Co-creation of a step-by-step guide for specifying the test-management pathway to formulate focused guideline questions about healthcare related tests.

Background: Guideline development on testing is known to be difficult for guideline developers. It requires consideration of various aspects, such as accuracy, purpose of testing, and consequences on management and people-important outcomes. This can be outlined in a test-management pathway.

Scoping review and evidence mapping of interventions aimed at improving reproducible and replicable science: Protocol.

Background: Many interventions, especially those linked to open science, have been proposed to improve reproducibility in science. To what extent these propositions are based on scientific evidence from empirical evaluations is not clear.

Aims: The primary objective is to identify Open Science interventions that have been formally investigated regarding their influence on reproducibility and replicability.

Aligning the principles and practice of research integrity and research fairness in global health: a mixed-methods study.

Introduction: In the past decade, global health research has seen a growing emphasis on research integrity and fairness. The concept of research integrity emerged in response to the reproducibility crisis in science during the late 2000s. Research fairness initiatives aim to enhance ownership and inclusivity in research involving partners with varying powers, decision-making roles and resource capacities, ultimately prioritising local health research needs.

Understanding the role of psychiatrists in the diagnosis and management of mild cognitive impairment and mild Alzheimer's disease dementia: a cross-sectional survey.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurological disorder and the most common cause of dementia. The clinical continuum of AD ranges from asymptomatic disease to mild cognitive impairment (MCI), followed by AD dementia, categorized as mild, moderate, or severe. Almost one-third of patients suspected of having MCI or mild AD dementia are referred to specialists including psychiatrists.

Perspectives of patients, care partners, and primary care physicians on management of mild cognitive impairment and mild Alzheimer's disease dementia.

Objectives: Early diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and mild Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia is crucial for effective disease management and optimizing patient outcomes. We sought to better understand the MCI and mild AD dementia medical journey from the perspective of patients, care partners, and physicians.

Methods: We conducted online surveys in the United States among patients/care partners and physicians in 2021.

Medical Journey of Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment and Mild Alzheimer's Disease Dementia: A Cross-sectional Survey of Patients, Care Partners, and Neurologists.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive, neurodegenerative disease presenting along a continuum ranging from asymptomatic disease to mild cognitive impairment (MCI), followed by dementia characterized as mild, moderate, or severe.

Objectives: To better understand the medical journey of patients with all-cause MCI or mild AD dementia from the perspective of patients, care partners, and physicians.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Face, content, criterion and construct validity assessment of a newly developed tool to assess and classify work-related stress (TAWS- 16).

Introduction: As work-stress, is associated with Non Communicable Diseases, and decreased work productivity, health and economic benefits are expected from periodic work-stress screening among employees using valid and reliable tools. Tool to Assess and classify Work Stress (TAWS- 16) was developed to overcome limitations in existing work-stress assessment tools in India. This study aims to test face, content, criterion and construct validity of TAWS- 16 in a sample of managerial-supervisory employees.

Prevalence of responsible research practices among academics in The Netherlands.

Traditionally, research integrity studies have focused on research misbehaviors and their explanations. Over time, attention has shifted towards preventing questionable research practices and promoting responsible ones. However, data on the prevalence of responsible research practices, especially open methods, open codes and open data and their underlying associative factors, remains scarce.

Promoting trust in research and researchers: How open science and research integrity are intertwined.

Proponents of open science often refer to issues pertaining to research integrity and vice versa. In this commentary, we argue that concepts such as responsible research practices, transparency, and open science are connected to one another, but that they each have a different focus. We argue that responsible research practices focus more on the rigorous conduct of research, transparency focuses predominantly on the complete reporting of research, and open science's core focus is mostly about dissemination of research.

Prevalence of questionable research practices, research misconduct and their potential explanatory factors: A survey among academic researchers in The Netherlands.

Prevalence of research misconduct, questionable research practices (QRPs) and their associations with a range of explanatory factors has not been studied sufficiently among academic researchers. The National Survey on Research Integrity targeted all disciplinary fields and academic ranks in the Netherlands. It included questions about engagement in fabrication, falsification and 11 QRPs over the previous three years, and 12 explanatory factor scales.

Cannabinoids in the management of frontotemporal dementia: a case series.

Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is characterized by progressive deterioration in behaviors, executive function and/or language. The behavioral variant (Bv) is characterized by disinhibition and obsessive/compulsive behaviors. These symptoms are sometimes resistant to medications.

Oxidative removal of stabilized landfill leachate by Fenton's process: process modeling, optimization & analysis of degraded products.

In this study, the stabilized landfill leachate which has a BOD : COD ratio of 0.045 was treated using Fenton's process. The effect of process parameters like reaction time, pH, dose of FeSO and dose of HO was estimated using One Factor At a Time (OFAT) and the linear, interactive and quadratic effects between the factors were studied using Face Centered Central Composite Design (CCF).

Targeted test evaluation: a framework for designing diagnostic accuracy studies with clear study hypotheses.

Most randomized controlled trials evaluating medical interventions have a pre-specified hypothesis, which is statistically tested against the null hypothesis of no effect. In diagnostic accuracy studies, study hypotheses are rarely pre-defined and sample size calculations are usually not performed, which may jeopardize scientific rigor and can lead to over-interpretation or "spin" of study findings. In this paper, we propose a strategy for defining meaningful hypotheses in diagnostic accuracy studies.

No MMSE for You! A Case of an "Uncooperative" Patient With Early-Onset Dementia.

The Banner Alzheimer's Institute Case Conference is a weekly event in which physicians and staff discuss challenging and/or teaching cases of patients seen at the Institute's Stead Family Memory Clinic. These conferences are attended by a multidisciplinary group that includes Banner Alzheimer's Institute dementia specialists, community physicians (internal medicine, family medicine, and radiology), physician assistants, social workers, nurses, medical students, residents, and fellows. The Banner Alzheimer's Institute located in Phoenix, Arizona, has an unusually ambitious mission: to end Alzheimer's disease without losing a generation, set a new standard of care for patients and families, and forge a model of collaboration in biomedical research.

Guidance was developed on how to write a plain language summary for diagnostic test accuracy reviews.

Objective: To develop guidance for authors of diagnostic test accuracy (DTA) reviews to help them write a plain language summary of the results of their review.

Study Design And Setting: We used a combination of focus groups, user testing, and a web-based survey. Participants included patient representatives, media representatives, and health professionals.

Selective lactase deficiency is common in pediatric patients undergoing upper endoscopy.

Lactase deficiency can lead to significant symptoms in the pediatric population. To date, few studies have examined the prevalence of enzyme testing-based lactase and other disaccharidase deficiencies (DDs) in pediatric patients undergoing upper endoscopic evaluation. The primary objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of selective lactase and other DDs amongst a large cohort of pediatric patients with and without inflammatory bowel disease (IBD: Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis) via a chart review of 739 patients who underwent esophago-gastro-dudenoscopy EGD between April 2010 and August 2016.

Profile of two hundred children with Autism Spectrum Disorder from a tertiary child and adolescent psychiatry centre.

Background: There is a recent trend of increase in diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder in India. Till date, there are few retrospective and prospective Indian studies with limited sample sizes ranging from 16 to 94 children. With this background, we planned a retrospective chart review of all new cases of Autism Spectrum Disorder for a period of 1 year in our tertiary care child psychiatry centre.

Erratum to: Methods for evaluating medical tests and biomarkers.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1186/s41512-016-0001-y.].