Publications by authors named "Gopalakrishnan Nair"

Aim: To see whether prophylactic central compartment dissection is recommended for advanced papillary thyroid cancer or as part of selective neck node dissection. Central compartment dissection is a technically demanding surgical procedure and carries a higher incidence of complications. The present retrospective case-control study analysed the impact of prophylactic central compartment dissection on the long-term outcome of advanced (N0-T3/T4) papillary thyroid cancer.

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Context: A significant number of fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) for thyroid nodules is reported as indeterminate. Expensive molecular testing can give a clue to the possibility of malignancy in this group. The effectiveness of serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels as a diagnostic tool in euthyroid patients with indeterminate cytology has not been previously studied, especially in the Indian population.

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Glycan is an essential molecule that controls and drives life in a precise direction. The paucity of research in glycobiology may impede the significance of its role in the pandemic guidelines. The SARS-CoV-2 spike protein is heavily glycosylated, with 22 putative N-glycosylation sites and 17 potential O-glycosylation sites discovered thus far.

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The present investigation aims for the synthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) using plant extract. The obtained CuO NPs were characterised by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectrum, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, photoluminescence, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy analysis. Significant bacterial activity was manifested by CuO nanoparticles against both Gram-positive ( and ) and Gram-negative ( and ) bacteria.

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Introduction: Thyroidectomy is effective and safe procedure for permanent cure of hyperthyroidism (HT). Iodine preparations are widely used before operation to prevent excess blood loss. Ideal regimen for refractory HT is debated.

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Introduction: Thyroidectomy is now a less popular therapeutic option for Graves' disease. The frequency of thyroid nodule and the cancer risk of these nodules accompanying Graves' disease are controversial. The outcome of thyroid cancers coexisting with Graves' disease is debated.

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Background: The American Thyroid Association (ATA) recommends thyroid lobectomy for 1 to 4 cm tumors without adverse features. We studied the prevalence of adverse pathological features in patients eligible for unilateral lobectomy.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of patients who underwent total thyroidectomy.

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IntroductÍon: Goiter is a very common problem dealt with by surgeons. Surgical treatment of thyroid requires removal of a part (hemi) or whole of the gland (total thyroidectomy). The external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve (EBSLN) is an important but less researched structure to be preserved during surgery.

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Introduction: Somatic B-type Raf kinase (BRAF) V600E mutation in exon 15 was frequently found in high frequencies associated with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). The phenotype of these cancers expressed aggressive clinical and pathological features. The present study aimed to assess the prevalence of BRAF V600E mutation among conventional and follicular variants of PTC and its association with aggressive tumor factors and outcome.

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Introduction: Symptomatic primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is still seen frequently in referral centers all over India. These patients require parathyroidectomy and this study aimed to assess the roll of intraoperative parathyroid hormone (PTH) assay when concordant results of two localization studies were available.

Study Design: We analyzed the case records of patients who underwent parathyroidectomy for PHPT from January 2005 to June 2015.

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Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) are widely used in several commercial products due to their unique physicochemical properties. However, their release into the aquatic environments through various anthropogenic activities will lead to toxic effect in aquatic organisms. Although several investigations have been reported on the effect of ZnONPs in aquatic organisms using traditional end points such as survival, growth, and reproduction, the molecular level end points are faster and sensitive.

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Unlabelled: Chronic inflammatory diseases of the non-lactating breasts cause considerable difficulty in diagnosis and treatment. There is a spectrum of aetiological factors ranging from infection to autoimmune disorders. The disease causes considerable morbidity and psychological distress in relatively young females.

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The expression of cell cycle genes and DNA mismatch repair (MMR) genes were analyzed in Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings exposed to 0, 0.2, 0.5 and 1 mg/L of silver nanoparticles for 24, 48 and 72 h using real-time PCR.

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Lithium salts are widely used in psychiatric practice and are known to induce thyroid dysfunction. Lithium-induced parathyroid dysfunction is rare. We are reporting a case of hyperparathyroidism in a 28-year-old female patient who was on lithium carbonate for 2 years, when she developed osteopenia and girdle girdle-type muscle weakness.

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Worldwide, health care segment is under a severe challenge to achieve more accurate and intelligent biomedical systems in order to assist healthcare professionals with more accurate and consistent data as well as reliability. The role of ECG in healthcare is one of the paramount importances and it has got a multitude of abnormal relations and anomalies which characterizes intricate cardiovascular performance image. Until the recent past, ECG instruments and analysis played the role of providing the PQRST signal as raw observational output either on paper or on a console or in a file having many diagnostic clues embedded in the signal left to the expert cardiologist to look out for characteristic intervals and to detect the cardiovascular abnormality.

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Background: Permanent hypocalcaemia following thyroidectomy causes considerable morbidity. This prospective observational study aims to define the factors likely to predict hypocalcaemia following total thyroidectomy.

Materials And Methods: Patients who were subjected to total thyroidectomy during January 2005 to December 2009 were followed up for a minimum period of 1 year.

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Thyroid nodules are common. Thyroid cancer is rarer. No guidelines exist for management of thyroid nodules in the Indian context and these recommendations are intended for this purpose.

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Over the last 10 years there has been increasing evidence of a strong association between Idiopathic Deep vein thrombosis (IDVT) and occult malignancy. A review of world literature puts this new clinical entity as 4 -25%10. This mandates screening all cases of IDVT for a hidden malignancy.

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Role of total thyroidectomy in treatment of patients with benign diseases of thyroid gland remains controversial. The hypothesis behind the study is that total thyroidectomy can be performed in all benign thyroid diseases with equal rate of immediate and late complications compared with those of subtotal thyroidectomy. The retrospective case control study was done by reviewing the case records of patients with benign thyroid diseases involving both lobes operated during May, 2002 to September, 2004.

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Telemedicine is starting to play an important role in the health field in India. In this case report we describe the successful use of telementoring to remove a parathyroid tumor in a patient with residual hyperparathyroidism after two previous unsuccessful attempts in tumor excision. A 21-yr-old patient crippled with advanced hyperparathyroidism was taken up for third-time exploration at Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences (AIMS), Kochi, with guidance from the Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGIMS), Lucknow, using telemedicine technology.

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Background: The conventional antiscabietics have poor compliance. Ivermectin, an oral antiparasitic drug, has been shown to be an effective scabicide and could be a useful substitute.

Objective: This study compares the efficacy of oral ivermectin with topical permethrin cream in the treatment of scabies.

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Two cases of Cowden syndrome with typical features are presented. In addition to the cutaneous lesions like facial trichilemmomas, oral mucosal fibromas, acrokeratosis verruciformis and palmo plantar hyperkeratosis, the first patient had follicular carcinoma of thyroid, fibrocystic disease of the breasts and ovarian teratoma and second patient had a cerebellar hamartoma (Lhermitte Duclos syndrome) which is a rare entity.

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Atopy in Lichen Simplex Chronicus.

Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol

January 1981

A study of 50 patients with lichen simplex chronicus and 50 patients with scabies as control shows a significant family history of atopic disorders in patients with lichen simplex chronicus.

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