Benefits of a Postoperative Hip Orthosis After Routine Arthroscopy of the Hip: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: No consensus currently exists among orthopaedic surgeons regarding the benefits of hip orthosis after routine hip arthroscopy.

Purpose: To compare patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) and reoperation rates between patients who were braced versus those who were not braced after routine hip arthroscopy.

Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.

Preclinical and clinical evaluation of the LRRK2 inhibitor DNL201 for Parkinson's disease.

Mutations in leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 () are the most common genetic risk factors for Parkinson's disease (PD). Increased LRRK2 kinase activity is thought to impair lysosomal function and may contribute to the pathogenesis of PD. Thus, inhibition of LRRK2 is a potential disease-modifying therapeutic strategy for PD.

Comparing the longer-term effectiveness of a single dose of the Pfizer-BioNTech and Oxford-AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccines across the age spectrum.

Background: A single dose strategy may be adequate to confer population level immunity and protection against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, especially in low- and middle-income countries where vaccine supply remains limited. We compared the effectiveness of a single dose strategy of the Oxford-AstraZeneca or Pfizer-BioNTech vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 infection across all age groups and over an extended follow-up period.

Methods: Individuals vaccinated in North-West London, UK, with either the first dose of the Oxford-AstraZeneca or Pfizer-BioNTech vaccines between January 12, 2021 and March 09, 2021, were matched to each other by demographic and clinical characteristics.

Transient chemotherapy-induced alopecia after successful reversal of 5-fluorouracil myelosuppression and neurotoxicosis in a 9-month-old dog.

Background: 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) cream is a common human topical chemotherapy agent with potentially fatal neurotoxic effects on dogs if accidentally ingested. There are seldom reports in veterinary literature describing the successful outcome of intervention after accidental ingestion of 5-FU cream.

Case Summary: A 9-month-old spayed female labradoodle presented 14 h after ingesting an unknown amount of 40 g tube of Efudex cream (5% 5-FU).

Effect of the Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor FRM-0334 on Progranulin Levels in Patients With Progranulin Gene Haploinsufficiency: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Histone deacetylase inhibitors have been repeatedly shown to elevate progranulin levels in preclinical models. This report describes the first randomized clinical trial of a histone deacetylase inhibitor in frontotemporal dementia (FTD) resulting from progranulin (GRN) gene variations.

Objective: To characterize the safety, tolerability, plasma pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamic effects of oral FRM-0334 on plasma progranulin and other exploratory biomarkers, including fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-positron emission tomography (PET), in individuals with GRN haploinsufficiency.

Assessing COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake and Effectiveness Through the North West London Vaccination Program: Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared SARS-CoV-2, causing COVID-19, as a pandemic. The UK mass vaccination program commenced on December 8, 2020, vaccinating groups of the population deemed to be most vulnerable to severe COVID-19 infection.

Objective: This study aims to assess the early vaccine administration coverage and outcome data across an integrated care system in North West London, leveraging a unique population-level care data set.

Evaluation of Drugs with Therapeutic Potential for Susceptibility of Neisseria Gonorrhoeae Isolates from 8 Provinces in China from 2018.

Purpose: The study aimed to evaluate meropenem, fosfomycin, berberine hydrochloride, and doxycycline minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of collected from eight provinces in China in 2018.

Methods: The MICs of 540 isolates (451 isolates selected randomly and 89 isolates selected with preference) were determined to meropenem, fosfomycin, berberine hydrochloride, and doxycycline using the agar dilution method, and the MICs of ceftriaxone and azithromycin were detected for comparison.

Results: Among 451 randomly selected isolates, the MIC was 0.

Survival of a dog with accidental colchicine overdose.

Objective: To describe the treatment and clinical course of a dog accidentally prescribed 10 times the recommended dose of colchicine (0.3 mg/kg/d instead of 0.03 mg/kg/d).

Randomized phase I clinical trial of anti-α-synuclein antibody BIIB054.

Background: Pathological and genetic evidence implicates toxic effects of aggregated α-synuclein in the pathophysiology of neuronal dysfunction and degeneration in Parkinson's disease. Immunotherapy targeting aggregated α-synuclein is a promising strategy for delaying disease progression.

Objective: This study (NCT02459886) evaluated the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of BIIB054, a human-derived monoclonal antibody that preferentially binds to aggregated α-synuclein, in healthy volunteers and participants with Parkinson's disease.

Leveraging Peer Teaching for Global Health Elective Preparation: Implementation of a Resident-Led Global Health Simulation Curriculum.

. As more trainees engage in global health electives, the call for best practices in predeparture preparation grows. However, many residency programs may not have the infrastructure or staffing in place to consistently meet these expectations.

Safety and Tolerability of Multiple Ascending Doses of PRX002/RG7935, an Anti-α-Synuclein Monoclonal Antibody, in Patients With Parkinson Disease: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Aggregated α-synuclein is believed to be central to the pathogenesis of Parkinson disease (PD). PRX002/RG7935 (PRX002) is a humanized monoclonal antibody designed to target aggregated forms of α-synuclein, thereby inhibiting neuron-to-neuron transfer of presumed pathogenic forms of α-synuclein, potentially resulting in neuronal protection and slowing disease progression.

Objective: To evaluate the safety and tolerability of multiple intravenous infusions of PRX002 in patients with idiopathic PD.

Implementing Motor Unit Number Index (MUNIX) in a large clinical trial: Real world experience from 27 centres.

Objective: Motor Unit Number Index (MUNIX) is a quantitative neurophysiological method that reflects loss of motor neurons in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) in longitudinal studies. It has been utilized in one natural history ALS study and one drug trial (Biogen USA) after training and qualification of raters.

Methods: Prior to testing patients, evaluators had to submit test-retest data of 4 healthy volunteers.

Treatment of canine non-indolent T cell lymphoma using the VELCAP-TSC protocol: A retrospective evaluation of 70 dogs (2003-2013).

The immunophenotype of canine non-indolent lymphoma has prognostic value; dogs with T cell lymphoma have a poorer response rate and shorter survival times than dogs with B cell lymphoma. This study sought to retrospectively evaluate prognostic factors for complete remission (CR), progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival time (OST) in 70 dogs with T cell lymphoma treated with an alkylator-rich, combination protocol. The overall remission was 72.

Implementation of an Inpatient Pediatric Sepsis Identification Pathway.

Background And Objective: Early identification and treatment of severe sepsis and septic shock improves outcomes. We sought to identify and evaluate children with possible sepsis on a pediatric medical/surgical unit through successful implementation of a sepsis identification pathway.

Methods: The sepsis identification pathway, a vital sign screen and subsequent physician evaluation, was implemented in October 2013.

Lacerations and Embedded Needles Caused by Epinephrine Autoinjector Use in Children.

Study Objective: Epinephrine autoinjector use for anaphylaxis is increasing. There are reports of digit injections because of incorrect autoinjector use, but no previous reports of lacerations, to our knowledge. We report complications of epinephrine autoinjector use in children and discuss features of these devices, and their instructions for use, and how these may contribute to injuries.

The relationship between psychosocial features of emerging adulthood and substance use change motivation in youth.

Despite the peak prevalence of substance use and comorbid mental health problems during emerging adulthood little research has focused on understanding behavior change processes during this transitional period. This study extended Arnett's (2004) theory of the psychosocial features of emerging adulthood to explore how they may relate to treatment motivation (e.g.

Unilateral perseveration.

The brain's action-intentional ("when") programming system helps to control when to and when not to initiate an action, when to persist at an action, and when to terminate an action. Motor perseveration is a failure to terminate an action. This disengagement disorder most often results from dysfunction of the executive frontal-subcortical networks that control the action-intentional programming system.

Progressive amnestic dementia, hippocampal sclerosis, and mutation in C9ORF72.

The most common cause of familial frontotemporal lobar degeneration with TAR DNA-binding protein-43 pathology (FTLD-TDP) has been found to be an expansion of a hexanucleotide repeat (GGGGCC) in a noncoding region of the gene C9ORF72. Hippocampal sclerosis (HpScl) is a common finding in FTLD-TDP. Our objective was to screen for the presence of C9ORF72 hexanucleotide repeat expansions in a pathologically confirmed cohort of "pure" hippocampal sclerosis cases (n = 33), outside the setting of FTLD-TDP and Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Intraosseous infusion is unreliable for adenosine delivery in the treatment of supraventricular tachycardia.

Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) is a common tachyarrhythmia in the pediatric population that can necessitate immediate treatment. Adenosine has been well studied as a mainstay treatment, but the methods of adenosine administration have not been very well delineated. The intraosseous technique has presented itself as a possible method of administration.

Motivation and maltreatment history among youth entering substance abuse treatment.

Research has established that maltreatment experiences are common in the life histories of youth with substance abuse problems, and efforts are now moving in the direction of enhancing our understanding of the unique clinical presentations and treatment needs of this population. The current study endeavored to contribute to this body of research by examining associations between experiences of maltreatment and levels of motivation among youth entering outpatient substance abuse treatment. Upon admission, 188 youth (131 males, 57 females) completed a package of self-report questionnaires including measures of motivation to change, motivation for treatment, and history of maltreatment experiences.

Understanding motivation for substance use treatment: the role of social pressure during the transition to adulthood.

Research has shown that social pressure is related to treatment motivation and plays an important role in treatment engagement in adults with problematic substance use. Despite the shifts in autonomy and decision-making in emerging adulthood, the factors affecting treatment motivation (e.g.

Switching from oral cholinesterase inhibitors to the rivastigmine transdermal patch.

Oral cholinesterase inhibitors (ChEIs) are associated with side effects such as nausea and vomiting. The use of transdermal patches for ChEI delivery may help to minimize these problems. The objective of this review was to consider available data from patients switching from oral ChEIs to transdermal rivastigmine treatment, and to suggest practical guidelines for patients wishing to do this.

Inferring the capacity of the vector Poisson channel with a Bernoulli model.

The capacity defines the ultimate fidelity limits of information transmission by any system. We derive the capacity of parallel Poisson process channels to judge the relative effectiveness of neural population structures. Because the Poisson process is equivalent to a Bernoulli process having small event probabilities, we infer the capacity of multi-channel Poisson models from their Bernoulli surrogates.

Practical utility of urinary assay in the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease: AlzheimAlert.

Urinary assay (Alzheimer's disease reaction titer [ADRT]) adds significant information in the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD), particularly for the nonspecialist. Clinical studies of ADRT in series of AD and non-AD patients have found sensitivity of 89-92.3%, specificity of 90-96.