The health preserving technologies in process of teaching children with health limited capacities.

The article discusses health saving technologies in context of education resources for children with disabilities. The purpose of the study is to identify and to classify main groups of health preserving technologies applied in educational practice for children with disabilities. The need to analyze national and foreign studies, concerning hygienic, physical culture, health improving, environmental, educational health preserving technologies targeted to ensure safety of children, is emphasized.

[Methodological approaches to the training optimization for students in radiation hygiene].

In the article the psycho-pedagogical and physiological-hygienic aspects of improvement of student's learning in radiation hygiene at the Health-prophylactic Faculty of the medical institution within a framework of the requirements of the new Federal State Educational Standard -3 are considered.

[Time budget, progress, and adaptation in school-university profile class pupils].

The paper considers the hygienic aspects of optimization of daily and weekly time budgets, the formation of healthy lifestyle choices in 10th-to-11th-form pupils from the vocational guidance classes of comprehensive secondary schools during intensified school lessons and adaptation of first-year students.

[Socio-hygienic, psychological, and pedagogical adaptation in students].

The paper considers the topical hygienic aspects of education and adaptation improvement in senior (fourth-year) medical students from the Faculty of Medical Prevention.

[Relationship between age-related development of the neuropsychic sphere in primary schoolchildren and academic activity].

The aim of this work was to study age-related dynamics of the development of higher psychic functions and manifestations of CNS fatigue in 1-4-form schoolchildren in relation to the duration of schooling. Psychophysiological studies in several Moscow schools included evaluation of cognitive and psychomotor functions and nervous fatigue (in the critical flicker fusion frequency test). It is shown that psychophysiological development of junior schoolchildren is a sequel to two major factors, age and schooling duration, that have differential effect on the neuropsychic sphere.

The study of cell and tissue mechanisms of the homeostasis of "helminth-host" system at muscle trichinellosis before and after the administration of a herb biostimulator and anthelminthic.

Results of micromorphological and histological studies of larvae of Trichinella spiralis and T. pseudospiralis, as well as, muscles, liver and small intestine of the rat-host before and after biostimulator administration of phytohemagglutinin and phytoanthelminthic were presented. It has been established that rats with Trichinella larvae of both species developed unspecific allergic angiomyositis, hepatitis, cholangitis, and erosio-haemorrhagic enterocolitis in the host's organism on the 35th day after infection.

[Experience in the undergraduate training of ophthalmologists].

The authors present their experience gained in the training of ophthalmologists at the Chair of Ocular Diseases of the Krasnoyarsk Medical Institute. In 1991 the interns, instead of traditional state examinations, maintained their diploma research, which was assessed as their skills and knowledge in the field of ocular diseases, social hygiene, and public health organization. The authors prove that such diploma research is an integral part of undergraduate training and one of the types of individual work at higher educational institutions, and enumerate the topics of diploma research.

[The intestinal microflora of patients with inflammatory diseases of the maxillofacial area].

The microflora of the large intestine in patients with odontogenic phlegmons of different localization were studied. 80.8% of such patients were found to have microecological disturbances, characterized by a decrease in the number of bacteria belonging to the genera Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Enterococcus and Bacteroides and by an increase in the number of opportunistic microorganisms.

[Prevention of endogenous infectious complications in patients after severe trauma and orthopedic surgery].

The clinical efficacy of a complex procedure for the prophylaxis of purulent septic complications in patients requiring pulmonary artificial ventilation after severe traumata and orthopedic operations, as well as in patients with the endoprosthetic appliance of the hip joint and the resection of bone tumors was studied. The procedure includes a selective decontamination of the gastrointestinal tract and oral cavity, the oral administration of lactic acid bifidum-bacterin (eubiotic) during the entire period of the pulmonary artificial ventilation and a short-term systemic administration of a 3rd generation cephalosporin. The autoflora and microflora of the pathologic foci in the patients were tested.

[The dynamics of the indices of opisthorchiasis invasion of the population of the Chulym River basin].

Based on the findings of a 20-year follow-up, the authors analyze the incidence of opisthorchiasis in one of the regions of the Krasnoyarsk Territory, the Chulym River region. They analyze the time course of the major parameters, i.e.

[The range of antigenic specificity of Bifidobacterium peptidoglycan].

The antigenic relationships of Bifidobacterium bifidum 1 peptidoglycans with different strains of this species (LVA-3, 791, GO-4), bifidobacteria of other species (B. adolescentis GO-13, B. breve 79-38, B.

[The efficacy of bifidum-containing preparations in enterogenous reactive arthritis].

Analysis is made of the intestinal microflora in 43 patients suffering from reactive arthritides (ReA) that developed after intestinal infection. The overwhelming majority of the patients manifested a decrease of the level of the bifidoflora. The disorders of the intestinal microflora were related to the disease activity and standing.

[Isolation of plasmid DNA from Bifidobacterium].

Conditions for accumulation of the biomass and a procedure for isolation of plasmid DNA from bifidobacteria in microquantities were developed. It was shown that all the strains tested had 1 to 3 plasmids of different molecular weights electrophoretically detected. Relation between the detected plasmid DNA and bifidobacteria resistance to tetracycline and fusidin as well as utilization of some carbohydrates is discussed.

[The microbiocenosis of the intestines and its influence on the course of postenterocolitic reactive arthritis].

The authors studied microbiocenosis of the intestine and its influence on the course of postenterocolitic reactive arthritis in 43 patients. The data obtained confirm the participation of intestinal dysbacteriosis in the development of a chronic form of reactive arthritis. The favourable effect of sour milk bifidumbacterin on articular manifestations in postenterocolitic reactive arthritis has been noted.

[Microbiocenosis and the status of the intestinal mucosa in alkylosing spondyloarthritis].

Intestinal microbiocenosis was examined in 53 patients with ankylosing spondyloarthritis (AS). Of these, 23 had the central and 30 presented with the peripheral form. 34 patients underwent endoscopic examinations (rectoromanoscopy, ileocolonoscopy).

[Microbial ecology of the intestines in health and in pathology].

Bifidoflora constitute 85--95 per cent of the large intestine microbiocenosis in children under 1 year of age. Bacteroides are not specific of children under 6 months of age. Lactobacilli, lactic acid streptococci, colon bacilli, enterococci and staphylococci (saprophytic, epidermal) constitute not more than 15 per cent.

[Data on the exact definition of standards for physiological energy requirements for the adult population capable of working].

It has been shown that there is no necessity in dividing the population capable of working into groups according to their age, as gradual ontogenetic decrease in the cellular metabolism takes place in the presence of parallel physiological growth of body mass. The authors have divided the population capable of working into groups of intensive work depending on their daily energy requirement, with an interval of 400 kcal. It is recommended that the data presented be used for the development of an exactly defined variant of physiological nutrition standards.

[Qualitative and quantitative composition of acids formed by bifidobacteria].

The dynamics of acid production in 18 strains of bifidobacteria, belonging to 5 different species, has been studied Bifidobacteria have been found to produce 3 acids, lactic, acetic and formic, in the process of their metabolism. The lactic acid/acetic acid quantitative ratio varies, depending on the culture medium on the average, 1:2 in Blaurock medium, 1:5 in milk hydrolysate medium. Various strains have also been found to differ in the dynamics of acid production with respect to the amounts of lactic and acetic acids.

[Human Bifidobacterium flora, its normalizing and protective functions].

The paper is concerned with investigation of the normalizing and protective role of the Bifidobacterium flora in humans and its quantitative predomination in intestinal microbiocenosis of children and adults. The data on antagonistic properties of bifidobacteria with respect to pathogenic and facultative pathogenic bacteria, the Bifidobacterium flora influence on the host metabolism and efficiency of bifidobacterin in recovery of the Bifidobacterium flora optimal level are presented.

[Joint use of antibiotics and antibiotic-resistant bifidobacteria in treating acute intestinal infections].

Acute dysentery and other acute intestinal diseases with obscure etiology are accompanied by pronounced intestinal dysbacteriosis which is manifested, on one hand, by the increased levels of Escherichia, enterobacteria, staphylococci and by the appearance of Klebsiella and Proteus in large amounts and, on the other hand, by an essential decrease in the number of lactic acid streptococci, lactobacteria, bifidobacteria. The treatment of dysentery and other intestinal diseases with obscure etiology with antibiotics, while eliminating the infective agent, leads to the aggravation of intestinal dysbacteriosis. The combined use of antibiotics and antibiotic-resistant bifidobacteria in intestinal infections with obscure etiology contributes to the effective restoration of normal intestinal microflora already in the process of antibiotic therapy.

[Use of antibiotic-resistant Bifidobacterium in treating ulcerative-necrotic enterocolitis in young children].

Ulceronecrotic colitis in premature children is accompanied by the development of pronounced intestinal dysbacteriosis characterized by a sharp increase in the number of Escherichia, enterococci, staphylococci and the appearance of opportunistic enterobacteria (Klebsiella, Serratia, Citrobacter, Proteus) in large amounts. Clinical convalescence was observed in 2 weeks in children receiving antibiotic-resistant bifidobacteria with antibiotics and in 3-4 weeks in children receiving commercial bifidobacteria with antibiotics, while children treated only with antibiotics showed no signs of clinical convalescence during the whole course of treatment. After the course of treatment the most effective recovery of the intestinal microflora was observed in the group of patients who had received antibiotics in combination with antibiotic-resistant bifidobacteria.