A Molecular Biophysical Approach to Diclofenac Topical Gastrointestinal Damage.

Diclofenac (DCF), the most widely consumed non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) worldwide, is associated with adverse typical effects, including gastrointestinal (GI) complications. The present study aims to better understand the topical toxicity induced by DCF using membrane models that mimic the physiological, biophysical, and chemical environments of GI mucosa segments. For this purpose, phospholipidic model systems that mimic the GI protective lining and lipid models of the inner mitochondrial membrane were used together with a wide set of techniques: derivative spectrophotometry to evaluate drug distribution at the membrane; steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence to predict drug location at the membrane; fluorescence anisotropy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and calcein leakage studies to evaluate the drug-induced disturbance on membrane microviscosity and permeability; and small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering studies (SAXS and WAXS, respectively), to evaluate the effects of DCF at the membrane structure.

Compounded Orodispersible Films with Natural Ingredients for Halitosis: A Clinical Experience.

Halitosis can be described as unpleasant odors emanating from the oral cavity. It is usually associated with decomposition action of bacteria present mainly on the back of the tongue and periodontal pockets, and able to produce volatile sulfur compounds. We conducted a study at the Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Juiz de Fora and evaluated the therapeutic effect of two natural extracts, Camellia sinensis (green tea) and resveratrol in the form of oral polymer films, to control halitosis.

Finding Parameters around the Abdomen for a Vibrotactile System: Healthy and Patients with Parkinson's Disease.

Freezing of Gait (FOG) is one of the most disabling gait disorders in Parkinson's Disease (PD), for which the efficacy of the medication is reduced, highlighting the use of non-pharmacological solutions. In particular, patients present less difficulties in overcoming FOG when using feedback and especially with Biofeedback Systems. In this study it is intended to detect the frequency threshold and the minimum interval of perception of the vibrotactile feedback, through a proposed wearable system, a waistband.

[Internalizing and externalizing behavior problems and substance use in adolescence].

This study investigated the relationship between externalizing behavior problems (EBP), internalizing behavior problems (IBP), and combined externalizing/internalizing behavior problems (EIBP) in early adolescence (11 years) and substance use (alcohol, tobacco, and illegal drugs) at 15 years, using data from the 1993 Pelotas (Brazil) birth cohort. Behavior problems were assessed with the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), applied to mothers when their children were 15 years old. Substance use was assessed with a self-applied confidential questionnaire for the adolescent.

Spectroscopic Studies as a Toolbox for Biophysical and Chemical Characterization of Lipid-Based Nanotherapeutics.

The goal of this study is to provide tools to minimize in the development of novel lipid-based nanotherapeutics, in favor of a rational design process. For this purpose, we present case-study examples of biophysical assays that help addressing issues of lipid-based nanotherapeutics' profiling and assist in the design of lipid nanocarriers for therapeutic usage. The assays presented are rooted in spectroscopic methods (steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence; UV-Vis derivative spectroscopy; fluorescence anisotropy and fluorescence lifetime image microscopy) and allow accessing physical-chemical interactions between drugs and lipid nanocarriers, as well as studying interactions between lipid-based nanotherapeutics and membranes and/or proteins, as this is a key factor in predicting their therapeutic and effects.

Comparable efficacy of adapalene 0.3% gel and tretinoin 0.05% cream as treatment for cutaneous photoaging.

Background: Adapalene has been previously evaluated as a treatment for actinic keratosis (AK) and solar lentigines and shown to improve signs of photoaging.

Objectives: To evaluate whether adapalene 0.3% gel is non-inferior to tretinoin 0.

Adolescent parenthood associated with adverse socio-economic outcomes at age 30 years in women and men of the Pelotas, Brazil: 1982 Birth Cohort Study.

Objective: To investigate the potential long-term effects of adolescent parenthood on completed education and income.

Design: Population-based birth cohort study.

Setting: All live births in 1982, whose mothers lived in the urban area of Pelotas, southern Brazil.

Survival Study of Triple-Negative and Non-Triple-Negative Breast Cancer in a Brazilian Cohort.

Objective: To analyze the clinical, pathological, and sociodemographic aspects between triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and non-TNBC in a Brazilian cohort and identify potential prognostic factors.

Methods: This hospital-based retrospective cohort study included 447 women with breast cancer treated at referral centers in Southeastern Brazil. Overall and disease-free survival were compared; prognostic factors were evaluated.

Clinical trial for uniform multidrug therapy for leprosy patients in Brazil (U-MDT/CT-BR): adverse effects approach.

Background: The Clinical Trial for Uniform Multidrug Therapy for Leprosy Patients in Brazil (U-MDT/CT-BR), designed to evaluate the effectiveness of a six-months regimen, assessed the adverse effects caused by the drugs.

Objective: Describe adverse effects due to MDT in U-MDT/CT-BR, comparing the uniform regimen (U-MDT) to the current WHO regimen (R-MDT).

Patients And Methods: After operational classification, patients were randomly allocated to the study groups.

-Specific Antibodies in Multibacillary Leprosy Patients Decrease During and After Treatment With Either the Regular 12 Doses Multidrug Therapy (MDT) or the Uniform 6 Doses MDT.

Unlabelled: Leprosy serology reflects the bacillary load of patients and multidrug therapy (MDT) reduces -specific antibody titers of multibacillary (MB) patients. The () compared outcomes of regular 12 doses MDT/R-MDT and the uniform 6 doses MDT/U-MDT for MB leprosy, both of regimens including rifampicin, clofazimine, and dapsone. This study investigated the impact of R-MDT and U-MDT and the kinetic of antibody responses to specific antigens in MB patients from the .

Impact of stressful life events on central adiposity in the Pelotas Birth Cohort.

Objective: To investigate how stressful life events and social support relate to central adiposity in Southern Brazil.

Methods: Data included information from 802 participants in the 1982 Pelotas Birth Cohort that was collect in 2004-2005 and 2006. Stratifying by sex, we studied self-reported stressful life events during the year before 2004-2005 in relation to change in waist circumference between 2004-2005 and 2006 and waist-to-hip ratio in 2006, using both bivariate and multivariate linear regression models.

Utilization of basic health units of FHS according to private health insurance.

OBJECTIVE To describe the utilization of basic health units according to coverage by discount card or private health insurance. METHODS Household survey in the area covered by Family Health Strategy in Pelotas, state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, from December 2007 to February 2008, with persons of all age groups. The frequency of (medical or non-medical) healthcare seeking at the basic health units in the last six months and the prevalence of basic health unit utilization for the last medical consultation (in case it had been performed up to six months before, for a non-routine reason) were analyzed by Poisson regression adjusted for the sampling design.

Association between interleukin-6, C-reactive protein and adiponectin with adiposity: Findings from the 1993 pelotas (Brazil) birth cohort at 18 and 22 years.

Background: Most of the literature has shown a direct association between adiposity, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP), and an inverse association with adiponectin. The aim of this paper was to assess the association of obesity measurements and IL-6, CRP and adiponectin.

Methods: We performed cross-sectional/longitudinal analysis in the 1993 Birth Cohort in Brazil.

Interrelatioship between Diet Quality and Depressive Symptoms in Elderly.

Background: Several observational studies have shown association between diet quality and depression, but few studies have explored the interrelationship between these variables.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the interrelationship between diet quality and depressive symptoms in elderly.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

[Breastfeeding and externalizing behaviors in childhood and adolescence in a birth cohort].

Objective: To assess the association between breastfeeding duration and externalizing behaviors in childhood and adolescence.

Methods: Data from the 1993 Pelotas Birth Cohort was used. Information on breastfeeding was assessed at 12 months of age.

Lifelong robbery victimisation and mental disorders at age 18 years: Brazilian population-based study.

Purpose: Urban violence is a major problem in Brazil and may contribute to mental disorders among victims. The aim of this study was to assess the association between robbery victimisation and mental health disorders in late adolescence.

Methods: At age 18 years, 4106 participants in the 1993 Pelotas Birth Cohort Study were assessed.

Counseling by health professionals and healthy behaviors among the elderly: population-based study in Pelotas, South of Brazil, 2014.

Objective: to analyze the association between counseling by health care professionals and healthy behaviors among the elderly.

Methods: population-based, cross-sectional study with elderly individuals (≥60 years) interviewed in 2014; Poisson regression was used to estimate crude and adjusted prevalence ratios (PR) of associations between counseling by health professionals on the reduction of salt, sugar and fat and on the practice of physical activity during the year previous to the interview and healthy behaviors.

Results: 1,281 elderly individuals were interviewed; after adjustments, the elderly who mentioned receiving counseling by health professionals reported reduction in the intake of salt (PR 1.

Breastfeeding and behavior disorders among children and adolescents: a systematic review.

Objective: This systematic review study aimed to assess the evidence available for the association between breastfeeding and behavior disorders in childhood and adolescence.

Methods: The search was carried out in the PubMed, Lilacs, and PsycINFO databases up to December 2016. Inclusion criteria were as follows: prospective, retrospective and cross-sectional studies assessing the association between breastfeeding and behavior disorders in childhood or adolescence, using psychometric tests, carried out in humans and published in Portuguese, English, or Spanish.

Genotyping comparison of Mycobacterium leprae isolates by VNTR analysis from nasal samples in a Brazilian endemic region.

This study analyzed the genetic diversity by MIRU-VNTR of Mycobacterium leprae isolates from nasal cavities and related to epidemiological and clinical data. The sample consisted of 48 newly diagnosed leprosy cases that tested positive for M. leprae PCR in nasal secretion (NS) attending to the National Reference Center of Dermatology Dona Libania (CDERM), Fortaleza, Brazil.

Growth across life course and cardiovascular risk markers in 18-year-old adolescents: the 1993 Pelotas birth cohort.

Objective: To evaluate the association between growth trajectories from birth to adolescence and cardiovascular risk marker levels at age 18 years in a population-based cohort. In order to disentangle the effect of weight gain from that of height gain, growth was analysed using conditional weight relative to linear growth (CWh) and conditional length/height (CH).

Design: Prospective study.

Bilateral theta-burst magnetic stimulation influence on event-related brain potentials.

Theta-burst stimulation (TBS) can be a non-invasive technique to modulate cognitive functions, with promising therapeutic potential, but with some contradictory results. Event related potentials are used as a marker of brain deterioration and can be used to evaluate TBS-related cognitive performance, but its use remains scant. This study aimed to study bilateral inhibitory and excitatory TBS effects upon neurocognitive performance of young healthy volunteers, using the auditory P300' results.

Betamethasone dipropionate compounding for cutaneous T-cell lymphoma management.

Background: Primary cutaneous lymphomas (extranodular non-Hodgkin lymphomas) are rare (incidence 1:100 000). Mycosis fungoides is the most common cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) subtype. Treatment options are based on the diagnosis and the stage of the disease.

Reading Aloud and Child Development: A Cluster-Randomized Trial in Brazil.

Objectives: Many children in low- and middle-income countries fail to reach their developmental potential. We sought to determine if a parenting program focused on the promotion of reading aloud enhanced parent-child interactions and child development among low-income families in northern Brazil.

Methods: This was a cluster-randomized study of educational child care centers randomly assigned to receive an additional parenting program (intervention) or standard child care without a parenting component (control).

Evaluation of 16S rRNA qPCR for detection of Mycobacterium leprae DNA in nasal secretion and skin biopsy samples from multibacillary and paucibacillary leprosy cases.

Mycobacterium leprae bacilli are mainly transmitted by the dissemination of nasal aerosols from multibacillary (MB) patients to susceptible individuals through inhalation. The upper respiratory tract represents the main entry and exit routes of M. leprae.