Maximal inspiratory pressure and exercise-induced inspiratory muscle fatigue in chronic nonspecific low back pain.

Background: Patients with chronic nonspecific low back pain (CNSLBP) show reduced inspiratory muscle function. However, studies comparing maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) and exercise-induced inspiratory muscle fatigue (IMF) between CNSLBP and healthy controls (HC) are lacking.

Objective: To compare MIP and exercise-induced IMF between CNSLBP and HC.

Physiotherapy-led care versus physician-led care for persons with low back pain: A systematic review.

Objective: To summarise the evidence on the effect of physiotherapy-led versus physician-led care on clinical outcomes, healthcare use, and costs in persons with low back pain.

Data Sources: PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, Embase, and PEDro were systematically searched with the latest search performed in July 2024. Reference lists of articles were hand-searched.

[Elevated liver enzymes: update 2024].

Elevated liver enzymes are a common finding in primary care medicine, with an estimated prevalence of 8 %. Steatotic liver diseases are the most frequently encountered etiologies and r-epresent the main cause of liver-related morbidity and mortality. This article looks at the latest developments in these diseases, with a particular focus on MASLD (Metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease).

[New oncological indications for liver transplantation].

Transplantation oncology represents a specificity of liver transplantation. Hepatocellular carcinoma is now an accepted indication with very good long-term results. Cholangiocarcinoma, hepatic -metastases from colorectal cancer and neuroendocrine tumors are emerging indications with outcome superior to those that can be achieved with systemic treatments in very selected patients.

The effect of acute respiratory demand on postural control: A systematic review.

Background: Postural control can be challenged by breathing.

Research Question: What is the effect of an acute increase in respiratory demand on postural control compared to quiet breathing?

Methods: A systematic review was conducted. Electronic databases were systematically searched until October 18, 2022 on studies reporting changes in center of pressure (CoP) motion related to an acute manipulation of respiratory demand compared to quiet breathing during upright standing in healthy participants and/or participants with a clinical condition.

The Role of Extrahepatic Features on the Development and Management of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Steatotic Liver Disease.

As the most common type of primary liver cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is reportedly the third leading cause of cancer-related death globally. Advanced steatotic liver disease (SLD) emerges as the most prominent contributor to HCC worldwide. In this paper, we review the extrahepatic features of metabolic dysfunction-associated SLD that exacerbate the risk for HCC, including insulin resistance, obesity-related factors such as physical inactivity and dietary patterns, as well as influences of genetics, ethnicity, gender-specific hormonal differences, alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD), smoking habits, and alterations in gut microbiota.

The association between pain-related psychological variables and postural control in low back pain: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Alterations in postural control have been found in individuals with low back pain (LBP), particularly during challenging postural tasks. Moreover, higher levels of negative pain-related psychological variables are associated with increased trunk muscle activity, reduced spinal movement, and worse maximal physical performance in individuals with LBP.

Research Question: Are pain-related psychological variables associated with postural control during static bipedal standing tasks in individuals with LBP?

Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted.

Upscaled Synthesis Protocol for Phase-Pure, Colloidally Stable MXenes with Long Shelf Lives.

MXenes are electrically conductive 2D transition metal carbides/nitrides obtained by the etching of nanolaminated MAX phase compounds, followed by exfoliation to single- or few-layered nanosheets. The mainstream chemical etching processes have evolved from pure hydrofluoric acid (HF) etching into the innovative "minimally intensive layer delamination" (MILD) route. Despite their current popularity and remarkable application potential, the scalability of MILD-produced MXenes remains unproven, excluding MXenes from industrial applications.

[Liver transplantation in adults : choosing the appropriate candidate and timing].

Liver transplantation is the best treatment option for patients with end-stage liver failure, as well as for various oncological (hepatic or extrahepatic), metabolic and genetic indications. Cirrhosis and its complications represent the most frequent indication for transplantation. This treatment option should be considered for cirrhotic patients with significant liver failure, the development of hepatocellular carcinoma or when complications linked to portal hypertension appear.

[Updated recommandations for the follow-up of a patient with cirrhosis].

A close collaboration between the general practitioner and the gastroenterologist is necessary to optimize the management of a patient with cirrhosis, a frequent and serious complication of chronic liver diseases. Both the treatment of the etiological factor of liver disease and the surveillance of potential complications of cirrhosis are key issues in the proper management of cirrhosis. Preventive measures aim at keeping the patient in a compensated form of cirrhosis which is associated with a better survival.

Variable Intrafamilial Expression of ABCB4 Disease.

Progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis type 3 (PFIC3) is a rare cholestatic liver disease with autosomal recessive inheritance caused by mutations in the gene. The clinical presentation of PFIC3 varies significantly, displaying incomplete penetrance without clear genotype-phenotype correlations. As such, the suitability of living-related liver donation for children with advanced disease has been questioned.

ANGPTL4 is a potential driver of HCV-induced peripheral insulin resistance.

Chronic hepatitis C (CHC) is associated with the development of metabolic disorders, including both hepatic and extra-hepatic insulin resistance (IR). Here, we aimed at identifying liver-derived factor(s) potentially inducing peripheral IR and uncovering the mechanisms whereby HCV can regulate the action of these factors. We found ANGPTL4 (Angiopoietin Like 4) mRNA expression levels to positively correlate with HCV RNA (r = 0.

Hepatocellular carcinoma in patients cured of chronic hepatitis C: Minimal steatosis.

Background: Successful treatment of hepatitis C reduces liver inflammation and fibrosis; however, patients remain at risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Aims: To identify risk factors for new-onset HCC in patients cured of hepatitis C.

Methods: Imaging, histological, and clinical data on patients whose first HCC was diagnosed >12 months of post-SVR were analyzed.

Discontinuation of immunosuppression in patients with immune-mediated drug-induced liver injury or idiopathic autoimmune hepatitis: A case-control study.

Background And Aim: Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) may present with autoimmune features and require immunosuppressive therapy (IST) to reach biochemical response. Discontinuation of IST without hepatitis relapse may be more frequent in these patients as compared to patients with classical autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). We aimed to determine baseline characteristics and outcome of patients with immune-mediated drug induced liver injury (IMDILI) with particular emphasis on IST during follow-up.

Evaluation of 30-day mortality in patients undergoing gastrointestinal endoscopy in a tertiary hospital: a 3-year retrospective survey.

Objective: Despite international guidelines recommendations to use mortality as a quality criterion for gastrointestinal (GI) procedures, recent studies reporting these data are lacking. Our objective was to report death causes and rate following GI endoscopies in a tertiary university hospital.

Design: We retrospectively reviewed all GI procedures made between January 2017 and December 2019 in our tertiary hospital in Switzerland.

The Relationship Between Pain-Related Psychological Factors and Maximal Physical Performance in Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Theoretical frameworks explain how pain-related psychological factors may influence the physical performance. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we evaluated the evidence regarding the relationship between the pain-related psychological factors and the maximal physical performance in patients with low back pain (LBP). Pubmed, Embase, CINAHL and Web of Science databases were searched from inception to May 2022.

[Polycystic liver disease].

Polycystic liver disease (PLD) includes three entities in adults : biliary hamartomas which develop as a result of ductal plate malformation, autosomal dominant polycystic liver disease (ADPLD) and autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) which occur in the setting of genetic disorders. Hamartomas are asymptomatic and benign. PLD are marked by a steady growth of cysts over time, clinically silent in the majority of cases.

Abdominal pain patterns during COVID-19: an observational study.

Abdominal pain and liver injury have been frequently reported during coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). Our aim was to investigate characteristics of abdominal pain in COVID-19 patients and their association with disease severity and liver injury.Data of all COVID-19 patients hospitalized during the first wave in one hospital were retrieved.

Molecular signatures of long-term hepatocellular carcinoma risk in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Prediction of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risk is an urgent unmet need in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). In cohorts of 409 patients with NAFLD from multiple global regions, we defined and validated hepatic transcriptome and serum secretome signatures predictive of long-term HCC risk in patients with NAFLD. A 133-gene signature, prognostic liver signature (PLS)-NAFLD, predicted incident HCC over up to 15 years of longitudinal observation.

Changes in static balance during pregnancy and postpartum: A systematic review.

Background: Because pregnant women show a high risk of falling, some researchers examined their balance during static standing. This systematic review summarized the findings from all studies evaluating static balance in women during pregnancy and postpartum.

Research Question: Do pregnant and postpartum women show differences in static balance compared to non-pregnant women, and does static balance change during pregnancy and postpartum?

Methods: Pubmed, Embase, CINAHL, and Web of Science databases were searched systematically from inception until Feb 23, 2022.

Location and allocation: Inequity of access to liver transplantation for patients with severe acute-on-chronic liver failure in Europe.

There is growing evidence that liver transplantation (LT) is the most effective treatment for acute-on-chronic liver failure grade-3 (ACLF-3). This study examines whether and how this evidence translates into practice by analyzing the variability in intensive care unit (ICU) admissions, listing strategies, and LT activity for patients with ACLF-3 across transplantation centers in Europe. Consecutive patients who were admitted to the ICU with ACLF-3, whether or not they were listed and/or transplanted with ACLF-3, between 2018 and 2019 were included across 20 transplantation centers.

Increasing prevalence of obesity and diabetes among patients evaluated for liver transplantation in a Swiss tertiary referral center: a 10-year retrospective analysis.

Background And Aims: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is now the first cause of chronic liver disease in developed countries. We aimed to assess trends in the prevalence of obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and NAFLD in patients undergoing liver transplantation evaluation and to assess whether obese patients were less likely to be listed or had an increased drop-out rate after listing.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of all consecutive patients who underwent liver transplantation evaluation at a Swiss tertiary referral centre between January 2009 and March 2020.