Arsenic inorganic exposure, metabolism, genetic biomarkers and its impact on human health: A mini-review.

Inorganic arsenic species exist in the environment as a result of both natural sources, such as volcanic and geothermal activities, and geological formations, as well as anthropogenic activities, including smelting, exploration of fossil fuels, coal burning, mining, and the use of pesticides. These species deposit in water, rocks, soil, sediments, and the atmosphere. Arsenic-contaminated drinking water is a global public health issue because of its natural prevalence and toxicity.

Psychometric Properties of the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scale III in Latin American University Dental Students.

Objective: The Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scale III (FACES III) is a self-report instrument that enables the assessment of the dimensions of adaptability and cohesion within a family, establishing whether or not that family is functional and classifying it according to categories within those dimensions. The objective of this research was to determine the psychometric properties of this instrument using a sample of dental students from 5 Latin American countries.

Materials And Methods: The FACES III was administered to a sample of 2888 university dental students from Colombia (35.

Enamel fluorosis related with fluoride-containing water ingestion and urinary excretion in schoolchildren.

Background: Natural water sources are considered as the major environmental exposure of fluoride, resulting in increased prevalence of enamel fluorosis. This type of natural exposure should be permanently monitored to avoid the interactions with other non-natural fluoride sources. We evaluated the prevalence of enamel fluorosis in Colombian schoolchildren and its relationship with fluoride-containing water ingestion exposure dose and urinary fluoride excretion.

Classification of Adventitious Sounds Combining Cochleogram and Vision Transformers.

Early identification of respiratory irregularities is critical for improving lung health and reducing global mortality rates. The analysis of respiratory sounds plays a significant role in characterizing the respiratory system's condition and identifying abnormalities. The main contribution of this study is to investigate the performance when the input data, represented by cochleogram, is used to feed the Vision Transformer (ViT) architecture, since this input-classifier combination is the first time it has been applied to adventitious sound classification to our knowledge.

Risk model of seizure cluster or status epilepticus and intervention in the emergency department.

Objectives: To identify possible predictors of seizure cluster or status epilepticus (SE) and to evaluate whether these patients receive greater interventions in emergency departments.

Methodology: We conducted a secondary analysis of the ACESUR Registry, a multipurpose, observational, prospective, multicentre registry of adult patients with seizures from 18 emergency departments. Clinical and care-related variables were collected.

How can we improve the quality of health care in hospital attendance of medically complex children?

Unlabelled: Hospital care of medically complex children (MCC) is increasing, although its real prevalence in Spain is unknown.

Objective: to analyze hospital admissions and outpatient follow-up of MCC in order to identify strategies to improve the quality of care of MCC.

Patients And Method: An analytical, observational, and retrospective study was carried out.

Clinical Relevance of RSV and SARS-CoV-2 Coinfections in Infants and Young Children.

We analyzed the frequency, clinical impact and severity of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and SARS-CoV-2 coinfections in a single pediatric center between March 2020 and January 2023. Compared to single RSV infections, RSV/SARS-CoV-2 coinfections were uncommon (2.1%), occurred more frequently during circulation of omicron, and were associated with increased disease severity as defined by longer hospitalization and increased need for high-flow nasal cannula.

[Impact of the "daily huddle" on the safety of pediatric hospitalized patients].

Introduction: In 2017, the Joint Commission proposed daily meetings called "huddle" as an indicator of quality of care. They are brief daily meetings of the multidisciplinary team, where security problems of the last 24h are shared and risks are anticipated. The objectives were to describe the most frequent safety events in Pediatric wards, implement improvements in patient safety, improve team communication, implement international safety protocols, and measure the satisfaction of the staff involved.

Do we overestimate intravenous fluid therapy needs? Adverse effects related to isotonic solutions during pediatric hospital admissions.

Introduction: Maintenance intravenous fluids are frequently used in hospitalised pediatric patients. The aim of the study was to describe the adverse effects of isotonic fluid therapy in hospitalised patients, and its prevalence based on the rate of infusion.

Materials And Methods: A prospective clinical observational study was designed.

Clinical Phenotype of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Bronchiolitis before and during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic.

Objective: The main objective of this report was to comprehensively analyze the clinical characteristics of children hospitalized with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections in 2021 during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and to compare them with those in the five previous RSV seasons. We hypothesized that the clinical and demographic features of children hospitalized with RSV infection in 2021 were different from those hospitalized in previous respiratory seasons.

Study Design: In this retrospective observational study, children younger than 2 years hospitalized with RSV bronchiolitis from January 1, 2015, to December 31, 2021, at the Department of Pediatrics of the Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain, were included.

Age and respiratory syncytial virus etiology in bronchiolitis clinical outcomes.

Background: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most frequent cause of bronchiolitis. Precise and updated information about demographic characteristics, clinical manifestations, and risk factors for severe disease are needed for optimal implementation of upcoming new therapeutic and preventive interventions.

Objectives: The main goals of this study were to define the epidemiology of acute bronchiolitis in hospitalized young children during 5 calendar years in Spain; evaluate the differences in clinical manifestations between children hospitalized with RSV infection and those hospitalized with non-RSV infection; and identify demographic characteristics, clinical parameters, and risk factors associated with disease severity.

A rare complication of jejunal extension of a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube for levodopa-carbidopa intestinal gel administration.

Direct intestinal administration of levodopa-carbidopa gel has shown good results in selected patients with Parkinson's disease (1, 2). We want to present a complication related to the device necessary for the administration of this drug. A 58-year-old man, diagnosed with Parkinson's disease, treated for six months with levodopa-carbidopa intestinal gel, administered through a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube with jejunal extension, presented at the emergency department for abdominal pain.

A bacteraemia risk prediction model: development and validation in an emergency medicine population.

Objective: Design a risk model to predict bacteraemia in patients attended in emergency departments (ED) for an episode of infection.

Methods: This was a national, prospective, multicentre, observational cohort study of blood cultures (BC) collected from adult patients (≥ 18 years) attended in 71 Spanish EDs from October 1 2019 to March 31, 2020. Variables with a p value < 0.

Nasal and Fecal Microbiota and Immunoprofiling of Infants With and Without RSV Bronchiolitis.

Bronchiolitis associated with the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of hospitalization among infants aged < 1 year. The main objective of this work was to assess the nasal and fecal microbiota and immune profiles in infants with RSV bronchiolitis, and to compare them with those of healthy infants. For this purpose, a total of 58 infants with RSV-positive bronchiolitis and 17 healthy infants (aged < 18 months) were recruited in this case-control study, which was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Hospital Gregorio Marañón.

Risk model of seizure cluster or status epilepticus and intervention in the emergency department.

Objectives: To identify possible predictors of seizure cluster or status epilepticus (SE) and to evaluate whether these patients receive greater interventions in emergency departments.

Methodology: We conducted a secondary analysis of the ACESUR Registry, a multipurpose, observational, prospective, multicentre registry of adult patients with seizures from 18 emergency departments. Clinical and care-related variables were collected.

Incidence, clinical characteristics, risk factors and outcomes of meningoencephalitis in patients with COVID-19.

We investigated the incidence, clinical characteristics, risk factors, and outcome of meningoencephalitis (ME) in patients with COVID-19 attending emergency departments (ED), before hospitalization. We retrospectively reviewed all COVID patients diagnosed with ME in 61 Spanish EDs (20% of Spanish EDs, COVID-ME) during the COVID pandemic. We formed two control groups: non-COVID patients with ME (non-COVID-ME) and COVID patients without ME (COVID-non-ME).

Longitudinal plasma cytokine concentrations and recurrent wheezing after RSV bronchiolitis.

Background: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis in young children has been associated with increased risk for developing recurrent wheezing, but the underlying mechanisms, are not completely defined. We hypothesized that RSV induces a disregulated immune response defined by a distinct cytokine profile in infants at increased risk for developing recurrent wheezing.

Methods: Previously healthy infants less than 12 months of age hospitalized with a first episode of RSV bronchiolitis were enrolled and blood samples and clinical and epidemiological data collected.

Incidence, Clinical Characteristics, Risk Factors, and Outcomes of Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Patients With COVID-19: Results of the UMC-19-S12.

Objective: The authors investigated the incidence, risk factors, clinical characteristics, and outcomes of upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGB) in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), who were attending the emergency department (ED), before hospitalization.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed all COVID-19 patients diagnosed with UGB in 62 Spanish EDs (20% of Spanish EDs, case group) during the first 2 months of the COVID-19 outbreak. We formed 2 control groups: COVID-19 patients without UGB (control group A) and non-COVID-19 patients with UGB (control group B).