In vitro testing to assess the UVA protection performance of sun care products.

The UVA protection delivered by sunscreens is an issue of increasing importance due to the increasing knowledge about UVA-induced skin damage. In Europe there is no officially accepted method available to determine the degree of UVA protection. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to design a protocol combining the merits of an in vitro model, which are simple and reproducible, with aspects known to be relevant from in vivo studies.

Single hemicerclage for lateral type B malleolar fracture--a novel, minimal and reliable osteosynthesis.

Aim Of Study: To investigate the short- and long-term outcome of patients with isolated lateral malleolar fracture type B treated with a single hemicerclage out of metallic wire or PDS cord.

Methods: Over an 8-year period 97 patients were treated with a single hemicerclage for lateral malleolar fracture type B and 89 were amenable to a follow-up after mean 39 months, including interview, clinical examination and X-ray controls.

Results: The median operation time was 35 minutes (range 15-85 min).

Proposed protocol for determination of photostability Part I: cosmetic UV filters.

Synopsis The protocol described here has been developed to measure the stability of UV-B filters; a modified version is recommended for UV-A filters. It should be considered as a tool to predict the effectiveness remaining after exposure to UV-A and UV-B light. It is a simple and reliable in vitro model simulating conditions of actual use.

Imipenem (N-F-thienamycin) versus netilmicin plus clindamycin. A controlled and randomized comparison in intra-abdominal infections.

In a randomized study the clinical and bacteriologic effectiveness of imipenem was compared with the classical combination of netilmicin with clindamycin in patients who had surgery for an intraperitoneal infection, localized or generalized, with positive bacteriologic findings of the specimen taken at surgery. Excluded were all patients who received other antibiotics before surgery, or who died within 3 days after antibiotic therapy was started. Imipenem was given at a dose of 500 mg t.

[Treatment of intra-abdominal infections with beta-lactam antibiotics. Results of some controlled prospective studies].

Between April, 1980 and August, 1985, 240 patients were operated on for localised or generalised intraabdominal infection and in addition received anti-microbial therapy. Thirty-one patients were treated with latamoxef, 33 with ceftazidime, 20 with ceftriaxone, 47 with imipenem/cilastatin, and 109 with a combination of aminoglycosides and clindamycin (control group). The indications for surgery included: post operative peritonitis; gall bladder empyema; perforated gastroduodenal ulcer; perforation of the small intestine with or without ileus; perforated appendicitis; perforation of the colon.

Aminoglycoside monitoring: timing of peak levels is critical.

Recommendations for optimal therapeutic peak concentrations of aminoglycosides are often not differentiated with respect to duration of infusion and timing of peak sample thereafter. To document the relevance of the timing, 139 dose intervals were analyzed in 58 patients during administration of gentamicin, amikacin, and netilmicin. Serum concentrations measured immediately after 30-min infusions were compared with concentrations obtained 90 min later (2 h values).

[Moxalactam - a beta-lactam antibiotic in the monotherapy of severe infections in surgery. Clinico-bacteriological study of 35 patients].

Moxalactam, a new beta-lactam antibiotic, was given to 35 patients at the Department of Surgery, Cantonal Hospital, St. Gall. The trial period started in April 1980 and ended in October.

[Primary malignant lymphomas of the gastrointestial system].

In a retrospective analysis of 25 cases of primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the gastrointestinal tract, tumors with diffuse histologic pattern predominated. Among the lymphomas of the small and large bowel there was an increased percentage of tumors of lympho-plasmocytoid type. The course of gastric lymphomas is less favourable than that of intestinal lymphomas.