Female urinary incontinence in China after 15 years' efforts: Results from large-scale nationwide surveys.

Urinary incontinence (UI) is a disease that quietly yet seriously impacts women's health and represents a global health burden that is often neglected. This study aims to systematically assess the prevalence and dynamics of female UI in China, and can inform further policies and have international implications. This study used three nationwide investigations: A national cross-sectional survey in 2021; another nationwide cross-sectional survey in 2006; and data regarding the institutions and physicians providing pelvic floor rehabilitation services from 2005 to 2019.

A comparative analysis of chloroplast genomes revealed the chloroplast heteroplasmy of .

L. is the main source of artemisinin, an antimalarial drug. High diversity of morphological characteristics and artemisinin contents of has affected the stable production of artemisinin while efficient discrimination method of strains is not available.

Potentiating Salvage Radiotherapy in Radiorecurrent Prostate Cancer Through Anti-CTLA4 Therapy: Implications from a Syngeneic Model.

High-risk prostate cancer (PCa) is a leading cause in cancer death and can elicit significant morbidity and mortality. Currently, the salvage of local disease recurrence after radiation therapy (RT) is a major clinical problem. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), which enhance immune activation, have demonstrated clinical therapeutic promise in combination with ionizing radiation (IR) in certain advanced cancers.

Lipidomics combined with random forest machine learning algorithms to reveal freshness markers for duck eggs during storage in different rearing systems.

The differences in lipids in duck eggs between the 2 rearing systems during storage have not been fully studied. Herein, we propose untargeted lipidomics combined with a random forest (RF) algorithm to identify potential marker lipids based on ultra-performance liquid chromatography‒mass spectrometry (UPLPC-MS/MS). A total of 106 and 16 differential lipids (DL) were screened in egg yolk and white, respectively.

Tumor immune microenvironment of NSCLC with EGFR exon 20 insertions may predict efficacy of first-line ICI-combined regimen.

Objectives: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with exon 20 insertion mutations (ex20ins) of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) were resistant to monotherapy of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI). However, recent reports have shown that the combination of ICI and chemotherapy (ICI-combined regimen) exhibited certain efficacy for NSCLC with EGFR ex20ins. The mechanisms behind this phenomenon have not been thoroughly clarified.

Four novel variants identified in the gene causing very-long-chain acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase deficiency in four unrelated Chinese families.

: The biochemical and genetic characteristics of four very-long-chain acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase deficiency (VLCADD) patients, clarifying their pathogenic genetic factors and evaluating the application value of genetic diagnosis in the early diagnosis of VLCADD, are reported and discussed in this article. : Patients underwent blood tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS), urine gas chromatography (GC/MS), and high-throughput sequencing technology. New variants were analyzed for pathogenicity using bioinformatics software.

Prediction of Clinical Severity of COVID-19 Using a Combination of Heparin-Binding Protein, Interleukin-6, and C-Reactive Protein: A Retrospective Study.

Background: Systemic inflammation stands as a pivotal factor tightly interwoven with the progression of COVID-19. This study endeavors to elucidate the significance of three key inflammatory molecules, that is, heparin-binding protein (HBP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and C-reactive protein (CRP), in assessing the severity and prognostic implications of COVID-19.

Methods: The demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were retrospectively collected from a cohort of 214 adult patients diagnosed with COVID-19.

Evaluation of tissue conditioner-assisted complete denture restoration: A randomized controlled clinical trial.

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical effect of three impression methods, conventional, closed-mouth, and tissue conditioner, on complete denture fabrication.

Methods: 60 subjects (edentulous with severely resorbed alveolar ridges - Atwood classification III or IV) who visited the Prosthodontic Department of Wuxi Stomatology Hospital, China, between January 2022 and June 2023, were selected for this study. The subjects were randomly divided into three groups of 20: a conventional impression group (CI group), a closed-mouth impression group (CM group), and a tissue conditioner group (TC group).

Engineered minimal type I CRISPR-Cas system for transcriptional activation and base editing in human cells.

Type I CRISPR-Cas systems are widespread and have exhibited high versatility and efficiency in genome editing and gene regulation in prokaryotes. However, due to the multi-subunit composition and large size, their application in eukaryotes has not been thoroughly investigated. Here, we demonstrate that the type I-F2 Cascade, the most compact among type I systems, with a total gene size smaller than that of SpCas9, can be developed for transcriptional activation in human cells.

Impact of sarcopenia and obesity on overall survival in patients with head and neck cancer receiving radiotherapy: A longitudinal study.

Purpose: To analyze the impact of sarcopenia and obesity on overall survival (OS) in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) receiving radiotherapy (RT).

Methods: This prospective longitudinal study recruited 494 patients using convenient sampling. Weight and body composition were assessed before RT (T), and at the end of RT (T) using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA).

The feasibility of targeted axillary dissection for breast cancer axillary surgery de-escalation after neoadjuvant therapy: A prospective cohort study.

Purpose: Targeted axillary dissection (TAD) after neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) includes removing of marked and sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs). The aim was to investigate the optimization of TAD localization techniques after NAT among breast cancer patients.

Methods: From November 2020 to 2022, we prospectively enrolled 107 lymph node-positive breast cancer patients in XX Hospital and received complete cycles of NAT.

Key genes and regulatory networks for diabetic retinopathy based on hypoxia-related genes: a bioinformatics analysis.

Aim: To prevent neovascularization in diabetic retinopathy (DR) patients and partially control disease progression.

Methods: Hypoxia-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified from the GSE60436 and GSE102485 datasets, followed by gene ontology (GO) functional annotation and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis. Potential candidate drugs were screened using the CMap database.

Functional connectome gradient predicts clinical symptoms of chronic insomnia disorder.

Insomnia is the second most prevalent psychiatric disorder worldwide, but the understanding of the pathophysiology of insomnia remains fragmented. In this study, we calculated the connectome gradient in 50 chronic insomnia disorder (CID) patients and 38 healthy controls (HC) to assess changes due to insomnia and utilized these gradients in a connectome-based predictive modeling (CPM) to predict clinical symptoms associated with insomnia. The results suggested that insomnia led to significant alterations in the functional gradients of some brain areas.

Identification of a biomarker to predict doxorubicin/cisplatin chemotherapy efficacy in osteosarcoma patients using primary, recurrent and metastatic specimens.

Background: Doxorubicin and cisplatin are both first-line chemotherapeutics for osteosarcoma (OS) treatment. However, the efficacy of doxorubicin/cisplatin chemotherapy varies considerably. Thus, identifying an efficient diagnostic biomarker to distinguish patients with good and poor responses to doxorubicin/cisplatin chemotherapy is of paramount importance.

Oral secretions from striped stem borer (Chilo suppressalis) induce defenses in rice.

Background: The striped stem borer (SSB, Chilo suppressalis) is one of the most destructive insect pests on rice. As a chewing insect, SSB larval feeding causes a dramatic increase in rice defense responses. However, the effects of oral secretions (OSs) during SSB feeding on rice defense remain largely unexplored.

Validity of evaluation scales for post-stroke depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Post-stroke depression (PSD) is closely associated with poor stroke prognosis. However, there are some challenges in identifying and assessing PSD. This study aimed to identify scales for PSD diagnosis, assessment, and follow-up that are straightforward, accurate, efficient, and reproducible.

N-demethylsinomenine metabolite and its prototype sinomenine activate mast cells via MRGPRX2 and aggravate anaphylaxis.

Sinomenine hydrochloride (SH) is commonly used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. It activates mast cells and induces anaphylaxis in the clinical setting. Adverse drug reactions can be caused by activation of MAS-associated G protein-coupled receptor X2 (MRGPRX2) on mast cells.

Survival benefit and spatial properties of tertiary lymphoid structures in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma with neoadjuvant therapies.

Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) were associated with survival in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) undergoing surgery alone (SA). However, their clinical relevance in neoadjuvant therapies remains less known. Here, we firstly investigated the presence, maturation and spatial distribution of TLSs in 359 ESCC patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NCT), neoadjuvant immunotherapy (NCI), neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NCRT) or SA.

Effects of Topic Delivery of an Inhibitor of Serine Racemase on Laser-Induced Choroidal Vasculopathy.

Purpose: Intravitreal injection of anti-VEGF antibodies remains the primary therapy for exudative age-related macular degeneration (exAMD), although its efficacy is limited. Previous research has demonstrated that both a loss-of-function mutation of srr and the intravenous injection of a serine racemase inhibitor, L-aspartic acid β-hydroxamate (L-ABH), significantly inhibit laser-induced choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in mice. Given that L-ABH is a small molecule, this study investigated the effects of L-ABH administered via eye drops on CNV, aiming to develop a noninvasive treatment strategy for exAMD.

Valence Band-Tunable NiFe Electrocatalyst Triggered by the Dynamic Mo Exudation and Re-Deposition for Superior High Current Density Oxygen Evolution Reaction.

Developing energy- and time-efficient strategies to derive high-performance non-precious electrocatalysts for anodic oxygen evolution reaction (OER), especially stably working at industrial-demanding current density, is still a big challenge. In this work, a concise molten salt erosion scenario was devised to rapidly modulate the smooth surface of the commercial NiMo foam substrate into the rough, electronically coupled, and hierarchically porous Ni/Fe/Mo(oxy)hydroxide catalyst layer assembled by the nanosphere array. This self-supported catalyst is super-hydrophilic for the alkaline electrolyte and distinguished by a balanced Mo leaching/surface-readsorption process to tune the metal d band center and electronic perturbation.