Single-Cell Sequencing: Genomic and Transcriptomic Approaches in Cancer Cell Biology.

This article reviews the impact of single-cell sequencing (SCS) on cancer biology research. SCS has revolutionized our understanding of cancer and tumor heterogeneity, clonal evolution, and the complex interplay between cancer cells and tumor microenvironment. SCS provides high-resolution profiling of individual cells in genomic, transcriptomic, and epigenomic landscapes, facilitating the detection of rare mutations, the characterization of cellular diversity, and the integration of molecular data with phenotypic traits.

Seroepidemiological Reconstruction of Long-term Rift Valley Fever Virus Circulation in Nouakchott, Mauritania.

Background: Although Rift valley fever (RVF) is endemic in Mauritania, with eight epidemics documented since 1987, infections among human populations, particularly in Nouakchott, the capital city of Mauritania, remain limited. The objectives of the present study were to assess the seroprevalence of RVF in humans and reconstruct the epidemiological history of RVF virus (RVFV) circulation within the city.

Methods: Using data from a cross-sectional and descriptive serological study among asymptomatic subjects conducted in Nouakchott in 2021, a mathematical model was developed to trace the seroepidemiological evolution of RVFV between 1927 and 2020 in the capital city.

Implementation of Perioperative Anesthesia Considerations for Military Veterans Who Consume Cannabis: A Quality Improvement Project.

Purpose: As no widely accepted recommendations or guidelines on perioperative management for the cannabis-consuming patient exist, this quality improvement project aimed to identify and implement evidence-based recommendations for cannabis-consuming patients throughout the perioperative period. The objectives of this project were (1) to improve anesthesia providers' knowledge on how to care for cannabis-consuming patients, (2) to increase anesthesia providers' self-efficacy in caring for cannabis-consuming patients, and (3) to assess the frequency of utilization of the given evidence-based recommendation.

Design: This quality improvement project incorporated a pretest-posttest design.

A Novel Technique of Left Atrial Decompression Using Intracardiac Echocardiography Guidance in 2 Dogs With Advanced Degenerative Mitral Valve Disease.

Left atrial decompression (LAD) using transseptal puncture followed by balloon atrial septostomy recently has been described as a palliative minimally invasive procedure in dogs with advanced degenerative mitral valve disease (DMVD). We report herein the first use of intracardiac echocardiography (ICE) guidance combined with 3-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography (3D-TEE) to ensure the safety of the LAD procedure from a caudal approach, as performed in humans, in 2 American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine (ACVIM) stage C and D DMVD dogs (Jack Russell Terrier and Cavalier King Charles Spaniel) with recurrent episodes of acute pulmonary edema. Both LAD procedures were successful, as confirmed by markedly decreased systolic left atrial pressures (17 and 25 mmHg vs.

Central venous pressure as a method of optimising atrio-ventricular delay after cardiac surgery.

Introduction: Haemodynamic atrioventricular delay (AVD) optimisation has primarily focussed on signals that are not easy to acquire from a pacing system itself, such as invasive left ventricular catheterisation or arterial blood pressure (ABP). In this study, standard clinical central venous pressure (CVP) signals are tested as a potential alternative.

Methods: Sixteen patients with a temporary pacemaker after cardiac surgery were studied.

TDP43 autoregulation gives rise to dominant negative isoforms that are tightly controlled by transcriptional and post-translational mechanisms.

The nuclear RNA-binding protein TDP43 is integrally involved in the pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD). Previous studies uncovered N-terminal TDP43 isoforms that are predominantly cytosolic in localization, prone to aggregation, and enriched in susceptible spinal motor neurons. In healthy cells, however, these shortened (s)TDP43 isoforms are difficult to detect in comparison to full-length (fl)TDP43, raising questions regarding their origin and selective regulation.

Quantum chemical and kinetic study of the reaction between CCl and NO radicals.

The dependence of the rate constant of the recombination reaction of CCl and NO radicals on temperature and pressure was studied. Quantum-chemical calculations were employed to characterize relevant aspects of the potential energy surface for this process. The limiting rate constants between 300 and 2000 K were analyzed using the unimolecular reactions theory.

Multiplexed amplicon sequencing reveals the heterogeneous spatial distribution of pyrethroid resistance mutations in Aedes albopictus mosquito populations in southern France.

Background: The risk of mosquito-borne disease transmission is increasing in temperate climates with the colonization and proliferation of the Asian tiger mosquito vector Aedes albopictus and the rapid mass transport of passengers returning from tropical regions where viruses are endemic. The prevention of major Aedes-borne viruses heavily relies on the use of insecticides for vector control, mainly pyrethroids. In Europe, only deltamethrin is authorized.

Molecular Xenomonitoring (MX) allows real-time surveillance of West Nile and Usutu virus in mosquito populations.

West Nile Virus (WNV) and Usutu virus (USUV) circulate through complex cryptic transmission cycles involving mosquitoes as vectors, birds as amplifying hosts and several mammal species as dead-end hosts. Both viruses can be transmitted to humans through mosquito bites, which can lead to neuroinvasive and potentially fatal disease. Notably, WNV can also be transmitted through blood donations and organ transplants.

Impact of team experience on robot-assisted surgery for rectal cancer: A comparative study.

Introduction: The robotic surgical team in the operating room plays an important role in determining the outcome of a robotic approach. This study aimed to compare the outcomes of 2 hospitals with different levels of expertise in robot-assisted rectal cancer surgery.

Methods: This retrospective study analyzed 195 patients who underwent robot-assisted rectal resection at 2 referral centers for the treatment of rectal cancer between March 2018 and December 2021.

Phenotypic and Genomic Insights Into Bacillus spp. and Peribacillus spp. of Spanish Olive Groves With Biotechnological Potential.

Spore-forming organisms are an integral component of the rhizosphere, providing plants with significant advantages. Previous studies determined the antimicrobial activity of the olive sporobiota, identifying five candidates of particular relevance, belonging to the Bacillus subtilis, Peribacillus simplex and Bacillus cereus clade. This study aimed to determine their biotechnological properties, safety aspects, spore structure and resistance, and interaction with the environment through a combined microbiological and genomic approach.

Transhumeral prosthesis use and disuse affects whole-body angular momentum.

Background: Individuals with transhumeral limb loss have an increased risk of falling, potentially resulting from altered upper-body kinematics during gait. The purpose of this study was to investigate whole-body angular momentum as a measure of movement control, to gain an understanding of how these upper-body kinematics contribute to dynamic balance.

Methods: Eight participants with transhumeral limb loss and eight able-bodied control participants completed three gait trials at self-selected speeds.

The xenobiotic transporter /MRP4 promotes epithelial mesenchymal transition in pancreatic cancer.

The xenobiotic transporter /MRP4 is highly expressed in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and correlates with a more aggressive phenotype and metastatic propensity. Here, we show that promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in PDAC, a hallmark process involving the acquisition of mesenchymal traits by epithelial cells, enhanced cell motility, and chemoresistance. Modulation of levels in PANC-1 and BxPC-3 cell lines resulted in the dysregulation of genes present in the EMT signature.

Stress granule formation helps to mitigate neurodegeneration.

Cellular stress pathways that inhibit translation initiation lead to transient formation of cytoplasmic RNA/protein complexes known as stress granules. Many of the proteins found within stress granules and the dynamics of stress granule formation and dissolution are implicated in neurodegenerative disease. Whether stress granule formation is protective or harmful in neurodegenerative conditions is not known.

The influence of realistic 3D mantle viscosity on Antarctica's contribution to future global sea levels.

The response of the Antarctic Ice Sheet (AIS) to climate change is the largest uncertainty in projecting future sea level. The impact of three-dimensional (3D) Earth structure on the AIS and future global sea levels is assessed here by coupling a global glacial isostatic adjustment model incorporating 3D Earth structure to a dynamic ice-sheet model. We show that including 3D viscous effects produces rapid uplift in marine sectors and reduces projected ice loss for low greenhouse gas emission scenarios, lowering Antarctica's contribution to global sea level in the coming centuries by up to ~40%.

An analysis of oral contraceptive related videos on TikTok.

Background: TikTok has increasingly become a source of information about reproductive health. Patients seeking health information about oral contraception on TikTok may be influenced by videos containing misinformation or biased information.

Objective: This social media infodemiological study aims to provide a descriptive content analysis of the quality and reliability of oral contraceptive health information on TikTok.

Multi-omic characterization of antibody-producing CHO cell lines elucidates metabolic reprogramming and nutrient uptake bottlenecks.

Characterizing the phenotypic diversity and metabolic capabilities of industrially relevant manufacturing cell lines is critical to bioprocess optimization and cell line development. Metabolic capabilities of production hosts limit nutrient and resource channeling into desired cellular processes and can have a profound impact on productivity. These limitations cannot be directly inferred from measured data such as spent media concentrations or transcriptomics.

Practical issues related to immunocytochemistry on cytological smears: Tips and recommendations.

Objective: Immunocytochemistry (ICC) is essential for enhancing diagnostic accuracy and identifying markers for diagnosis, prognosis and targeted therapies. While cell blocks (CBs) are preferred for standardization and optimized staining, cytological smears are an alternative when CBs are unavailable. However, the literature on ICC protocols for smears is sparse.

TDP43 autoregulation gives rise to shortened isoforms that are tightly controlled by both transcriptional and post-translational mechanisms.

The nuclear RNA-binding protein TDP43 is integrally involved in the pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD). Previous studies uncovered N-terminal TDP43 isoforms that are predominantly cytosolic in localization, highly prone to aggregation, and enriched in susceptible spinal motor neurons. In healthy cells, however, these shortened (s)TDP43 isoforms are difficult to detect in comparison to full-length (fl)TDP43, raising questions regarding their origin and selective regulation.

Lower Humoral and Cellular Immunity Following Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infection Compared to Symptomatic Infection in Education (The ACE Cohort).

Purpose: Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections were widely reported during the COVID-19 pandemic, acting as a hidden source of infection. Many existing studies investigating asymptomatic immunity failed to recruit true asymptomatic individuals. Thus, we conducted a longitudinal cohort study to evaluate humoral- and cell-mediated responses to infection and vaccination in well-defined asymptomatic young adults (the Asymptomatic COVID-19 in Education [ACE] cohort).

Fertility Awareness-Based Methods for Family Planning and Women's Health: Impact of an Online Elective.

Background And Objectives: Fertility awareness-based methods (FABMs) are evidence-based means of tracking observable biomarkers of a woman's fertility for the purpose of reproductive health monitoring and family planning. However, medical education regarding FABMs is limited. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of a 4-week, two-part online elective on students' knowledge of FABMs, confidence in explaining and offering them to patients, and anticipated behaviors in future practice.