Microbial communities in feed, bedding material, and bulk milk: Experiences from a feeding trial.

There is an increasing interest in the microbiota of the dairy value chain, from field to fork. Studies to understand the effects of environmental, feed, and management factors on the raw milk microbiota have been performed to elucidate the origin of the bacteria and find ways to control the presence or absence of specific bacteria. In this study, we explored the microbiota in feedstuff, bedding material, and milk on a Swedish dairy farm to investigate the effects of feeding different silages on bacterial compositions throughout the dairy value chain.

Epiphytic microbiota in Swedish grass-clover herbage and the effect of silage additives on fermentation profiles and bacterial community compositions of the resulting silages.

Aims: To investigate the epiphytic microbiota in grass-clover herbage harvested at different sites and occasions and to explore the effect of different silage additives on the resulting silage microbiota.

Methods And Results: Herbage was harvested from grass-clover leys at geographically distributed sites in a long-term field experiment in Sweden, in early and late season of two consecutive years. Different silages were made from the herbage using: (1) no additive, (2) acid-treatment, and (3) inoculation by starter culture.

Improving the accuracy of beef cattle methane inventories in Latin America and Caribbean countries.

On-farm methane (CH) emissions need to be estimated accurately so that the mitigation effect of recommended practices can be accounted for. In the present study prediction equations for enteric CH have been developed in lieu of expensive animal measurement approaches. Our objectives were to: (1) compile a dataset from individual beef cattle data for the Latin America and Caribbean (LAC) region; (2) determine main predictors of CH emission variables; (3) develop and cross-validate prediction models according to dietary forage content (DFC); and (4) compare the predictive ability of these newly-developed models with extant equations reported in literature, including those currently used for CH inventories in LAC countries.

Feed intake, methane yield, and efficiency of utilization of energy and nitrogen by sheep fed tropical grasses.

Forage allowance impacts dry matter (DM) intake and the use of nutrients by ruminants. The efficient use of protein and energy from pasture is related to better livestock performance and lower environmental impacts. The aims of this study were to evaluate the effect of forage allowance levels on intake, digestibility, nitrogen (N) and energy balance, and methane (CH) emissions by lambs fed fresh pearl millet [Pennisetum americanum (L.

Impact of chest subcutaneous fat on the occurrence of central venous port-related infectious complications in cancer patients.

Purpose: There is no concrete evidence to support the association between the amount of subcutaneous fat area (SFA) in the central venous port-insertion site (precordium) and port-related complications. We aimed to investigate the relationship between SFA in the midclavicular line and postoperative infectious complications in patients undergoing port-insertion surgery.

Methods: This was a single-institute and historical cohort study of 174 patients who underwent first central venous port implantation surgery for chemotherapy between January 2014 and December 2018.

A novel Killian-Jamieson diverticulectomy using a thyroid gland flap: a case report.

Background: A Killian-Jamieson diverticulum is a rare pharyngoesophageal diverticulum that is radically treated by diverticulectomy. However, there is no consensus on whether cricopharyngeal myotomy is necessary, and the optimal surgical methods that prevent postoperative complications such as leakage are undetermined.

Case Presentation: A 49-year-old man was referred to our hospital with oropharyngeal dysphagia while eating.

Primary cardiac angiosarcoma resection and reconstruction with pedicled autologous pericardium: A case report.

Introduction: Primary cardiac angiosarcoma is rare, and its prognosis remains poor. Complete surgical resection is the first choice among the available treatments, to ensure prolonged patient survival.

Presentation Of Case: We report the case of a 72-year-old man with right atrial angiosarcoma who presented with bloody pericardial effusion due to tumor hemorrhaging.

Methane Production in Dairy Cows Correlates with Rumen Methanogenic and Bacterial Community Structure.

Methane (CH) is produced as an end product from feed fermentation in the rumen. Yield of CH varies between individuals despite identical feeding conditions. To get a better understanding of factors behind the individual variation, 73 dairy cows given the same feed but differing in CH emissions were investigated with focus on fiber digestion, fermentation end products and bacterial and archaeal composition.

Effects of Post-Fire Plant Cover in the Performance of Two Cordilleran Cypress (Austrocedrus chilensis) Seedling Stocktypes Planted in Burned Forests of Northeastern Patagonia, Argentina.

Cordilleran cypress (Austrocedrus chilensis [D.Don] Pic. Serm.

Effective Treatment with Intravitreal Injection of Bevacizumab for Exudative Retinal Detachment Secondary to Choroidal Metastasis of Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma.

Background: Visual disturbance caused by cancer metastasis from other organs is one of the largest challenges to cancer patients' quality of life (QOL). Lung cancer is the most frequent primary site of choroidal metastasis in men, but improvement of visual disturbance has not always been emphasized in lung cancers. Recently intravitreal bevacizumab is a newer modality being tried for local control of choroidal metastases.

Carcinoma of unknown primary site treated with Carboplatin + Paclitaxel + bevacizumab + erlotinib and its maintenance chemotherapy.

About 3% of all cancer patients suffer from carcinoma of unknown primary site (CUP). In spite of its rarity, we will encounter them. While CUPs manifest a wide variety of clinical presentations, they have often resulted in poor prognosis.

Fulminant hepatic failure and hepatomegaly caused by diffuse liver metastases from small cell lung carcinoma: 2 autopsy cases.

Fulminant hepatic failure (FHF) is defined as a liver disease that causes encephalopathy within 8 weeks of onset in the absence of pre-existing liver disease. Although liver metastases are commonly found in cancer patients, FHF secondary to diffuse liver infiltration is rare. Here, we report the rare autopsy cases of patients with small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) and secondary FHF.

Tracheal adenoid cystic carcinoma treated by repeated bronchoscopic argon plasma coagulation as a palliative therapy.

Primary tracheal tumors are uncommon, making up only 0.2% of all respiratory malignancies. Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is the most common tumor, accounting for about 30% of primary tracheal tumors.

[A case of multiple metastatic giant rectal GIST successfully treated with surgical intervention after administration of imatinib mesylate].

A 69-year-old man was admitted with difficulty in defecation and urination. CT showed a giant tumor connected with the rectum in the lower pelvic cavity, and also the presence of 4 smooth surfaced tumors, 3 of which were in the abdominal cavity, while the other one was in the left inguinal region. A core needle biopsy was performed in the left inguinal region indicated the presence of gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST), and we clinically diagnosed this case as having multiple metastatic rectal GISTs.

CBDCA + Pemetrexed + Bevacizumab and Its Maintenance Chemotherapy in a Case of Solitary Breast Metastasis from a Lung Adenocarcinoma Resistant to Gefitinib.

Based on the AVAPERL trial (36th ESMO 2011), CBDCA + pemetrexed + bevacizumab and its maintenance chemotherapy with pemetrexed + bevacizumab is a new promising regimen for the treatment of advanced non-small-cell lung adenocarcinoma. Herein, we report the rare case of a patient with solitary breast metastasis from a lung adenocarcinoma, which was effectively treated using CBDCA + pemetrexed + bevacizumab and its maintenance chemotherapy. A 57-year-old female was admitted to the hospital due to pleural effusion and cardiac tamponade caused by a lung adenocarcinoma possessing a mutation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene (deletion of exon 19).

Influence of leukotriene pathway polymorphisms on clinical responses to montelukast in Japanese patients with asthma.

What Is Known And Objective: Montelukast, a cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1 antagonist, is safe and efficacious in patients with asthma. The mechanisms underlying the significant interpatient variability in response to montelukast are not clear but are believed to be, in part, because of genetic variability.

Methods: To examine the associations between polymorphisms in candidate genes in the leukotriene pathway and outcomes in patients with asthma on montelukast for 4-8 weeks, we evaluated the changes in peak expiratory flow (PEF), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV(1·0) ) and patients' subjective symptom before and after montelukast treatment.

Reversal of diastereoselectivity in reactions of the trifluoroacetaldehyde ethyl hemiacetal with enamines and imines: metal-free, complementary anti- and syn-selective synthesis of 4,4,4-trifluoro-1-aryl-3-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-butanones.

A complete reversal of diastereoselectivity was observed for reactions of the trifluoroacetaldehyde ethyl hemiacetal with enamines and imines, derived from propiophenones, that produce 4,4,4-trifluoro-1-aryl-3-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-butanones. This process serves as the first reliable, metal-free, complementary anti- and syn-selective method to prepare 4,4,4-trifluoro-1-aryl-3-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-butanones.

Expression and function of apoptosis initiator FOXO3 in granulosa cells during follicular atresia in pig ovaries.

In mammalian ovaries, most follicles are lost by atresia before ovulation. It has become apparent that the apoptosis of granulosa cells induces follicular atresia. Forkhead box O3 (FOXO3), also called FKHRL1 (forkhead in rhabdomyosarcoma-like 1), is a proapoptotic molecule that belongs to the FOXO subfamily of forkhead transcription factors.

[In vitro susceptibilities to levofloxacin and various antibacterial agents of 12,919 clinical isolates obtained from 72 centers in 2007].

We have reported in this journal in vitro susceptibilities of clinical isolates to antibiotics every year since 1992. In this paper, we report the results of an analysis of in vitro susceptibilities of 12,919 clinical isolates from 72 centers in Japan to selected antibiotics in 2007 compared with the results from previous years. The common respiratory pathogens, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Moraxella catarrhalis and Haemophilus influenzae maintained a high susceptibility to fluoroquinolones (FQs).

Organizer-like reticular stromal cell layer common to adult secondary lymphoid organs.

Mesenchymal stromal cells are crucial components of secondary lymphoid organs (SLOs). Organogenesis of SLOs involves specialized stromal cells, designated lymphoid tissue organizer (LTo) in the embryonic anlagen; in the adult, several distinct stromal lineages construct elaborate tissue architecture and regulate lymphocyte compartmentalization. The relationship between the LTo and adult stromal cells, however, remains unclear, as does the precise number of stromal cell types that constitute mature SLOs are unclear.

Role of cell death ligand and receptor system on regulation of follicular atresia in pig ovaries.

Several hundred thousand primordial follicles are present in the mammalian ovary, however, only a limited number develop to the pre-ovulatory stage, and then finally ovulate. The others, more than 99%, will be eliminated through a degenerative process called 'atresia'. The endocrinological regulatory mechanisms involved in follicular development and atresia have been characterized to a large extent, but the precise temporal and molecular mechanisms involved in the regulation of these events have remained unknown.

A phase II study of carboplatin and paclitacel with meloxicam.

Background: Cyclooxygenase (COX-2) overexpression is seen in many malignancies including lung cancer. Recent pre-clinical studies have shown that selective COX-2 inhibitors have demonstrated promising results when used with chemotherapy. Based on these observations, we assessed the efficacy and tolerability of the combination chemotherapy consisting of carboplatin and paclitaxel with meloxicam, a selective COX-2 inhibitor.