Evolution of structural dynamics in cesium lead halide perovskite colloidal nanocrystals from temperature-controlled synthesis.

Halide perovskite nanocrystals are at the forefront of materials research due to their remarkable optoelectronic properties and versatile applications. While their lattice structure and optical properties have been extensively investigated for the structure-property correlation, their lattice dynamics, the physical link between the lattice structure and optoelectronic properties, has been much less visited. We report the evolution of structural dynamics of a series of cesium lead halide perovskite nanocrystals whose size and morphology are systematically varied by synthesis temperature.

Simple Visualization of Universal Ferroelastic Domain Walls in Lead Halide Perovskites.

Domain features and domain walls in lead halide perovskites (LHPs) have attracted broad interest due to their potential impact on optoelectronic properties of this unique class of solution-processable semiconductors. Using nonpolarized light and simple imaging configurations, ferroelastic twin domains and their switchings through multiple consecutive phase transitions are directly visualized. This direct optical contrast originates from finite optical reflections at the wall interface between two compositionally identical, orientationally different, optically anisotropic domains inside the material bulk.

Zn-Alloyed All-Inorganic Halide Perovskite-Based White Light-Emitting Diodes with Superior Color Quality.

Recently, lead halide perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) have gained tremendous attention in optoelectronic devices due to their excellent optical properties. However, the toxicity of lead limits their practical applications. Here, the synthesis of Zn-alloyed CsZnPbX (up to 15%) NCs is reported to achieve lead-reduced white light-emitting diodes (WLEDs).

Design rules for white light emitters with high light extraction efficiency.

The finite-difference time-domain method is employed to study the light extraction efficiency of white light emitters. The cone arrays designed on top of white light emitters eliminate the dependency of light extraction on the wavelength and the cavity thickness and that leads to significant enhancement in light extraction efficiency for whole visible light spectrum. The light extraction efficiency of 81% has been achieved.

Tetradic phosphor white light with variable CCT and superlative CRI through organolead halide perovskite nanocrystals.

In this work, the emission spectral range of halide perovskite nanocrystals is extended from violet to infrared, the widest emission range for halide perovskites to date. This range extension was made possible by a cost-effective solution-based synthesis process that only involves two halides [MAPb(Br I ) and MA = CHNH]. Furthermore, the correlated-color temperature (CCT) of white light is tuned by blending an appropriate fraction of the as-synthesized blue, green, yellow, and red emitting nanocrystals.

Correlation of soil organic carbon and nutrients (NPK) to soil mineralogy, texture, aggregation, and land use pattern.

This work investigates the correlations existing among soil organic carbon (C), nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P), potassium (K), and physicochemical properties like clay mineralogy, textural components, soil aggregation, and land use pattern. Seven different locations were chosen in the tropical rainforest climate region of Assam, India, for the work. The soil texture classifications were clay, sandy clay loam, and sandy loam with mixed clay mineralogy consisting of tectosilicates and phylosilicates.

Ecotoxicological risk assessment of trace metals in humid subtropical soil.

In this work, several physicochemical properties of sub-tropical soil (up to 20 cm depth) like water holding capacity, organic carbon content, cation exchange capacity, texture, pH, and electrical conductivity were determined along with the trace metals, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn, in order to evaluate inter-relations among the trace metals and the soil properties. The contribution of the trace metals to ecotoxicological risk was assessed using various tools. Cr, Cu, Mn and Zn contents were found to be lower than the world average, but Co, Ni, and Pb had higher contents.

Impact of pulp and paper mill effluents and solid wastes on soil mineralogical and physicochemical properties.

The present study was carried out to evaluate the impact of the effluents and the solid wastes generated by a giant pulp and paper mill in the northeastern part of India on soil mineralogy of the area. The impacts were monitored by analysis of soil samples from seven sites located in the potential impact zone and a control site where any kind of effluent discharge or solid waste dumping was absent. The soil belonged to medium texture type (sandy clay loam, sandy loam, loamy sand, and silt loam), and the soil aggregate analysis indicated higher levels of organic carbon, pH, electrical conductivity, effective cation exchange capacity, and mean weight diameter at sites receiving effluents and solid wastes from the pulp and paper mill.