Identification of Potential Insulinotropic Cytotoxins from Indian Cobra Snake Venom Using High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry and Analyzing Their Possible Interactions with Potassium Channel Receptors by In Silico Studies.

Snake venoms are a potential source of bioactive peptides, which have multiple therapeutic properties in treating diseases such as diabetes, cancer, and neurological disorders. Among bioactive peptides, cytotoxins (CTXs) and neurotoxins are low molecular weight proteins belonging to the three-finger-fold toxins (3FTxs) family composed of two β sheets that are stabilized by four to five conserved disulfide bonds containing 58-72 amino acid residues. These are highly abundant in snake venom and are predicted to have insulinotropic activities.

Quercetin-3-O-rhamnoside from Euphorbia hirta protects against snake Venom induced toxicity.

Background: The plant Euphorbia hirta is widely used against snake envenomations in rural areas and it was proved to be effective in animal models. Therefore, the scientific validation of its phytoconstituents for their antiophidian activity is aimed in the present study.

Methods: E.

Pre-clinical assessment of the effectiveness of modified polyvalent antivenom in the neutralization of Naja naja venom toxicity.

The potency of conventional antivenom (AV) conjugated to soy protein nanoparticles (NPs) (C-AV) was compared with the free AV in neutralizing the systemic toxicity of Naja naja venom. The effective dose (ED ) of AV and C-AV to neutralize the venom-induced toxicity in mice was found to be 19.89 and 9.

Protective effect of Euphorbia hirta and its components against snake venom induced lethality.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Despite the use of snake anti-venom therapy, herbal medicine is still in practice to treat snakebites. Euphorbia hirta is traditionally used as antidote for snakebites and also for numerous other ailments. However, the scientific evidence for its anti-snake venom property is still lacking.

Formulation and characterisation of antibody-conjugated soy protein nanoparticles--implications for neutralisation of snake venom with improved efficiency.

The present study reports the formulation of soy protein nanoparticles and its conjugation to antivenom. The conditions for nanoparticle formation were optimised by considering particle size, count rate, stability and zeta potential. The smallest particle size of 70.