Morphometric and Morphological Study of Thoracic and Lumbar Intervertebral Discs in Guinea Pigs (Cavia porcellus).

This study investigates the gross morphological and morphometric characteristics of thoracic and lumbar intervertebral discs (IVDs) in guinea pigs, utilising micro-CT imaging and anatomical dissection. The findings reveal 13 thoracic and six lumbar IVDs were identified, with thoracic discs transitioning from rounded forms at T1-T3 to triangular and heart-shaped structures at T4-T13, while lumbar IVDs exhibited a consistently flattened heart shape. Morphometric analysis revealed statistically significant differences, with lumbar IVDs being larger in lateral and dorsoventral width, disc area, annulus fibrosus (AF) area and nucleus pulposus (NP) area, and ventral height compared to thoracic discs.

Repurposing of Compounds from Streptomyces spp. as Potential Inhibitors of Aminoacyltransferase FemA: An Essential Drug Target against Drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

Background: Drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus represents a substantial healthcare challenge worldwide, and its range of available therapeutic options continues to diminish progressively. Thus, this study aimed to identify potential inhibitors against FemA, a crucial protein involved in the cell wall biosynthesis of S. aureus.

Histology and immunofluorescent study of the pancreas in lovebird (Agapornis personatus).

Background: Lovebird (Agapornis personatus) is a monotypic species of bird of the lovebird genus in the parrot family Psittaculidae and order Psittaciformes.

Objectives: The present study was designed to investigate the histology and immunohistochemistry of the pancreas in the lovebird.

Methods: Totally, three adult birds were used.

Morphology and morphometry of sperm in Kurdish stallions, a local breed from western Iran.

The present work was designed for a thorough investigation into the sperm morphology and morphometry of Kurdish stallions. The semen samples were collected from 10 Kurdish stallions. Three preparations from each ejaculate were stained with eosin-nigrosin (EN), Diff-Quik (DQ) and Rose Bengal (RB).

Therapeutic effect of sodium alginate on bleomycin, etoposide and cisplatin (BEP)-induced reproductive toxicity by inhibiting nitro-oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis.

Impaired spermatogenesis and male infertility are common consequences of chemotherapy drugs used in patients with testicular cancer. The present study investigated the effects of sodium alginate (NaAL) on testicular toxicity caused by bleomycin, etoposide, and cisplatin (BEP). Rats in group 1 received normal saline, while groups 2 and 3 were treated with 25 and 50 mg/kg of NaAL, respectively.

Immune evasion, infectivity, and fusogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 BA.2.86 and FLip variants.

Evolution of SARS-CoV-2 requires the reassessment of current vaccine measures. Here, we characterized BA.2.

Characterization of the pancreas of common pheasant (Phasianus colchicus): A light and transmission electron microscope study.

The present work was carried out to investigate the structure and ultra structure of the pancreas in the common pheasant (Phasianus colchicus). Totally, five healthy adult pheasant were used. The pancreas was assessed using histochemistry and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).

Immune evasion and membrane fusion of SARS-CoV-2 XBB subvariants EG.5.1 and XBB.2.3.

Immune evasion by SARS-CoV-2 paired with immune imprinting from monovalent mRNA vaccines has resulted in attenuated neutralizing antibody responses against Omicron subvariants. In this study, we characterized two new XBB variants rising in circulation - EG.5.

Histological and Immunohistochemical Investigation of the Cerebellum in Porcupine and Guinea Pig.

The present study was designed to investigate the cerebellum histology and immunohistochemistry in porcupine (Hystrix cristata) and guinea pig (Cavia porcellus). Two adult porcupines and two adult guinea pigs were used. For general histology, crystal violet and Luxol fast blue stains were applied.

Immune Evasion, Infectivity, and Fusogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2.86 and FLip Variants.

Evolution of SARS-CoV-2 requires the reassessment of current vaccine measures. Here, we characterized BA.2.

A functional link between lariat debranching enzyme and the intron-binding complex is defective in non-photosensitive trichothiodystrophy.

The pre-mRNA life cycle requires intron processing; yet, how intron-processing defects influence splicing and gene expression is unclear. Here, we find that TTDN1/MPLKIP, which is encoded by a gene implicated in non-photosensitive trichothiodystrophy (NP-TTD), functionally links intron lariat processing to spliceosomal function. The conserved TTDN1 C-terminal region directly binds lariat debranching enzyme DBR1, whereas its N-terminal intrinsically disordered region (IDR) binds the intron-binding complex (IBC).

Fabrication, characterization and evaluation of a new designed botulinum toxin-cell penetrating peptide nanoparticulate complex.

Background: To have a better and longer effect, botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) is injected several times in a treatment course, which could increase side effects and cost. Some of the most cutting-edge strategies being investigated for proteins to their physiologic targets involve the reformulation of BoNT based on peptide-based delivery systems. For this purpose, cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) are of particular interest because of their capacity to cross the biological membranes.

Introduction of Novel Drug Targets against and Proposing Putative Inhibitors against Adenine N1 (mA22)-tRNA Methyltransferase (TrmK) using Computer-aided Drug Discovery.

Background: Nowadays, the emergence of methicillin-resistant (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant (VRSA) strains has dramatically restricted the treatment options against this microorganism.

Aim: In this study, we aimed to discover new drug targets and inhibitors against .

Methods: This study consists of two major sections.

Engineered PLGA microspheres for extended-release of naltrexone: , and IVIVR.

Poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)-based formulation is one of the most often used parenteral extended-release forms to deliver various therapeutics. VIVITROL as a commercialized PLGA microsphere formulation encapsulates naltrexone, a narcotic antagonist for opioid addiction and alcohol dependency. However, no U.

Identification of Key Genes and Biological Pathways Related to Myocardial Infarction through Integrated Bioinformatics Analysis.

Background: Coronary heart disease is the leading cause of death worldwide. Myocardial infarction (MI) is a fatal manifestation of coronary heart disease, which can present as sudden death. Although the molecular mechanisms of coronary heart disease are still unknown, global gene expression profiling is regarded as a useful approach for deciphering the pathophysiology of this disease and subsequent diseases.

Gross anatomy, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and bone mineral densitometry of the ovine metacarpo/metatarsophalangeal joint.

This study was aimed to provide anatomical atlas of the ovine metacarpo/metatarsophalangeal joints using computed tomography (CT) scan and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), as well as to investigate bone mineral density (BMD) and morphometric features of this joint. The limbs of twenty adult Sanjabi sheep were examined. Imaging was performed using a 16-slice multi-detector CT scanner and a 1.

Microanatomy of the cerebellum in Persian squirrel (Sciurus anomalus), a transmission electron microscopy, and immunohistochemical study.

The present study was aimed to investigate the cerebellum histology in the Persian squirrel (Sciurus anomalus), using immunohistochemical staining and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The brain of 4 adult Persian squirrels (2 males and 2 females) were used. For general histology, crystal violet and Luxol fast blue stains were applied.

The effects of a combination oral spray (Mucosamin®) for the prevention of oral mucositis in pediatric patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a double blind randomized clinical trial.

Purpose: Oral mucositis (OM) is a frequent complication of conditioning regimens for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Damage to the nuclear and non-nuclear materials of the mucosal cells by the production of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and proinflammatory cytokines could result to development and progression of OM. Previous studies have shown the effectiveness of Mucosamin® oral spray in the management of pain and acceleration of OM healing.

Molecular Insight into the Therapeutic Effects of Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes in Respiratory Diseases and the Potential for Pulmonary Delivery.

Respiratory diseases are the cause of millions of deaths annually around the world. Despite the recent growth of our understanding of underlying mechanisms contributing to the pathogenesis of lung diseases, most therapeutic approaches are still limited to symptomatic treatments and therapies that only delay disease progression. Several clinical and preclinical studies have suggested stem cell (SC) therapy as a promising approach for treating various lung diseases.

The antioxidant effects of hydroalcoholic extract of Ashrasi date palm on sperm parameters and DNA fragmentation in diabetic rats.

Background: Diabetes-induced oxidative stress can have adverse effects on sperm and its DNA integrity. The Ashrasi date palm (ADP) has potent antioxidant properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant effect of ADP hydroalcoholic extract on sperm parameters and sperm DNA fragmentation in diabetic rats.

Microanalysis of the stomach of southern white-breasted hedgehog (Erinaceus concolor): Histological, histochemical, immunohistochemical, and scanning electron microscopic studies.

This study was designed to provide more detailed knowledge on the stomach histochemistry and immunohistochemistry in the southern white-breasted hedgehog (Erinaceus concolor). Two animals were used in the present work. Periodic acid Schiff's (PAS) and Alcian blue were used for histochemical purposes.

Neural transcriptomic signature of chronic wasting disease in white-tailed deer.

Background: The increasing prevalence and expanding geographical range of the chronic wasting disease (CWD) panzootic in cervids is threatening human, animal, environmental and economic health. The pathogenesis of CWD in cervids is, however, not well understood. We used RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) to compare the brain transcriptome from white-tailed deer (WTD; Odocoileus virginianus) clinically affected with CWD (n = 3) to WTD that tested negative (n = 8) for CWD.

Potential COVID-19 therapeutic approaches targeting angiotensin-converting enzyme 2; An updated review.

COVID-19 has spread swiftly throughout the world posing a global health emergency. The significant numbers of deaths attributed to this pandemic have researchers battling to understand this new, dangerous virus. Researchers are looking to find possible treatment regimens and develop effective therapies.