Investigating the Role of TNF-Alpha through Blood-Brain Barrier Integrity in Stress-Induced Depression.

Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a complex psychiatric condition significantly impacted by environmental stress and inflammation. Previous research suggests that stress-induced alterations in the blood-brain barrier (BBB) may allow pro-inflammatory cytokines like interleukin-6 (IL-6) to enter the brain, contributing to depression. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) is another prominent cytokine implicated in depression, but its role in the context of BBB integrity and stress-mediated depression remains unclear.

Mental health during the 2022 Russo-Ukrainian War: A scoping review and unmet needs.

Introduction: The Russo-Ukrainian War (RUW) poses a significant mental health burden, warranting a scoping review of the evidence to shed light on the unmet needs.

Methods: MEDLINE/PubMed and EMBASE databases were inquired from inception until September 1st, 2023, to address the following a-priori-formulated questions: i) "Which psychiatric population has been assessed? How did the conflict affect the functioning of people with established mental health conditions (e.g.

New Evidence for the Role of the Blood-Brain Barrier and Inflammation in Stress-Associated Depression: A Gene-Environment Analysis Covering 19,296 Genes in 109,360 Humans.

Mounting evidence supports the key role of the disrupted integrity of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in stress- and inflammation-associated depression. We assumed that variations in genes regulating the expression and coding proteins constructing and maintaining this barrier, along with those involved in inflammation, have a predisposing or protecting role in the development of depressive symptoms after experiencing severe stress. To prove this, genome-by-environment (GxE) interaction analyses were conducted on 6.

The Population Typology of Conspiracy Beliefs About Sars-Cov-2 Origin in Russia Based on Predictive Modelling of COMET-G Study Data: Incoherent Attitude Indicator as a Predisposing Factor for Developing Mental Disturbances.

Background: We examined the prevalence and spread of conspiracy beliefs about the origins of the COVID-19 pandemic among representatives of the Russian population. Our study aimed to identify belief clusters and develop predictive models to understand the factors that influence conspiracy beliefs, particularly in the context of how they might evolve in response to socio-political events and cause mental disturbances, thus in relation to specific pathways of the infodemic and psychodemic waves that spread among vulnerable population groups.

Methods: Data respondents to the international COMET-G study living in Russia during pandemic period (n=7,777) were analyzed using descriptive statistics, K-means clustering, and various machine learning models, including gradient boosting.

The emergence of antidepressant drugs targeting GABA receptors: A concise review.

Depression is among the most common psychiatric illnesses, which imposes a major socioeconomic burden on patients, caregivers, and the public health system. Treatment with classical antidepressants (e.g.

Association between affective temperaments and the severity and the extent of coronary artery disease as obtained by coronary CT angiography.

Background: Affective temperaments are documented predictors of psychopathology, but cumulating data suggest their relationship with coronary artery disease (CAD). We aimed to evaluate their role in relation to surrogate semiquantitative markers of coronary plaque burden, as assessed by coronary CT angiography (CCTA).

Methods: We included 351 patients who were referred for CCTA due to suspected CAD.

[The Hungarian adaptation of the Mental Health Quality of Life Questionnaire (MHQoL)].

Unlabelled: Our study presents the Hungarian adaptation of the Mental Health Quality of Life Questionnaire (MHQoL).

Background: In recent decades, there has been a shift in the field of healthcare, with a notable change in the ultimate goal of health interventions. Rather than merely reducing symptoms and prolonging life, the objective of health interventions is now to improve quality of life.

Mental health competencies are stronger determinants of well-being than mental disorder symptoms in both psychiatric and non-clinical samples.

The present study aimed to investigate whether the strength of mental health competencies and the severity of mental disorder symptoms, and their interaction, differ in the strength of their associations with several dimensions of well-being in Hungarian adult psychiatric and non-clinical samples. All respondent in the psychiatric sample (129 patients (44 male, 85 female)) and in the non-clinical community sample (253 adults (43 male, 210 female)) completed the Mental Health Test, six measures of well-being and mental health, and the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised. Including both mental health competencies and mental disorder symptoms in a regression model in both samples can predict patients' well-being even more accurately.

Adherence to dietary recommendations mediates the effect of affective temperaments on infertility treatment outcomes.

Affective temperaments have been shown to robustly affect infertility treatment success. However, identification of possible mediating factors through which they exert their influence is still lacking. A growing number of results suggest that adherence to recommended treatments may be such a mediator, on the one hand, because affective temperaments are known to influence adherence and, on the other hand, because non-adherence negatively influences the treatment outcome.

Olfactory genes affect major depression in highly educated, emotionally stable, lean women: a bridge between animal models and precision medicine.

Most current approaches to establish subgroups of depressed patients for precision medicine aim to rely on biomarkers that require highly specialized assessment. Our present aim was to stratify participants of the UK Biobank cohort based on three readily measurable common independent risk factors, and to investigate depression genomics in each group to discover common and separate biological etiology. Two-step cluster analysis was run separately in males (n = 149,879) and females (n = 174,572), with neuroticism (a tendency to experience negative emotions), body fat percentage, and years spent in education as input variables.

Settling a distracted globe: An overview of psychosocial and psychotherapeutic treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

While the currently prevailing theory of ADHD postulates a neurobiological background and core deficits of behavioural inhibition and executive functioning as the basis of ADHD symptoms, our current conceptualisation also acknowledges the essential contributory role of psychosocial, ecological, and cognitive factors. Considering the multifactorial background of ADHD, its treatment equally needs to be multifactorial involving, besides pharmacotherapy, skill development and psychotherapy as well, especially if we postulate the increasing contribution of social factors in the background of the increasing burden of ADHD. Pharmacotherapies, including stimulants and non-stimulant ADHD medications applied as first-line treatments have a positive effect on core behavioural symptoms, however, they often do not sufficiently remediate several other symptoms and comorbid disorders, which are consequences of ADHD, especially considering that ADHD persists into adulthood and is present over the whole life span.

Non-binary gender, vulnerable populations and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic: Data from the COVID-19 MEntal health inTernational for the general population (COMET-G) study.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has brought significant mental health challenges, particularly for vulnerable populations, including non-binary gender individuals. The COMET international study aimed to investigate specific risk factors for clinical depression or distress during the pandemic, also in these special populations.

Methods: Chi-square tests were used for initial screening to select only those variables which would show an initial significance.

Preliminary validation of the Mental Health Test in a psychiatric sample.

To assist psychiatrists and clinical psychologists to assess their patients' psychological immune competence-based capacities and resources, depending on the mental health disorder diagnosis and the severity of the symptoms, the present study examined the psychometric properties of the Mental Health Test in a psychiatric sample. The research was carried out in four Hungarian healthcare facilities using a cross-sectional design. A total of 331 patients (140 male, 188 female, and 3 who preferred not to disclose their gender) completed the Mental Health Test, six well-being and mental health measures, and the Symptom Checklist-90.

Somatic multicomorbidity and disability in patients with psychiatric disorders in comparison to the general population: a quasi-epidemiological investigation in 54,826 subjects from 40 countries (COMET-G study).

Background: The prevalence of medical illnesses is high among patients with psychiatric disorders. The current study aimed to investigate multi-comorbidity in patients with psychiatric disorders in comparison to the general population. Secondary aims were to investigate factors associated with metabolic syndrome and treatment appropriateness of mental disorders.

A sound mind in a sound body: a novel concept unravelling heterogeneity of depression.

Depression is a highly prevalent and debilitating condition, yet we still lack both in-depth knowledge concerning its etiopathology and sufficiently efficacious treatment options. With approximately one third of patients resistant to currently available antidepressants there is a pressing need for a better understanding of depression, identifying subgroups within the highly heterogeneous illness category and to understand the divergent underlying biology of such subtypes, to help develop and personalise treatments. The TRAJECTOME project aims to address such challenges by (1) identifying depression-related multimorbidity subgroups and shared molecular pathways based on temporal disease profiles from healthcare systems and biobank data using machine learning approaches, and by (2) characterising these subgroups from multiple aspects including genetic variants, metabolic processes, lifestyle and environmental factors.

Affective temperaments show stronger association with infertility treatment success compared to somatic factors, highlighting the role of personality focused interventions.

Infertility has a multifactorial background, where, besides somatic factors, psychological contributors also play a role in development and outcome. While affective temperaments have been associated with development, course, and outcome as well as treatment success in various somatic conditions, their association with infertility and its treatment has not been investigated so far. The purpose of our retrospective cohort study was to evaluate the influence of affective temperaments on fertility treatment outcomes.