Effects of Social Structure on Effective Population Size Change Estimates.

Most methods currently used to infer the "demographic history of species" interpret this expression as a history of population size changes. The detection, quantification, and dating of demographic changes often rely on the assumption that population structure can be neglected. However, most vertebrates are typically organized in populations subdivided into social groups that are usually ignored in the interpretation of genetic data.

Corrigendum to "Clothing design solutions for children with developmental disabilities: A scoping review protocol" [MethodsX Volume 13 (2024) 102974].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.

Generative Artificial Intelligence: Applications in Scientific Writing and Data Analysis in Wound Healing Research.

Generative artificial intelligence (AI) models are a new technological development with vast research use cases among medical subspecialties. These powerful large language models offer a wide range of possibilities in wound care, from personalized patient support to optimized treatment plans and improved scientific writing. They can also assist in efficiently navigating the literature and selecting and summarizing articles, enabling researchers to focus on impactful studies relevant to wound care management and enhancing response quality through prompt-learning iterations.

Quantum Turnstiles for Robust Measurement of Full Counting Statistics.

We present a scalable protocol for measuring full counting statistics (FCS) in experiments or tensor-network simulations. In this method, an ancilla in the middle of the system acts as a turnstile, with its phase keeping track of the time-integrated particle flux. Unlike quantum gas microscopy, the turnstile protocol faithfully captures FCS starting from number-indefinite initial states or in the presence of noisy dynamics.

The effect of novel Head and Trunk Control Rehabilitation (HATCoRe) device in children with cerebral palsy: Single-Subject multiple baseline protocol.

Objective: Head and trunk control is essential for enhancing engagement and participation by improving visual integration, respiration, oromotor skill, arm control, and self-care. Our study protocol aims to investigate the effect of novel Head And Trunk Control Rehabilitation (HATCoRe) device on promoting head and trunk control in children with Cerebral Palsy (CP).

Method: This single subject multiple baseline design trial will include six children with CP aged two to 10 years, exhibiting delayed head and trunk control, having Gross Motor Function Classification System level IV and V will be enrolled.

Harnessing street shade to mitigate heat stress: An in-situ parallel investigation under extreme heat conditions in tropical Singapore.

In the face of global rising temperatures and excessive urban heat, developing effective heat mitigation strategies has become increasingly urgent. Street shade, a typical cooling shelter for urban dwellers, has been primarily investigated for outdoor thermal comfort but not extensively under extreme heat conditions. This study explores the cooling efficacy of diverse street shade types in mitigating urban heat, thereby facilitating cities and their residents' adaptation to climatic shifts.

Study of Subcutaneous Pressure in Lower Limb Cellulitis and its Correlation With Surgical Intervention.

Introduction Cellulitis is a prevalent bacterial skin infection, particularly affecting the lower limbs and often necessitating clinical intervention due to its considerable incidence rate. Factors like venous insufficiency, lymphedema, and recurring episodes increase the risk of relapse, complicating treatment strategies. Although antibiotics and limb elevation are standard care, severe cases may require surgical intervention.

Non-Gaussian diffusive fluctuations in Dirac fluids.

Dirac fluids-interacting systems obeying particle-hole symmetry and Lorentz invariance-are among the simplest hydrodynamic systems; they have also been studied as effective descriptions of transport in strongly interacting Dirac semimetals. Direct experimental signatures of the Dirac fluid are elusive, as its charge transport is diffusive as in conventional metals. In this paper, we point out a striking consequence of fluctuating relativistic hydrodynamics: The full counting statistics (FCS) of charge transport is highly non-Gaussian.

Delayed percutaneous intradiscal hydrogel herniation causing neurological injury after minor trauma: illustrative case.

Background: Percutaneous intradiscal hydrogel injection has been used to treat low-back pain (LBP) due to degenerative disc disease with or without mild radicular pain. Complications from these procedures are underreported. In this case lesson, the authors present a rare case of a patient with herniated intradiscal hydrogel following a minor trauma leading to neurological injury.

Immunoglobulin A Vasculitis Nephritis in an Adult.

Immunoglobulin A vasculitis (IgAV; initially known as Henoch-Schönlein purpura) is a form of vasculitis involving the small blood vessels of the gastrointestinal tract, skin, joints, and kidney, presenting as a multisystem disorder. A 21-year-old gentleman presented with joint pain, skin rash, abdominal pain, and proteinuria. Biopsies performed from the skin and kidney were both consistent with IgA deposition.

Fighting to thrive via plant growth regulators: Green chemical strategies for drought stress tolerance.

As global climate change intensifies, the occurrence and severity of various abiotic stresses will significantly threaten plant health and productivity. Drought stress (DS) is a formidable obstacle, disrupting normal plant functions through specific morphological, physiological, biochemical, and molecular mechanisms. Understanding how plants navigate DS is paramount to mitigating its adverse effects.

The fly brain lands in Tokyo: A report on the 3rd Asia Pacific Drosophila Neurobiology Conference.

The third Asia Pacific Drosophila Neurobiology Conference (APDNC3) was held in the Wako Campus of RIKEN in Tokyo, Japan, from February 27th to March 1st, 2024. While APDNC2 was held in Taiwan in 2019, the global coronavirus pandemic enforced a long hiatus. Hence, APDNC3 was a much-anticipated meeting that attracted ~218 scientists from 18 different countries and regions, 154 from outside Japan.

Efficacy of two different microbial consortia on salinity tolerance in chickpea: an in-planta evaluation on biochemical, histochemical, and genomic aspects.

This study aimed to identify and characterize actinobacteria and rhizobia with plant growth-promoting (PGP) traits from chickpea plants. Out of 275 isolated bacteria, 25 actinobacteria and 5 chickpea rhizobia showed 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase (ACCd) activity. Selected chickpea rhizobia were tested for their nodulating capacity under sterile and non-sterile soil conditions.

A Ray of Hope in Darkness: A Case Report on the Rehabilitation of a Patient With Sudden Visual Impairment Due to Traumatic Optic Neuropathy.

Traumatic optic neuropathy (TON) refers to optic nerve damage resulting from trauma to the eye or head. Loss of visual functions is the hallmark of all optic neuropathies. Due to the sudden loss of vision, even after treatment, patients feel physically and psychologically disturbed.

Comparative Effectiveness of Ascorbic Acid vs. Calcium Ascorbate Ingestion on Pharmacokinetic Profiles and Immune Biomarkers in Healthy Adults: A Preliminary Study.

Background: Previous trials have displayed augmented intracellular vitamin C concentrations in the leukocytes at 24 h after acute supplementation with 1000 mg calcium ascorbate (CA), compared to ascorbic acid (AA).

Objective: The primary objective was to evaluate comparative leukocyte vitamin C accumulation kinetics over 32 h following acute 250 mg or 500 mg doses from the two sources. Secondary objectives were to evaluate neutrophil phagocytic function and lymphocyte differentiation between the two sources of vitamin C.

Clothing design solutions for children with developmental disabilities: A scoping review protocol.

Children with Developmental Disabilities (DD) often face significant challenges in performing dressing task, fundamental activities of daily living. Inability to accomplish this task independently significantly impacts participation in social and recreational activities, affecting Quality of Life (QoL). Additionally, burden on caregivers increases which in turn leads to stress and burnout.

Dosing of Venetoclax in Pediatric Patients with Relapsed Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Analysis of Developmental Pharmacokinetics and Exposure-Response Relationships.

Purpose: This work aimed to characterize the pharmacokinetics and exposure-response relationships of venetoclax in pediatric patients with relapsed or refractory (R/R) acute myeloid leukemia (AML) to identify venetoclax doses to be administered to pediatric patients in the phase 3 study.

Methods: Data from 121 patients across three phase 1 studies enrolling pediatric patients with R/R malignancies were utilized to develop a population pharmacokinetic model to describe venetoclax pharmacokinetics in pediatric patients. Individual patient average venetoclax plasma concentration up to the event of interest, derived based on the population pharmacokinetics analysis, was used to evaluate the exposure-response relationships to efficacy (complete response) and safety (neutropenia and thrombocytopenia) endpoints for patients with AML who received venetoclax in combination with azacitidine, decitabine, or cytarabine (n = 36).

Standards-based audit to improve quality of maternal and newborn care-A stepped-wedge cluster randomised trial in Malawi.

Background: Audit is a quality improvement approach used in maternal and newborn health. Our objective was to introduce the practice of standards-based audit at healthcare facility level, and to examine if this would improve quality of care assessed by compliance with standards developed and agreed with healthcare providers. Our focus was on emergency obstetric and newborn care (EmONC).

Insight Into Uncommon Territory: Exploring Internuclear Ophthalmoplegia in Artery of Percheron Infarct.

Internuclear ophthalmoplegia (INO), a neurological disorder is characterized by horizontal gaze palsy because of a lesion in the medial longitudinal fasciculus, a neural pathway that is mainly responsible for coordinating the movements of the eye. INO presents with diplopia and impaired adduction of the affected eye, accompanied by abducting eye nystagmus. The condition also arises from different etiologies which include multiple sclerosis, encephalitis, Lyme disease, HIV, and herpes zoster.