Background: HIV/AIDS among the elderly presents a new public health challenge in China. We aimed to explore historical trends (2004-2018) and project the future (2019-2030) burden of HIV/AIDS incidence and mortality among the elderly in China.
Methods: We utilized data from the Data Center of China Public Health Science database on HIV/AIDS incidence and mortality, employing the Bayesian age-period-cohort model to reveal the age-period-cohort effect in the HIV/AIDS burden, and projecting the incidence and mortality rates up to 2030.
Introduction: Residential greenness may influence COPD mortality, but the causal links, risk trajectories, and mediation pathways between them remain poorly understood.
Objectives: We aim to comprehensively identify the potential causal links, characterize the dynamic progression of hospitalization or posthospital risk, and quantify mediation effects between greenness and COPD.
Methods: This study was conducted using a community-based cohort enrolling individuals aged ≥ 18 years in southern China from January 1, 2009 to December 31, 2015.
Ambient fine particulate matter (PM) has attracted considerable attention due to its crucial role in the rising global disease burden. Evidence of health risks associated with exposure to PM and its major constituents is important for advancing hazard assessments and air pollution emission policies. We investigated the relationship between exposure to major constituents of PM and outpatient visits as well as hospitalizations in Guangdong Province, China, where 127 million residents live in a severe PM pollution environment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Although the global COVID-19 emergency ended, the real-world effects of multiple non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) and the relative contribution of individual NPIs over time were poorly understood, limiting the mitigation of future potential epidemics.
Methods: Based on four large-scale datasets including epidemic parameters, virus variants, vaccines, and meteorological factors across 51 states in the United States from August 2020 to July 2022, we established a Bayesian hierarchical model with a spike-and-slab prior to assessing the time-varying effect of NPIs and vaccination on mitigating COVID-19 transmission and identifying important NPIs in the context of different variants pandemic.
Results: We found that (i) the empirical reduction in reproduction number attributable to integrated NPIs was 52.
Background: China has a serious air pollution problem and a high prevalence of obesity. The interaction between the two and its impact on all-cause mortality is a public health issue of great concern.
Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the association between long-term exposure to particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter ≤ 1 μm (PM) and all-cause mortality, as well as the interaction effect of body mass index (BMI) in the association.
Background: Although emerging studies have illuminated the protective association between greenness and respiratory mortality, efforts to quantify the potentially complex role of air pollution in the causal pathway are still limited. We aimed to examine the potential roles of air pollution in the causal pathway between greenness and respiratory mortality in China.
Methods: We used data from a community-based prospective cohort of 654,115 participants in southern China (Jan 2009-Dec 2020).
Background: Although the association between short-term air pollution exposure and certain hospitalizations has been well documented, evidence on the effect of longer-term (e. g., monthly) air pollution on a comprehensive set of outcomes is still limited.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: We aimed to estimate the causal impacts of long-term exposure to major PM components - including black carbon, organic matter, sulfate, nitrate, and ammonium - on the incidence and mortality of tuberculosis in China.
Methods: We collected annual and provincial-level tuberculosis incidence and mortality, concentrations of PM components, and socioeconomic indicators from between 2004 and 2018 in mainland China. We used the difference-in-differences (DID) causal inference approach with a generalized weighted quantile sum (gWQS) regression model to estimate the long-term effects and relative contributions of PM components' exposure on tuberculosis incidence and mortality.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused hundreds of millions of infections and millions of deaths over past two years. Currently, many countries have still not been able to take the pandemic under control. In this review, we systematically summarized what we have done to mitigate the COVID-19 pandemic, from the perspectives of virus transmission, public health control measures, to the development and vaccination of COVID-19 vaccines.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors are widely used to treat hormone receptor-positive (HR+) breast cancer due to their efficient performance in improving survival outcomes. Although the side effects of these agents on the hematological and gastrointestinal systems have attracted significant attention, the adverse effects that have direct impacts on patients' quality of life, such as stomatitis, have not been well explored to date.
Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted in the PubMed, Google Scholar, European Society of Medical Oncology (ESMO), and American Society of Clinical Oncology databases.
Most studies focused on the temporal trend of mortality risk associated with temperature exposure. The relative role of heat, cold, and temperature variation (TV) on morbidity and its temporal trends are explored insufficiently. This study aims to investigate the temporal trends of emergency ambulance dispatch (EAD) risk and the attributable burden of heat, cold, and hourly temperature variation (HTV).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHypertension, a major risk factor of many severe chronic diseases and leading cause of global disease burden, is reported to be associated with long-term exposure to PM. China's high PM pollution level has become a major public health issue. However, existing studies from China have got inconsistent results with very limited investigation into the multi-ethnic peoples.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExisting studies focused on the evaluation of health burden of long-term exposure to air pollutants, whereas limited information is available on short-term exposure, particularly in China. Air pollutant concentrations in 338 Chinese cities in 2017 were used to estimate the air pollutants related health burden which was defined as premature mortalities from all-cause, cardiovascular and respiratory disease as well as hospital admissions for cardiovascular and respiratory disease. Log-linear model was used as the exposure-response function to estimate the health burden attributable to each air pollutant.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis study aimed to evaluate the disparity in the under-five mortality rate (U5MR) between minority and non-minority areas in Sichuan Province in Western China. Data for this study was obtained from the National Health Statistics Survey System. The Cochran-Armitage trend test was used to analyze the time trend of the U5MR.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis study analysed trends in the unintentional injuries specific mortality rates among children under age five (UI-specific U5MRs) in urban and rural areas in the Sichuan province of western China. Data were obtained from the National Health Statistics Survey System. The Cochran-Armitage trend test was used to analyse the trends in UI-specific U5MRs and the proportion of unintentional injury deaths to total deaths.
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