Phage-liposome nanoconjugates for orthopedic biofilm eradication.

Infection by multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria has become one of the biggest threats to public health worldwide. One reason for the difficulty in treatment is the lack of proper delivery strategies into MDR bacterial biofilms, where the thick extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) layer impedes the penetration of antibiotics and nanoparticles. Here, we propose a novel bioactive nanoconjugate of drug-loaded liposomes and bacteriophages for targeted eradication of the MDR biofilms in orthopedic infections.

Targeting Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm with an evolutionary trained bacteriophage cocktail exploiting phage resistance trade-offs.

Spread of multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains threatens to render currently available antibiotics obsolete, with limited prospects for the development of new antibiotics. Lytic bacteriophages, the viruses of bacteria, represent a path to combat this threat. In vitro-directed evolution is traditionally applied to expand the bacteriophage host range or increase bacterial suppression in planktonic cultures.

Combination of bacteriophages and vancomycin in a co-delivery hydrogel for localized treatment of fracture-related infections.

Fracture-related infections (FRIs), particularly those caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), are challenging to treat. This study designed and evaluated a hydrogel loaded with a cocktail of bacteriophages and vancomycin (1.2 mg/mL).

evaluation of microbial D- and L-lactate production as biomarkers of infection.

Mammalian cells produce and metabolize almost exclusively L-lactate, bacterial species have the capacity to produce both D-lactate and L-lactate. The aim of this study was to evaluate the intrinsic production of D- and L-lactate in the most common pathogenic microorganisms causing septic arthritis (SA) and periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) as a potential biomarker for the diagnosis of infection. Following microorganisms were grown according to ATCC culture guides and tested for production of D- and L-lactate: (ATCC 43300), (ATCC 35984), (ATCC 19433), (ATCC 19615), (ATCC 25922), (ATCC 27853), (ATCC 11827), and (ATCC 90028).

Targeted enhancement of bacteriophage activity against antibiotic-resistant biofilms through an evolutionary assay.

´ biofilm-forming ability and rapid resistance development pose a significant challenge to successful treatment, particularly in postoperative complications, emphasizing the need for enhanced therapeutic strategies. Bacteriophage (phage) therapy has reemerged as a promising and safe option to combat multidrug-resistant bacteria. However, questions regarding the efficacy of phages against biofilms and the development of phage resistance require further evaluation.

Active shooter in emergency departments in Guanajuato State, Mexico.

Mass violence events, especially in healthcare settings, have devastating consequences and long-lasting effects on the victims and the community. The rate of violent events in Mexico, especially in hospital settings, has increased since 2006, but has become more evident in 2018. Guanajuato State, located in central Mexico, is among the states most affected by the wave of violence, especially active shooter events.

Efficacy of different bioactive glass S53P4 formulations in biofilm eradication and the impact of pH and osmotic pressure.

Aim: The challenging properties of biofilm-associated infections and the rise of multidrug-resistant bacteria are prompting the exploration of alternative treatment options. This study investigates the efficacy of different bioactive glass (BAG) formulations - alone or combined with vancomycin - to eradicate biofilm. Further, we study the influence of BAG on pH and osmotic pressure as important factors limiting bacterial growth.

Approach to theoretical perspectives of "sexual harassment": review and bibliometric analysis from social sciences.

The main goal of this paper is to give an overlook of the current state of sexual harassment. In order to do so, we started making a synthesis of the main theoretical approaches to explain sexual harassment, trying to group the studies into different currents that have historically analyzed this type of violence, to see whether the bibliometric analysis shows a similar presence of the different approaches. To carry out the bibliographic analysis we extracted the documents from the Scopus databases (using the keyword "sexual harassment" up to the year 2021 in the field of social sciences), where after these texts were examined with the tool VOSviewer.

Novel Bacteriophage as Potential Therapeutic Agent.

A novel bacteriophage CUB19 specific to the bacterial species was isolated from hospital sewage and characterized as a new species belonging to a proposed new phage genus 'Cubvirus' (). Its genome contains a total of 48,301 bp and 79 predicted genes, among which some have been associated with packaging and lysis-associated proteins, structural proteins, or DNA- and metabolism-associated proteins. No lysogeny-associated proteins or known virulence proteins were identified on the phage genome.

In Vitro Evaluation of Five Newly Isolated Bacteriophages against Biofilm for Their Potential Use against Post-Treatment Apical Periodontitis.

State-of-the-art treatment of root canal infection includes the use of mechanical debridement and chemical agents. This disinfection method is limited, and microorganisms can remain in the canal system. appears with a high prevalence in secondary and persistent root canal infections and can be linked to endodontic treatment failure due to its various resistance mechanisms.

Novel Bacteriophage Specific against and with Antibiofilm Activity.

has emerged as the most important pathogen in infections related to indwelling medical devices, and although these infections are not life-threatening, their frequency and the fact that they are extremely difficult to treat represent a serious burden on the public health system. Treatment is complicated by specific antibiotic resistance genes and the formation of biofilms. Hence, novel therapeutic strategies are needed to fight these infections.

Photocatalytic Quantum Dot-Armed Bacteriophage for Combating Drug-Resistant Bacterial Infection.

Multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial infection is one of the greatest challenges to public health, a crisis demanding the next generation of highly effective antibacterial agents to specifically target MDR bacteria. Herein, a novel photocatalytic quantum dot (QD)-armed bacteriophage (QD@Phage) is reported for combating green fluorescent protein-expressing Pseudomonas aeruginosa (GFP-P. aeruginosa) infection.

Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Contributes to Paclitaxel Resistance in Bladder Cancer Cells with Cancer Stem Cell-Like Properties.

The Wnt/β-catenin pathway plays an important role in tumor progression and chemotherapy resistance and seems to be essential for the maintenance of cancer stem cells (CSC) in several tumor types. However, the interplay of these factors has not been fully addressed in bladder cancer. Here, our goal was to analyze the role of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in paclitaxel resistance and to study the therapeutic efficacy of its inhibition in bladder cancer cells, as well as to determine its influence in the maintenance of the CSC-like phenotype in bladder cancer.

On the function of biosynthesized cellulose as barrier against bacterial colonization of VAD drivelines.

Bacterial colonization of drivelines represents a major adverse event in the implantation of left ventricular assist devices (L-VADs) for the treatment of congestive heart failure. From the external driveline interface and through the skin breach, pathogens can ascend to the pump pocket, endangering the device function and the patient's life. Surface Micro-Engineered Biosynthesized cellulose (BC) is an implantable biomaterial, which minimizes fibrotic tissue deposition and promotes healthy tissue regeneration.

[Virtual consultations in Traumatology and Orthopaedic Surgery].

Objective: The objective of this study is to analyse the current system of virtual consultations between the levels of Primary and Specialised Care in the field of Traumatology and Orthopaedic Surgery (TOS) in our healthcare area.

Material And Method: A retrospective observational study was carried out on 90 consecutive patients who had a non-face-to-face consultation between 3 January 2017 and 10 February 2017 and subsequently a face-to-face consultation. All the patients belonged to the same healthcare area attached to the Nuestra Señora de Candelaria University Hospital.

Evaluation of Staphylococcal Bacteriophage Sb-1 as an Adjunctive Agent to Antibiotics Against Rifampin-Resistant Biofilms.

Rifampin plays a crucial role in the treatment of staphylococcal implant-associated infection, as it is the only antibiotic capable of eradicating biofilms. However, the emergence of rifampin resistance strongly limits its use. Combinatorial therapy of antibiotics and bacteriophages may represent a strategy to overcome the resistance.

Bacteriophage-antibiotic combinations against ciprofloxacin/ceftriaxone-resistant Escherichia coli in vitro and in an experimental Galleria mellonella model.

Escherichia coli is the most common cause of Gram-negative prosthetic joint infections (PJIs) and ciprofloxacin is the first-line antibiofilm antibiotic. Due to the emergence of fluoroquinolone resistance, management of E. coli PJIs has become challenging and is associated with high treatment failure rates.

Bacteriophage therapy as a treatment strategy for orthopaedic-device-related infections: where do we stand?

Antibiotic resistance represents a key challenge of the 21st century. Since the pipeline of new antibiotics in development is limited, the introduction of alternative antimicrobial strategies is urgently required. Bacteriophage therapy, the use of bacterial viruses to selectively kill bacterial pathogens, is re-emerging as a potential strategy to tackle difficult-to-treat and multidrug-resistant pathogens.

Using Bacteriophages as a Trojan Horse to the Killing of Dual-Species Biofilm Formed by and Methicillin Resistant .

and are pathogens able to colonize surfaces and form together a mixed biofilm. Dual-species biofilms are significantly more resistant to antimicrobials than a monomicrobial community, leading to treatment failure. Due to their rapid bactericidal activity, the self-amplification ability and the biofilm degrading properties, bacteriophages represent a promising therapeutic option in fighting biofilm-related infections.

Antimicrobial activity of bioactive glass S53P4 against representative microorganisms causing osteomyelitis - Real-time assessment by isothermal microcalorimetry.

Bioactive glass (BAG) is a synthetic bone substitute with intrinsic antimicrobial properties, used for bone defect filling. We evaluated the antimicrobial activity of two formulations of BAG S53P4 against representative pathogens of osteomyelitis: Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans. Antimicrobial activity of BAG S53P4 was assessed by isothermal microcalorimetry, a highly sensitive assay measuring metabolic-related microbial heat production in real-time.

Synergistic Activity of Fosfomycin, Ciprofloxacin, and Gentamicin Against and Biofilms.

Gram-negative (GN) rods cause about 10% periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) and represent an increasing challenge due to emergence of antimicrobial resistance. and are among the most common cause of GN-PJI and ciprofloxacin is the first-line antibiotic. Due to emergence of fluoroquinolone resistance, we evaluated the activity of fosfomycin, ciprofloxacin, and gentamicin, alone and in combinations, against and biofilms.

In vitro antimicrobial activity against Abiotrophia defectiva and Granulicatella elegans biofilms.

Objectives: To determine the efficacy of different antibiotics (alone or in combination) against Abiotrophia defectiva and Granulicatella elegans biofilms and to investigate the anti-biofilm activity of gentamicin alone versus blood culture isolates from both species.

Methods: The activity of benzylpenicillin, clindamycin, daptomycin, fosfomycin, gentamicin, levofloxacin and rifampicin against 24-hour-old biofilms of A. defectiva and G.

Real-Time Antimicrobial Susceptibility Assay of Planktonic and Biofilm Bacteria by Isothermal Microcalorimetry.

Most antimicrobials currently used in the clinical practice are tested as growth inhibitors against free-floating microorganisms in a liquid suspension, rather than against sessile cells constituting biofilms. Hence, reliable, fast, and reproducible methods for assessing biofilm susceptibility to antimicrobials are strongly needed. Isothermal microcalorimetry (IMC) is a nondestructive sensitive technique that allows for the real-time monitoring of microbial viability in the presence or absence of antimicrobial compounds.