Transgender and Non-Binary Surgery Registry: Building a Patient-Focused Registry for Genital Gender Affirming Surgery.

Purpose: High quality data regarding long-term clinical and patient-reported outcomes (PROs) of genital gender-affirming surgery (GGAS) are lacking, and transgender and non-binary (TGNB) community voices have not historically been included in research development. These factors limit the utility of current research for guiding patients, clinicians, payers, and other GGAS stakeholders in decision-making. The Transgender and Non-Binary Surgery (TRANS) Registry has been developed to meet the needs of GGAS stakeholders and address limitations of traditional GGAS research.

Analysis of the Radial Forearm Phalloplasty Donor Site: Do Dermal Matrices Improve Donor Site Morbidity?

Background: The radial forearm free flap is frequently chosen for phalloplasty; however, flap size required for phalloplasty is associated with a large scar burden and functional concerns. We sought to investigate donor site functionality, aesthetics, and volume deficits in a cohort of individuals who underwent radial forearm phalloplasty (RFP) with donor site skin grafting alone or dermal substitute and subsequent skin grafting.

Methods: Donor site functionality was assessed using the quick Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (qDASH).

Outcomes of Biodegradable Temporizing Matrix for Soft Tissue Reconstruction of the Hand and Extremities.

Background: NovoSorb biodegradable temporizing matrix (BTM) is a novel, bilayer, synthetic skin substitute made of biodegradable polyurethane foam covered with a sealing membrane. BTM has demonstrated excellent outcomes in burn literature; however, few studies have been published for hand and extremity soft tissue reconstruction.

Methods: All patients who underwent extremity reconstruction with BTM from 2018 to 2023 were reviewed.

Zonal Chemical Signal Pathways Mediating Floral Induction in Apple.

Phytohormones that trigger or repress flower meristem development in apple buds are thought to be locally emitted from adjacent plant tissues, including leaves and fruitlets. The presence of fruitlets is known to inhibit adjacent buds from forming flowers and thus fruits. The resulting absence of fruitlets the following season restores flower-promoting signalling to the new buds.

Exposure to digital vape marketing among young people in Aotearoa New Zealand.

Aims: Little is known about the exposure of young people in Aotearoa New Zealand to marketing of vape products on social media. This study investigated vaping behaviour and the extent of vape marketing exposure and engagement that young people (14-20 years) report on social media and examined differences across socio-demographic groups.

Methods: An online survey was conducted with 3,698 participants aged between 14-20 years (M=17.

Temporal stability of Bayesian belief updating in perceptual decision-making.

Bayesian inference suggests that perception is inferred from a weighted integration of prior contextual beliefs with current sensory evidence (likelihood) about the world around us. The perceived precision or uncertainty associated with prior and likelihood information is used to guide perceptual decision-making, such that more weight is placed on the source of information with greater precision. This provides a framework for understanding a spectrum of clinical transdiagnostic symptoms associated with aberrant perception, as well as individual differences in the general population.

Bayesian accounts of perceptual decisions in the nonclinical continuum of psychosis: Greater imprecision in both top-down and bottom-up processes.

Neurocomputational accounts of psychosis propose mechanisms for how information is integrated into a predictive model of the world, in attempts to understand the occurrence of altered perceptual experiences. Conflicting Bayesian theories postulate aberrations in either top-down or bottom-up processing. The top-down theory predicts an overreliance on prior beliefs or expectations resulting in aberrant perceptual experiences, whereas the bottom-up theory predicts an overreliance on current sensory information, as aberrant salience is directed towards objectively uninformative stimuli.

Imaging of genomic loci in Trypanosoma brucei using an optimised LacO-LacI system.

Visualisation of genomic loci by microscopy is essential for understanding nuclear organisation, particularly at the single cell level. One powerful technique for studying the positioning of genomic loci is through the Lac Operator-Lac Repressor (LacO-LacI) system, in which LacO repeats introduced into a specific genomic locus can be visualised through expression of a LacI-protein fused to a fluorescent tag. First utilised in Trypanosoma brucei over 20 years ago, we have now optimised this system with short, stabilised LacO repeats of less than 2 kb paired with a constitutively expressed mNeongreen::LacI fusion protein to facilitate visualisation of genomic loci.

Incidence and Risk Factors for Postoperative Venous Thromboembolism After Gender Affirming Vaginoplasty: A Retrospective Analysis of a Large Insurance Claims Database.

Objectives: To investigate the incidence and associated risk factors of venous thromboembolism (VTE) after gender affirming vaginoplasty.

Methods: We searched International Business Machines Corporation (IBM) Marketscan, a commercial claims database, for Current Procedural Terminology and International Classification of Diseases (ICD) procedure codes to identify patients who underwent gender affirming vaginoplasty from 2011-2020. We quantified deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism using ICD-9 and ICD-10 codes found within 90 days after surgery.

Vaginal Preservation in Shaft-Only Phalloplasty: Y-to-V Advancement Technique for Clitoral Hood Redundancy and Reduction Labiaplasty.

As the prevalence and understanding of genital gender-affirming surgery have grown, so has the spectrum of surgical techniques to better serve a wider range of transgender and nonbinary individuals. Given the diverse spectrum of individuals seeking phalloplasty, patient-driven decision-making, beginning with the initial consultation, is critical. Phalloplasty is not a one-size-fits-all surgery, but instead should be viewed as an individually customized approach.

Gender-affirming Vaginoplasty and Vulvoplasty: An Initial Experience.

Objective: To describe the initial outcomes of a new multidisciplinary gender-affirming surgery (GAS) program comprised of plastic and urologic surgeons.

Methods: We retrospectively examined consecutive patients who underwent gender-affirming vaginoplasty or vulvoplasty between April 2018 and May 2021. We used logistic regression modeling to analyze associations between preoperative risk factors and postoperative complications.

Influence of reef isostasy, dynamic topography, and glacial isostatic adjustment on sea-level records in Northeastern Australia.

Understanding sea level during the peak of the Last Interglacial (125,000 yrs ago) is important for assessing future ice-sheet dynamics in response to climate change. The coasts and continental shelves of northeastern Australia (Queensland) preserve an extensive Last Interglacial record in the facies of coastal strandplains onland and fossil reefs offshore. However, there is a discrepancy, amounting to tens of meters, in the elevation of sea-level indicators between offshore and onshore sites.

Sap flow of sweet cherry reveals distinct effects of humidity and wind under rain covered and netted protected cropping systems.

Protected cropping systems (PCS) alter the plant growing environment, though understanding of this in ventilated systems and how the new climate affects tree water uptake is limited. Sap flow sensors and weather stations were deployed in 16-year-old 'Lapins' on 'Colt' rootstock cherry trees under a ventilated Voen PCS and in an adjacent bird netted PCS. Average and maximum temperatures were consistently higher (14.

Programmatic alcohol advertising, social media and public health: Algorithms, automated challenges to regulation, and the failure of public oversight.

Ongoing partnerships between transnational alcohol corporations and global social media platforms have transformed alcohol advertising in ways that undermine existing marketing regulations and threaten all forms of public oversight. In this paper I analyse this historic shift, arguing that new forms of programmatic alcohol advertising have emerged out of increasingly intensive processes of datafication on social media. Programmatic advertising is distinguished by increasing automation, turning advertising into a process of continually experimenting on the public to optimise advertising's "outputs", which now include conversions (sales).

Current Practices in the Pathologic Assessment of Breast Tissue in Transmasculine Chest Surgery.

Background: No guidelines exist regarding management of breast tissue for transmasculine and gender-nonconforming individuals. This study aims to investigate the experiences and practices regarding perioperative breast cancer risk management among the American Society of Plastic Surgeons members performing chest masculinization surgery.

Methods: An anonymous, online, 19-question survey was sent to 2517 U.

Exploring perceptions of eating with dementia: Findings from a massive open online course.

People with dementia are at high risk of malnutrition as a result of progressive symptoms that affect eating. Maximising opportunities to enhance nutrition and strategies to encourage eating are a crucial part of providing care. Caregiver knowledge and a person-centred approach to eating is essential to reduce symptom burden and maintain quality of life.

Metabolic Pathways for Observed Impacts of Crop Load on Floral Induction in Apple.

The triggers of biennial bearing are thought to coincide with embryonic development in apple and occurs within the first 70 days after full bloom (DAFB). Strong evidence suggests hormonal signals are perceived by vegetative apple spur buds to induce flowering. The hormonal response is typically referred to as the floral induction (FI) phase in bud meristem development.

Accessible design features and home modifications to improve physical housing accessibility: A mixed-methods survey of occupational therapists.

Background: Despite the number of older people and people with disabilities increasing in Australia, it is unclear which housing design features are needed to support physical housing accessibility for people with and without disabilities across the lifespan.

Objective: This study drew upon the experience of occupational therapists to investigate accessible housing design features and home modifications to support aging in place and discharge from hospital to home.

Methods: A cross-sectional online survey exploring housing design features and home modifications was completed by 144 Australian occupational therapists over six weeks in 2021.

The West Pacific Gradient tracks ENSO and zonal Pacific sea surface temperature gradient during the last Millennium.

Small changes in Pacific temperature gradients connected with the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) influence the Walker Circulation and are related to global climate anomalies. Therefore, it is of paramount importance to develop robust indices of their past behavior. Here, we reconstruct the difference in sea surface temperature between the west and central Pacific during ENSO, coined the West Pacific Gradient (WPG), based on the Last Millennium Paleo Hydrodynamics Data Assimilation.

Prevention of Venous Thromboembolism in Microvascular Surgery Patients Using Weight-Based Unfractionated Heparin Infusions.

Background:  Unfractionated heparin infusions are commonly used in microvascular surgery to prevent microvascular thrombosis. Previously, fixed-dose heparin infusions were believed to provide sufficient venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis; however, we now know that this practice is inadequate for the majority of patients. Anti-factor Xa (aFXa) level is a measure of unfractionated heparin efficacy and safety.

Masculinizing gender-affirming surgery for trans men and non-binary individuals: what you should know.

Gender dysphoria, the discordance between one's gender identity and anatomy, affects nearly 25 million people worldwide, and the prevalence of transgender and non-binary identities is increasing because of greater acceptance and awareness. Because of the improved accessibility to gender-affirming surgery (GAS), many providers will care for patients during and after gender transition. For trans men (female-to-male), GAS represents a combination of procedures rather than a single surgery.

Optimal Dosing of Prophylactic Enoxaparin after Surgical Procedures: Results of the Double-Blind, Randomized, Controlled FIxed or Variable Enoxaparin (FIVE) Trial.

Background: The accepted "one-size-fits-all" dose strategy for prophylactic enoxaparin may not optimize the medication's risks and benefits after surgical procedures. The authors hypothesized that weight-based administration might improve the pharmacokinetics of prophylactic enoxaparin when compared to fixed-dose administration.

Methods: The FIxed or Variable Enoxaparin (FIVE) trial was a randomized, double-blind trial that compared the pharmacokinetic and clinical outcomes of patients assigned randomly to postoperative venous thromboembolism prophylaxis using enoxaparin 40 mg twice daily or enoxaparin 0.

Infrapubic Insertion of Penile Implants in Transmen After Phalloplasty.

Objective: To describe the infrapubic approach to penile prosthesis insertion in transmen after phalloplasty.

Materials And Methods: After verifying phalloplasty vascular pedicle anatomy and reliable micturition, patients may be considered for implant surgery. Specific modifications of the infrapubic approach to penile prosthesis insertion as well as individualization of commercially available implants are performed intraoperatively to help reduce the risk of postoperative complications.

Active and Passive Electro-Optical Sensors for Health Assessment in Food Crops.

In agriculture, early detection of plant stresses is advantageous in preventing crop yield losses. Remote sensors are increasingly being utilized for crop health monitoring, offering non-destructive, spatialized detection and the quantification of plant diseases at various levels of measurement. Advances in sensor technologies have promoted the development of novel techniques for precision agriculture.