Systematic ultrasound evaluation of olfactory sulci in fetuses with congenital heart defects: a clue for CHARGE syndrome diagnosis.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the role of olfactory sulci (OS) in diagnosing CHARGE syndrome among fetuses with major congenital heart defects (CHDs).

Methods: We prospectively evaluated OS development in fetuses diagnosed with CHDs from 2017 to 2021. Neurosonography (NSG) was performed using transabdominal and transvaginal approaches after 30 weeks of gestation.

Caregiver Psychopathology, Resilience, and Their Associations with Social-Emotional Challenges of Young Children Affected by Armed Conflict in Colombia.

We examined the social and emotional challenges (SEC) of young children and the mental health of their caregivers in areas affected by armed conflict and displacement in Colombia. Anxiety, depression, and PTSD symptoms were assessed in 1,133 caregivers. Caregivers also reported on the SEC of their children aged 21-53 months.

Evaluation of the Distal Extent of Visualization Using Volar Approaches for Fixation of Distal Radius Fractures.

Purpose: Distal radius fractures may include difficult-to-treat fractures of the volar ulnar corner, colloquially termed as the "critical corner." These fragments are problematic because they are often missed, and their fixation is difficult. We aimed to compare the distal extent of the exposure of the volar surface of the distal radius between the classic Henry approach and the extended flexor carpi radialis (EFCR) approach.

Determining personal exposure to high production volume chemicals (HPVCs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) with silicone wristbands: A pilot study.

High production volume chemicals (HPVCs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are semi-volatile organic compounds (semi-VOCs) of great environmental concern because of their presence worldwide and health problems resulting from long-term exposure to some of them. It is essential to have robust analytical methods to monitor the concentrations of these compounds not only in environmental samples but also individual exposure. In this pilot study we develop and validate a multiresidue analytical method based on ultrasound-assisted extraction and gas-chromatography mass spectrometry for the simultaneous determination of 56 semi-VOCs using silicone wristbands (SWBs) as personal passive samplers.

Semisynthetic Studies Establish a Role for Conjugate Halide Exchange in the Formation of Chlorinated Pyrroloiminoquinones and Related Alkaloids.

Two novel pyrroloiminoquinone alkaloids, 6-chlorodamirone A and 6-bromodamirone A, have been identified for the first time from the marine sponge sp. (order: Poecilosclerida: family Latrunculiidae), sourced from Western Australia. Alongside these new compounds, seven previously known metabolites were also isolated.

Body Mass Index is Not an Appropriate Proxy for the Condition of Peri-Incisional Adiposity in Primary Total Joint Arthroplasty Patients.

Background: The American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons defined the acceptable threshold for elective safe surgery as a body mass index (BMI) under 40 due to the increased risk of complications. A consequence of this recommendation has been a hard cutoff based on BMI, which restricts access to care for an increasingly large and diverse population. There is an improved understanding that excess adipose tissue confers additional risk for postoperative complications, including infection, through mechanical and physiologic mechanisms.

Reproducibility Analysis of Two Speckle Tracking Software for the Antenatal Semiautomated Assessment of the Fetal Cardiac Function.

Introduction: Speckle tracking echocardiography is a non-Doppler modality allowing the semiautomated evaluation of the fetal cardiac function by tracking the speckles of the endocardial borders. Little evidence is available on the evaluation and comparison of different software for the functional assessment of the fetal heart by means of speckle tracking echocardiography. The aim of this study was to evaluate the reproducibility and agreement of two different proprietary speckle tracking software for the prenatal semiautomated assessment of the fetal cardiac function.

(Just Between Us): Engagement of Hotel Housekeepers During Sociopolitical and Environmental Change.

Background: Aquí Entre Nos (Between Us) is a community-based participatory research project to engage rural, ethno-racially diverse hotel housekeepers in a right to work state during a time of national anti-immigrant policy, wildfires and emergence of a global pandemic.

Objectives: We aimed to (1) build trust and social support with the hotel housekeeping community, (2) learn about the occupational health, safety, and workers' rights challenges, strategies, and solutions held by workers, and (3) develop a workforce-driven research and action agenda to improve labor and health conditions.

Methods: Participatory mixed methods rooted in popular education are described to form an advisory board and engage the workforce.

Clinical Practice Guidelines of the Latin American Federation of Endocrinology for the use of vitamin D in the maintenance of bone health: recommendations for the Latin American context.

Introduction: These guidelines aim to provide evidence-based recommendations for the supplementation of Vitamin D in maintaining bone health. An unmet need persists in Latin American regarding the availability of clinical and real-world data for rationalizing the use of vitamin D supplementation. The objective of these guidelines is to establish clear and practical recommendations for healthcare practitioners from Latin American countries to address Vitamin D insufficiency in clinical practice.

Pierre Robin Sequence: An Updated Evidence-Based Treatment Proposal.

Background: The Pierre Robin sequence (PRS) is characterized by the presence of micrognathia, glossoptosis, and respiratory obstruction during the neonatal period, its prompt recognition allows to mitigate the associated morbidity and mortality. A diagnosis and treatment algorithm was previously proposed based on data from the literature to guide therapeutic efforts; therefore, it was proposed to carry out a new search for relevant evidence to update or complement it.

Methods: A literature review of the subject was conducted in PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases, corresponding to the period between November 2016 and September 2021.

Comparing internal and external stabilization for traumatic elbow instability: a systematic review.

Background: Despite surgical reestablishment of the supporting structures, instability may often persist in traumatic elbow injury. In these cases, a temporary internal or external fixator may be indicated to unload the repaired structures and maintain joint concentricity. Aggregate data are needed to characterize the risk of complication between external fixation (ExFix) and the internal joint stabilizer (IJS) when used for traumatic elbow instability.

Central leptin signaling deficiency induced by leptin receptor antagonist leads to hypothalamic proteomic remodeling.

Aims: Leptin irresponsiveness, which is often associated with obesity, can have significant impacts on the hypothalamic proteome of individuals, including those who are lean. While mounting evidence on leptin irresponsiveness has focused on obese individuals, understanding the early molecular and proteomic changes associated with deficient hypothalamic leptin signaling in lean individuals is essential for early intervention and prevention of metabolic disorders. Leptin receptor antagonists block the binding of leptin to its receptors, potentially reducing its effects and used in cases where excessive leptin activity might be harmful.

Quality of life of patients with thyroid cancer in Colombia.

Introduction: Quality of life (QoL) in thyroid cancer patients is comparable to patients with other tumours with worse prognosis. The aim was to evaluate QoL in Colombian patients with thyroid carcinoma and to explore the association of QoL scores with patient features.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study.

Intraovarian platelet-rich plasma injection and IVF outcomes in patients with poor ovarian response: a double-blind randomized controlled trial.

Study Question: Does platelet-rich plasma (PRP) intraovarian injection increase the number of retrieved oocytes in successive ovarian punctions among patients with poor ovarian reserve (POR)?

Summary Answer: The injection of PRP increases the number of retrieved oocytes without increasing the quality of developed blastocysts.

What Is Known Already: Management of women with reduced ovarian response to stimulation is one of the significant challenges in reproductive medicine. Recently, PRP treatment has been proposed as an adjunct in assisted reproduction technology, with controversial results.

Intra-amniotic infection and/or inflammation is associated with fetal cardiac concentric hypertrophy and diastolic dysfunction in preterm labor and preterm prelabor rupture of membranes.

Background: Preterm delivery is associated with cardiovascular remodeling and dysfunction in children and adults. However, it is unknown whether these effects are caused by the neonatal consequences of preterm birth or if these are already present in utero.

Objective: We evaluated fetal cardiac morphology and function in fetuses of mothers admitted for preterm labor or preterm prelabor rupture of membranes and the association of these changes with the presence of intra-amniotic infection and/or inflammation.

Immune and oxidative stress biomarkers in pediatric psychosis and psychosis-risk: Meta-analyses and systematic review.

Objective: While genetic and cohort studies suggest immune and reduction/oxidation (redox) alterations occur in psychosis, less is known about potential alterations in children and adolescents.

Methods: We conducted a systematic review to identify immune and redox biomarker studies in children and adolescents (mean age ≤ 18 years old) across the psychosis spectrum: from psychotic like experiences, which are common in children, to threshold psychotic disorders like schizophrenia. We conducted meta-analyses when at least three studies measured the same biomarker.

Arthroscopic rotator cuff repair using a single or double row technique: A meta-analysis of randomized clinical trial.

Purpose: To compare the double row technique versus the single row technique for arthroscopic rotator cuff repair, in order to assess whether there are clinical differences.

Methods: Systematic review of randomized clinical trials comparing the clinical results of the double-row technique versus the single-row technique in arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. Demographic, clinical, and surgical variables were analyzed, including functional scores, tendon healing rate, and re-tear rate.

Local Soft-Tissue Thickness vs. Body Mass Index as Predictors of Complications After Total Knee or Hip Arthroplasty: A Literature Review.

» Body mass index (BMI) is a nonspecific measure of general fat composition that demonstrates little conclusive or definitive association with surgical site complications after total knee and total hip arthroplasty.» Quantifying soft-tissue thickness (STT) around the joint of interest has shown positive correlations with complications and is arguably a better predictor than BMI.» In this literature review, 14 articles (7 discussing hips and 7 discussing knees) discussing the association of STT, BMI, and surgical site complications after total hip and knee arthroplasty were scrutinized and summarized to present relevant information necessary to compare STT with BMI.

Thermal Transport and Rheological Properties of Hybrid Nanofluids Based on Vegetable Lubricants.

Nanofluids based on vegetal oil with different wt.% of carbon nanotubes (CNT), hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN), and its hybrid (h-BN@CNT) were produced to investigate the effects of these nano-additives on the thermal conductivity and rheological properties of nanofluids. Stable suspensions of these oil/nanostructures were produced without the use of stabilizing agents.

A Dual Center Experience with a Locking Intramedullary Nail for Wrist Fusion.

 In aggregate, there is varied efficacy for total wrist fusion (TWF) with a locking intramedullary (IM) nail which indicates the need for further investigation. It remains unclear whether preparation of the third carpometacarpal joint (CMCJ) will reduce the risk of complications including distal screw loosening.  Our objectives were (a) to report clinical outcomes for wrist arthrodesis using a locking IM nail and (b) to determine whether maintenance of the native third CMCJ articulation would contribute to short-term complications.

Evaluating artificial intelligence for comparative radiography.

Introduction: Comparative radiography is a forensic identification and shortlisting technique based on the comparison of skeletal structures in ante-mortem and post-mortem images. The images (e.g.