Synthesis, Anticonvulsant, Antinociceptive Activity and Preliminary Safety Evaluations of Novel Hybrid Imidazolidine-2,4-Dione Derivatives with Morpholine Moiety.

This study aimed to design new hybrid compounds with imidazolidin-2,4-dione and morpholine rings as broad spectrum anticonvulsants. To achieve this goal, all compounds were evaluated in animal seizure models, namely the maximal electroshock (MES), the subcutaneous pentylenetetrazole (scPTZ), and selected in the 6 Hz (32 mA) tests. The most promising compound, 5-isopropyl-3-(morpholinomethyl)-5-phenylimidazolidine-2,4-dione (19), demonstrated broader anticonvulsant activity than phenytoin or levetiracetam, with ED of 26.

A decade of conservation agriculture in intensive cereal systems: Transitioning to soil resilience and stable yield trends in a climate crisis.

Climate change jeopardizes the food security gains achieved in India since the Green Revolution, especially by impacting the productivity of the rice-wheat system in the Indo-Gangetic Plain, a region that serves as the 'breadbasket' of South Asia. In this study, we characterized the potential of long-term conservation agriculture (CA) based management practices (i.e.

Discovery of New 3-(Benzo[]Thiophen-2-yl)Pyrrolidine-2,5-Dione Derivatives as Potent Antiseizure and Antinociceptive Agents-In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation.

: To address the unmet clinical needs in the treatment of epilepsy and pain, the continued development of more effective and safer anticonvulsants and analgesics is still necessary. Therefore, herein we report synthesis and antiseizure/antinociceptive evaluation of a focused series of 3-(benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl)pyrrolidine-2,5-dione derivatives. : The anticonvulsant properties were investigated in acute models of seizures, namely the maximal electroshock (MES), the 6 Hz (32 mA), and subcutaneous pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) seizure models, whereas analgesic activity was tested in the model of a tonic pain/formalin test and oxaliplatin-induced neuropathic pain (in CD-1-mice, i.

Optimization of Foams-Polypropylene Fiber-Reinforced Concrete Mixtures Dedicated for 3D Printing.

The continued global urbanization of the world is driving the development of the construction industry. In order to protect the environment, intensive research has been carried out in recent years on the development of sustainable materials and ecological construction methods. Scientific research often focuses on developing building materials that are renewable, energy-efficient, and have minimal impact on the environment throughout their life cycle.

Use of Innovative Methods to Produce Highly Insulating Walls Using 3D-Printing Technology.

The article explores innovative methods for creating high-insulation walls, essential for the future of energy-efficient and sustainable construction. It focuses on advanced 3D-printing technologies that allow for the construction of walls with superior insulation materials, optimizing thermal properties and significantly reducing energy for heating and cooling. The integration of thermal insulation within wall structures and innovations in building materials like lightweight composites, aerogels, and nanotechnology-based insulations are highlighted.

A randomized, blinded study of photobiomodulation in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease showed no preventive effect.

Photobiomodulation (PBM), the process of exposing tissue to red or near-infrared light, has become a topic of great interest as a therapy for diverse pathologies, including neurodegenerative disorders. Here, we aimed to evaluate the potential beneficial effect of PBM on Alzheimer's disease (AD) using behavioral and histological readouts from a well-established transgenic murine AD model (5xFAD mice) in a randomized and fully blinded long-term in-vivo study following GLP (Good Laboratory Practices) guidelines. The heads of the mice were illuminated with no (sham), low or high power 810 nm light, three times a week for 5 months from the first to the sixth month of life corresponding to the prodromal phase of the pathology.

Feasibility Review of Aerated Materials Application in 3D Concrete Printing.

Recent years have witnessed a growing global interest in 3D concrete printing technology due to its economic and scientific advantages. The application of foamed concrete, renowned for its exceptional thermal and acoustic insulation properties, not only holds economic attractiveness but also aligns seamlessly with the principles of sustainable development. This study explores various solutions related to 3D printing technology in construction, discussing the design, production, and properties of foamed concrete mixtures.

Influence of the In-Fill Pattern of the 3D Printed Building Wall on Its Thermal Insulation.

The intensive development of 3D Concrete Printing (3DCP) technology causes constantly increased its share in the construction sector. However, in order to produce products with controlled properties, optimization of the technological process is still required. Automation of production based on additive manufacturing methods streamlines the process by comprehensively manufacturing building components that meet, among others, strength, visual, and insulation requirements.

Impact of Gd doping on structural, electronic, magnetic, and photocatalytic properties of MnFeO nanoferrites and application in dye-polluted wastewater remediation.

The present work focuses on developing Gd-doped Mn spinel nanoferrites and their potential application in the photodegradation of water pollutants. The impact of Gd ion substitution on structural, electronic, and magnetic characteristics of manganese ferrites has been studied. Nanocrystalline samples of MnGdFeO (x = 0.

Properties of 3D Printed Concrete-Geopolymer Hybrids Reinforced with Aramid Roving.

Three-dimensional concrete printing (3DCP) is an innovative technology that can lead to breakthrough modifications of production processes in the construction industry. The paper presents for the first time the possibility of 3D printing concrete-geopolymer hybrids reinforced with aramid roving. Reference concrete samples and concrete-geopolymer hybrids composed of 95% concrete and 5% geopolymer based on fly ash or metakaolin were produced.

Electronic, optical and magnetic properties of Cu-doped ZnO, a possible system for eco-friendly and energy-efficient spintronic applications.

Polycrystalline ZnCuO (x = 0.0, 0.02, and 0.

Scalable diversification options delivers sustainable and nutritious food in Indo-Gangetic plains.

Indo-Gangetic plains (IGP) of South Asia have supported bulk of human and bovine population in the region since ages, and a spectacular progress has been made in food production. However, malnutrition, diminishing total factor productivity, and natural resource degradation continue to plague this cereal-dominated region, which is also vulnerable to climate change. Addressing these challenges would require a transition towards diversifying cereal rotations with agroecological cropping systems.

Risk factors for development of lymphopenia in dimethyl fumarate-treated patients with multiple sclerosis.

Background: Dimethyl fumarate (DMF, Tecfidera®) is a first-line disease-modifying therapy for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Lymphopenia is a frequent reason for discontinuation in fumarate-treated patients. Management strategies to minimize risk of lymphopenia are warranted.

Hypothalamic Neurochemical Changes in Long-Term Recovered Bilateral Subdiaphragmatic Vagotomized Rats.

Background: Vagus nerve is one of the crucial routes in communication between the immune and central nervous systems. The impaired vagal nerve function may intensify peripheral inflammatory processes. This effect subsides along with prolonged recovery after permanent nerve injury.

Energy and economic efficiency of climate-smart agriculture practices in a rice-wheat cropping system of India.

Intensive tillage operations, indiscriminate use of irrigation water, chemical fertilizers, and pesticides and crop biomass burning have made the conventional rice-wheat (RW) system highly energy-intensive and inefficient. In the recent past, portfolios of climate-smart agricultural practices (CSAP) have been promoted as a potential alternative to improve the energy efficiency in conventional RW system. Therefore, to evaluate the energy input-output relation, energy flow and economic efficiency in various combinations of crop management options, a 3-year (2014-2017) on-farm study was conducted at Karnal, India.

Antinociceptive and Antiallodynic Activity of Some 3-(3-Methylthiophen-2-yl)pyrrolidine-2,5-dione Derivatives in Mouse Models of Tonic and Neuropathic Pain.

Antiseizure drugs (ASDs) are commonly used to treat a wide range of nonepileptic conditions, including pain. In this context, the analgesic effect of four pyrrolidine-2,5-dione derivatives (compounds , , , and ), with previously confirmed anticonvulsant and preliminary antinociceptive activity, was assessed in established pain models. Consequently, antinociceptive activity was examined in a mouse model of tonic pain (the formalin test).

Distortion and instability compensation with deep learning for rotational scanning endoscopic optical coherence tomography.

Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) is increasingly used in endoluminal procedures since it provides high-speed and high resolution imaging. Distortion and instability of images obtained with a proximal scanning endoscopic OCT system are significant due to the motor rotation irregularity, the friction between the rotating probe and outer sheath and synchronization issues. On-line compensation of artefacts is essential to ensure image quality suitable for real-time assistance during diagnosis or minimally invasive treatment.

Hybrid Materials Based on Fly Ash, Metakaolin, and Cement for 3D Printing.

Nowadays, one very dynamic development of 3D printing technology is required in the construction industry. However, the full implementation of this technology requires the optimization of the entire process, starting from the design of printing ideas, and ending with the development and implementation of new materials. The article presents, for the first time, the development of hybrid materials based on a geopolymer or ordinary Portland cement matrix that can be used for various 3D concrete-printing methods.

Expression of versican mRNA transcript to predict cardiac remodelling after myocardial infarction.

Background: Adverse left-ventricular remodelling (LVR) is defined as an increase in end-diastolic left-ventricular volume by 20% 6 months after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). LVR is associated with cardiac dysfunction, therefore deteriorating the prognosis.

Aims: We aimed to compare the concentrations of messenger RNA transcripts in the peripheral blood of patients with and without LVR at 6 months.

Synthesis, Anticonvulsant, and Antinociceptive Activity of New 3-(2-Chlorophenyl)- and 3-(3-Chlorophenyl)-2,5-dioxo-pyrrolidin-1-yl-acetamides.

The new series of 3-(2-chlorophenyl)- and 3-(3-chlorophenyl)-pyrrolidine-2,5-dione-acetamide derivatives as potential anticonvulsant and analgesic agents was synthesized. The compounds obtained were evaluated in the following acute models of epilepsy: maximal electroshock (MES), psychomotor (6 Hz, 32 mA), and subcutaneous pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) seizure tests. The most active substance-3-(2-chlorophenyl)-1-{2-[4-(4-fluorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxoethyl}-pyrrolidine-2,5-dione () showed more beneficial ED and protective index values than the reference drug-valproic acid (68.

Insight into the Reaction of Alexidine with Sodium Hypochlorite: A Potential Error in Endodontic Treatment.

Therapeutic success in endodontic treatment depends on successful infection control. Alexidine dihydrochloride (ALX) was recently proposed as a potential alternative to 2% chlorhexidine (CHX) as it possesses similar antimicrobial properties, expresses substantivity and does not produce p-chloroaniline (PCA) when mixed with sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl). However, the products released in this reaction have not been described to date.