameters.

Methods: Testicular sonography including Doppler imaging, was performed as part of the infertility workup in 26 men with Klinefelter syndrome as well as in 26 men with normal sperm parameters.