Proteomics and phosphoproteomics reveal novel proteins involved in carcasses.

is a common freshwater mollusk that is widely distributed worldwide, especially in China. In our research, 1,382 proteins and 1,039 phosphorylated proteins were identified from carcasses, and 690 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were quantified. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses revealed that the DEPs are involved in cellular processes, single-organism processes, metabolic processes, developmental processes, localization, and biological regulation.

First reported infection in Griffon vulture () in China.

This present study is the first case of a () infection reported in () in China. This study aimed to identify the nematode species and explore the genetic evolution of worms infecting (). Clinical examination revealed several milky white parasites in the stomach and intestinal tract.

Comparative proteomics analysis of adult isolates from .

is an important parasite that causes disease that seriously endangers ruminant animals cattle, sheep, goat, and camel. Here, we compared the proeomics analysis of three adult isolates from mouflons (). A total of 1,299 adult worm proteins were identified, and 461 proteins were quantified, of which 82 (108), 83 (97), and 97 (86) significantly upregulated (downregulated) differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were detected among pairwise comparisons (1-vs.

Corrigendum: Comparative proteomics analysis of developed in different snails as intermediate hosts.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.

Metabolism Profile of Mequindox in Sea Cucumbers In Vivo Using LC-HRMS.

In this work, the metabolism behavior of mequindox (MEQ) in sea cucumber in vivo was investigated using LC-HRMS. In total, nine metabolites were detected and identified as well as the precursor in sea cucumber tissues. The metabolic pathways of MEQ in sea cucumber mainly include hydrogenation reduction, deoxidation, carboxylation, deacetylation, and combinations thereof.

Comparative Proteomics Analysis for Elucidating the Interaction Between Host Cells and .

, a representative model organism belonging to the phylum Apicomplexa, can infect almost all warm-blooded organisms, including humans. The invasion of host cells host-parasite interaction is the key step for to complete its life cycle. Herein we performed tandem mass tag analysis to investigate global proteomic changes in host cells (human foreskin fibroblasts, HFFs) [HFFs infected with (HT) .

Protective immunity induced by a DNA vaccine cocktail expressing TgSAG1, TgROP2, and the genetic adjuvant HBsAg against Toxoplasma gondii infection.

Toxoplasma gondii is an intracellular obligate parasitic protozoon that can infect all warm-blooded animals, causing zoonotic toxoplasmosis. So far, there is no commercial toxoplasmosis vaccine for human use. In the present study, we constructed a DNA vaccine cocktail which includes the surface protein (SAG1) and the rhoptry protein ROP2 denoted as pEGFP-N1-SAG1-ROP2.

Understanding the regulation of overwintering diapause molecular mechanisms in Culex pipiens pallens through comparative proteomics.

To reveal overwintering dormancy (diapause) mechanisms of Culex pipiens pallens (L.), global protein expression differences at three separate time points represent nondiapause, diapause preparation and overwintering diapause phases of Cx. pipiens pallens were compared using iTRAQ.

Prediction of Toxoplasma gondii virulence factor ROP18 competitive inhibitors by virtual screening.

Background: Rhoptry protein 18 (ROP18) is a key virulence factor of Toxoplasma gondii. The host's immune responses mediated by immune-related GTPases (IRGs) could be blocked by ROP18's kinase activity. ROP18 also interacts with various substrates, such as activating transcription factor 6 beta (ATF6β) and affects multiple physiological functions within host cells, thereby inducing intense virulence.

Mutation Profile of and in Plasmodium falciparum among Returned Chinese Migrant Workers from Africa.

We evaluated markers of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) resistance in among 254 returned migrant workers in China from Africa from 2013 to 2016. High prevalences of (97.2%) and (96.

Protective immune response against Toxoplasma gondii elicited by a novel yeast-based vaccine with microneme protein 16.

Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular protozoan that can invade all eukaryotic cells and infect all warm-blood animals, causing the important zoonosis toxoplasmosis. Invasion of host cells is the key step necessary for T. gondii to complete its life cycle and microneme proteins play an important role in attachment and invasion of host cells.

[Construction and expression of multi-gene recombinant plasmid pEG-FP-N1-HBsAg-ROP2].

Objective: To construct pEGFP-N1-HBsAg-ROP2 recombinant expression plasmid and transfect HEK293T cells for expression, and pay a way for nucleic acid vaccine development.

Methods: According to the HBsAg gene sequence and pcDNA3-p30-ROP2 recombinant plasmid restriction sites, the HBsAg gene was amplified by PCR. The HBsAg gene was cloned into the pcDNA3-p30-ROP2 and instead of p30 gene.

Cysticercosis in Shandong Province, Eastern China.

We analyzed demographic and clinical data and estimated the incidence of cysticercosis in Shandong Province, China, during 1975-2014. Our analyses showed that a cysticercosis-endemic area is present in Shandong Province, especially in its western regions. Improved surveillance and control are needed to address the elevated risk for cysticercosis in this region.

Neospora caninum ROP16 play an important role in the pathogenicity by phosphorylating host cell STAT3.

Neospora caninum is a common cause of abortions in cattle and nervous system dysfunctions in dogs. Our analysis shows that NcROP16 and TgROP16 have similar structures and may have similar functions. To our surprise, we found that similar to the T.

Expression of codon-optimized TgMIC16 in three strains.

In a previous study, we found that rabbit anti- serum was capable of recognizing truncated microneme protein 16 (TgMIC16), indicating that TgMIC16 is an essential antigenic protein. However, the broad application of this recombinant protein is limited by its low expression level. In this study, we performed codon optimization of by changing the codon-adaptation index from 0.

[Prokaryotic Expression, Purification and Immunological Characterization of Micronemal Protein 16 of Toxoplama gondii].

Objective: To prokaryotically express three gene fragments of micronemal protein 16 （TgMIC16） of Toxoplasma gondii, and analyze the immunoreactivity of the three recombinant protein products.

Methods: Primers were designed for three fragments of TgMIC16 gene which encode proteins within the functional domain. Reverse-transcription PCR was used to generate cDNA from RNA, and the three fragments were amplified on the cDNA by PCR using the designed primers.

[Prokaryotic expression and identification of rhoptry protein 38 of ].

Objective: To explore the biological function of rhoptry protein 38 (ROP38) of , and to identify the reactogenicity of the recombinant protein (rROP38).

Methods: The ROP38 was amplified by RT-PCR from RH strain, and was cloned into prokaryotic expression vector pET-28a (+). The recombinant plasmid was transformed into BL21 (DE3) competent cells.

High-sensitivity chemiluminescent immunoassay investigation and application for the detection of T-2 toxin and major metabolite HT-2 toxin.

Background: T-2 toxin is a widely distributed mycotoxin in cereals. HT-2 toxin is the major metabolite, which is also a contaminant in cereals. T-2 toxin and HT-2 toxin have been identified as having carcinogenic, hepatotoxic, teratogenic and immunotoxic properties.

[Extraction Method of Malaria Parasite DNA from Preserved Positive Blood Smears].

Objective: To develop a method for DNA extraction from malaria parasites on preserved blood smears, to provide basis for research on malaria genetic traceability.

Methods: The improved DNA extraction kit (QIAamp DNA Mini Kit) was used to extract plasmodium DNA from 41 giemsa-stained blood smears, and the extraction was compared with that using the Chelex-100 and Na(2)HPO(4) methods. Nested PCR was used to amplify small subunit ribosomal RNA to identify Plasmodium parasite.

[Cloning and Bioinformatics Analysis of Toxoplasma gondii ROP21 Gene].

The full-length gene sequence of Toxoplasma gondii ROP21 (TgROP21) gene was amplified with PCR. The signaling peptide and transmembrane domain of TgROP21 protein were predicted by SignaIP and TMHMM online predictive sites, and the hydrophilicity and antigenic index of this protein were ananlyzed with DNAStar software. Meanwhile, the functional domains and tertiary structure were modeled by combined use of ExPASY and PRODATA online sites.

Construction and identification of Complex DNA vaccine of hepatitis B and Toxoplasma gondii.

Objective: To construct and identify multi-gene recombinant expression vector pcDNA3-HBsAg-p30-ROP2.

Method: Primers were designed according to the gene sequences of restriction enzyme cutting site of recombinant pcDNA3-p30-ROP2 and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). The target fragment of HBsAg was amplified and cloned to expression vector pcDNA3-p30-ROP2 by restriction enzyme digestion and ligation.